Scientific publications were used to undertake systematic analysis of the effects of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) on heat shock gene expression in various bio-objects. International normative documents assume that high intensity EMR (100 µWatt/cm2) causes expression of the heat shock gene and ensuing biological consequences. In Russia, the flux energy data level is taken to be 10 µWatt/cm2. Term "data level" means that the EMR bio-effect is not thermal by nature. However, Russian national standard GOST R 50804-95 containing the general medical-engineering requirements to cosmonaut's environment in a piloted spacecraft sets the maximum admissible level at 1000 µWatt/cm2 within the EMR band of 0.3–300 GHz. Systematic analysis of the EMR effects within this band did not reveal expression of the heat shock gene. The investigation should be proceeded with the focus on the EMR non-heat bio-effects.

An annotated list of liverworts of the Murmansk Region is compiled based on a critical compilation of publications and label data available in the information system CRIS (L.). It includes 210 species, 2 subspecies and 8 varieties, which is 59 species more than in the list of species published in 1982. Ten taxa were excluded through comparison with the previous list and later publications, due to misidentifications or new taxonomical treatments. Annotations for each species include the synonyms under which they were listed for the region; the category of threat in the Red Data Books of Europe, Russia and the Murmansk Region; links to the most representative publications on occurrence in each of nine accepted biogeographic provinces of the region; and at least one specimen number of the KPABG or INEP herbaria in the case of the absence of published data. In total, we provide 259 new records for different provinces based on herbaria KPABG (205 records) and INEP (52 records). Additionally, there are links to publications on the nucleotide sequence data of 149 specimens obtained for 82 species and for 1 variety from the Murmansk Region, including 14 specimens (11 species), published here for the first time. Species threatened in Europe, Russia and the Murmansk Region are discussed and future perspectives of liverwort study in the Murmansk Region are outlined.

As part of the study of the flora of the Regional Natural Park “Rybachy and Sredny Peninsulas”, 20 species of liverworts were recorded that had not previously been found for these peninsulas. Among the newly discovered species is Eremonotus myriocarpus, a species listed in the Red Book of the Murmansk region and two species that are threatened in Europe (Moerckia blyttii, Lophoziopsis rubrigemma). Taking into account the latest taxonomic changes and new records, the flora of liverworts of the Rybachy and Sredny peninsulas counts now 111 species.

Frullania (subg. Trachycolea) sect. Trachycolea has been studied using integrative taxonomy methods and utilizing sampling from almost all areas of distribution of the species previously referred to this section. A phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear ribosomal ITS1-2 and chloroplast trnL-F sequence data and a morphological study reveal a wide range of morphological variability within specimens that has largely disguised the overall taxonomic diversity. Frullania parvistipula, previously regarded as a widespread species, has been found to represent a group of separate species within different sections of F. subg. Trachycolea: F. caucasica and F. conistipula in F. sect. Trachycolea, F. parvistipula in F. sect. Australes, and F. fukuzawana in F. sect. Integristipulae II. Illustrations of the type specimens of F. conistipula, F. fukuzawana, and F. parvistipula, as well as illustrations of the sequenced specimens belonging to two of the discussed species (F. conistipula and F. parvistipula), are provided. The morphological differences separating the highly similar F. caucasica, F. conistipula, F. fukuzawana, F. koponenii, and F. parvistipula are discussed. A dichotomous key is presented for accepted species. New combinations are provided for two taxa.

An integrative study of expanded sampling of Apopellia species, including the topotype of Apopellia megaspora, made it possible to clarify the taxonomic position and distribution of the species of the genus. The ITS1-2 and trnL-F sequence data were obtained for 36 molecularly tested specimens, including the topotype Apopellia megaspora, that together with data previously deposited in GenBank, support the treatment of Apopellia as a separate genus and A. alpicola as a distinct species, as well as radically change the idea on the distribution of the species of the genus. It is shown that A. megaspora is an American-Asian species with single records in Europe, whereas A. alpicola is a West-American-Eurasian species widespread in western North America and occurring scattered in Eurasia. Both species occur in the mountains of western North America and south Siberia. A. endiviifolia is widespread in Europe, scattered in Asia and so far not confirmed for America. The expanded sampling of Apopellia spp. allows us to clarify the morphological features of the species of the genus, and microphotographs illustrate the more-important morphological features.

ABSTRACT Introduction We report the results of an international bryological expedition to the Khamar-Daban mountain range in Russian southern Siberia. The novel approach of integrative floristics is introduced here as a method of surveying the flora of a region by using a combination of morphological and molecular evidence to identify and verify unexpected findings. We show that use of this approach can deliver a high level of credibility in cases in which direct molecular comparison is possible or the relevant data can be easily obtained from reliable studies informing recent treatments. Integrative floristics can also be used to identify potential taxonomic problems requiring further study. Methods Conventional identification methods based on plant anatomy and morphology were supplemented with molecular barcoding (nuclear ITS, plastid trnL–trnF, rps4 and atpB–rbcL regions) of specimens that either did not fit existing morphological concepts perfectly or for which records were unexpected based on previously established phytogeographical patterns. Key results and conclusions In total, we recorded ca 380 species of mosses and ca 150 species of liverworts from five localities on the northern slopes of the Khamar-Daban range. Such floristic richness indicates a hotspot of bryophyte diversity with a remarkably high proportion of suboceanic species, such as Brachydontium trichodes (F.Weber) Milde, Herzogiella striatella (Brid.) Z.Iwats. and Racomitrium macounii subsp. alpinum (E.Lawton) Frisvoll. Nearly 20% of specimens were identified or checked using DNA barcoding. This approach showed the presence of previously unrecorded species in a number of genera, including Didymodon, Neckera and Pseudohygrohypnum.

Introduction The genus Moerckia Gottsche belongs to the order Pallaviciniales, the phylogeny of which has been insufficiently studied. We re-evaluate the phylogenetic position of M. blyttii and the importance of certain morphological features, and re-emphasise the differences in morphology, ecology and distribution of M. hibernica and M. flotoviana. Methods DNA data from three nucleotide markers, namely ITS1 to ITS2 nrDNA, trnL-F and trnG intron cpDNA, were obtained from specimens of Moerckia species, including the generitype M. hibernica, which had not been sequenced before. Relationships were explored using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses. Key results In the results of molecular analyses, specimens of Moerckia hibernica from Ireland and Scotland formed a sister clade to that of M. flotoviana, and M. blyttii retained its distinct position basal to both Moerckiaceae and Pallaviciniaceae. This clarifies the phylogenetic position of M. hibernica as well as that of the Pallaviciniales as a whole. The most significant morphological characters to distinguish M. flotoviana from M. hibernica are placement of antheridial scales, width-to-length ratio of thallus segments, and width of midrib; conducting strands are a less important differentiating feature, being present in both species and often weakly developed. The results showed the variability and overlap of some morphological characters. Conclusion The new family Pseudomoerckiaceae and a new monotypic genus, Pseudomoerckia, created to accommodate Moerckia blyttii, are described. Cordaeaceae Mamontov et al. is synonymised with Moerckiaceae K.I.Goebel ex Stotler & Crand.-Stotl. The species status and restricted distribution of M. hibernica are confirmed.

Introduction. Frullania Raddi is one of the largest genera of liverworts, and the number of accepted names is still fluctuating as a result of ongoing revisionary work. Specimens, believed to be F. stylifera, an eastern North American endemic, had been collected in several remote regions in both the European and Asian parts of Russia.Methods. To confirm the identity of the Eurasian specimens they were compared morphologically with American material including the types of F. stylifera (holotype F!, isotype UBC!). DNA data were also obtained and compared from recent specimens collected on both continents, using two nucleotide markers ITS1-2 nrDNA and trnL-F cpDNA.Key results. Frullania stylifera, previously known as an endemic of Eastern North America, was proved to be present in the European and Asian parts of Russia. A detailed description, and discussion of its variability, ecology and distribution are provided, along with morphological and molecular distinctions from similar species.Conclusions. European and Asian specimens of F. stylifera are the same species as American ones according to molecular results, but show some morphological differences. However, both the shape and size of the perianth, the structure of the capsule wall and the size of spores are quite characteristic and rather stable in all specimens studied.

The annotated list of liverworts of Khulga River Basin (Subpolar Urals, north-east part of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area – Yugra) is compiled based on identification of 300 specimens gathered by E. D. Lapshina and I. V. Filippov in 2018. It counts 84 species, among them two species new for the Urals and five species (Arnellia fennica, Frullania austinii, Mesoptychia rutheana, Metzgeria furcata, Scapania sphaerifera) new for Subpolar Urals. Annotations to the species include distribution, description of habitats and data on reproduction structures. Comparison with two previously studied local floras as well as the full list of liverworts of Asian part of the Urals is provided. A total of 144 species have now been recorded in three studies of the Urals territories within the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area.

The studies of cryptogams in the Green Belt of Fennoscandia (GBF) within Murmansk Region are reviewed and summarized. This territory, important in terms of biodiversity conservation, encompasses 13 operating protected areas, yet remains insufficiently studied. At first, since the mid-19 th century, Finnish scientists played the key role in detecting the cryptogam biota of the GBF. They organized and carried out field surveys, as well as further taxonomic identifications and treatments of individual groups. Later, in the 20 th century, intensive studies of cryptogams were associated with economic developments in the region, the establishment and activities of biological institutions in Murmansk Region: Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute and Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems of the Kola Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, science departments of strict nature reserves. At the beginning of the 21 st century, Forest Research Institute and Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research Centre RAS became involved in the studies. The research mostly focused on the general biodiversity exploration of the territory, but at the same time some new taxa were discovered within various groups of organisms. An analysis of the current state of knowledge shows that algae and fungi in the GBF within Murmansk Region have been studied rather fragmentarily, and the known species composition does not reflect their real diversity. Lichens, mosses and liverworts of the territory have been revealed to a much greater extent. The Pasvik Strict Nature Reserve, the Ainov Islands of Kandalakshsky Strict Nature Reserve, the Nature Park The Rybachy and the Sredny Peninsulas and the regional nature reserve (zakaznik) Kutsa are the best studied areas, and the bulk of the cryptogam diversity of the GBF is concentrated there.

Here we describe Cryptogamic Russian Information System (CRIS), a web service cataloguing the biodiversity of cryptogams: cyanobacteria, fungi (including lichens), and bryophytes. CRIS incorporates a wide spectrum of data types, allowing for greater ease of use. It is possible to print the labels for herbarium collections, to input literature references, media files, etc., using CRIS which has a flexible interface and specific technical abilities. Currently, CRIS contains ~ 90,000 herbarium records, including 67,861 records of bryophytes, 12,486 records of lichens and 3,800 records of cyanobacteria. Data analysis of the different taxonomic groups is provided below. Perspectives and directions for the future development of CRIS are discussed.

В Хибинских горах располагаются три памятника природы, которые были созданы в 1980 году на основании предложений сотрудников Полярно-альпийского ботанического сада-института. Эти территории привлекали внимание ботаников на протяжении XX и начала XXI веков, однако обобщенные сведения об их растительном покрове отсутствовали в литературе. В статье дана краткая характеристика растительности памятников природы регионального значения «Ущелье Айкуайвенчорр», «Криптограммовое ущелье» и «Юкспоррлак», представлены предварительные списки лишайников, цианопрокариот, мхов, печеночников и сосудистых растений. Все три памятника природы имеют сходное число видов в разных группах растений и лишайников, которое колеблется в пределах 1/3–1/2 от их разнообразия в Хибинах и 1/10–1/3 – в Мурманской области в целом. Памятники природы являются часто посещаемыми туристическими объектами и испытывают серьезную рекреационную нагрузку, однако играют важную роль в сохранении биоразнообразия и являются уникальными ботаническими объектами Хибин и Мурманской области.

The diversity and distribution of rare and threatened fungi, lichens, mosses, liverworts and vascular plants listed in the Red Data Books of the Murmansk Region (regionally red-listed) and Russia (nationally red-listed) within the Murmansk part of the Green Belt of Fennoscandia (GBF) are discussed. Records include 261 regionally red-listed species (8 species of fungi, 57 lichens, 31 liverworts, 55 mosses, and 110 vascular plants), i. e. 63.5 % of the total pool of red-listed species, and 17 nationally red-listed species (4 lichens, 5 liverworts, 1 moss and 7 vascular plants). Protected areas harbor 17 of the 30 nationally red-listed species known from the Murmansk Region, and 219 of the 411 regionally red-listed species, proving that protected areas inside GBF play an essential role in nature conservation in the Murmansk Region. The protected areas of greatest conservation significance for a majority of the analyzed groups are the Kutsa Nature Reserve (Zakaznik), Pasvik Stat Nature Reserve and Poluostrova Rybachy and Sredny Nature Park. For 43 red-listed species there are no records from protected areas inside GBF, including such species rare in the Murmansk Region as Peltigera lyngei, Carexatherodes, Botrychium lanceolatum, Lomatogonium rotatum, Draba nivalis, D. lactea, Flaviporus ci-trinellus, Skeletocutis lilacina, Chaenothecopsis fennica, Frullania tamarisci, Scapania simmonsii, Rhabdoweisia fugax, Tortula mucronifolia, Tanacetum bipinnatum, etc.). The priority steps to be taken to secure the preservation of rare and vulnerable species populations are reorganization of the Kutsa Nature Reserve into a Nature Park and alteration of the boundaries of the Poluostrova Rybachy and Sredny Nature Park.

In the Khibiny Mts. there are three nature monuments established in 1980, as suggested by staff of the Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute. These areas attracted the attention of botanists during the 20th and the 21st centuries; however, the description of their plant cover was absent in the literature. The article briefly describes the vegetation of the regional-level nature monuments Aikuaivenchorr Gorge, Kriptogrammovoe Gorge, and Juksporrlak, and provides preliminary checklists of the cyanoprokaryotes, lichens, mosses, liverworts, and vascular plants. All the three nature monuments are characterized by similar numbers of species belonging to different groups of plants and lichens, varying within 1/3-1/2 of their diversity in the Khibiny Mts. and 1/10-1/3 in the Murmansk Region at large. The nature monuments are frequently visited by tourists and therefore significantly affected by recreation. However, they are unique botanic areas essential in terms of biodiversity conservation in the Khibiny Mts. and the Murmansk Region.

Two new liverwort species, Gymnomitrion kamchaticum sp.nov.and Marsupella aleutica sp.nov., are described based on integrative taxonomical approach derived from mor phology, phytogeography and sequence data.Gymnomitrion kamchaticum is morphologically most similar to Gymnomitrion brevissimum, G. mucronulatum and G. pacifi cum, but differs from them by leaf insertion, shape of leaves and leaf cells.Marsupel la aleutica is morphologically somewhat similar to the Holarctic M. emarginata s.l., M. funckii, M. sprucei, M. ustulata and the East Asian M. minutissima and M. pseudofunckii, but differs in leaf shape and occasional presence of a tooth at antical leaf base.K e y w o r d s : Hepaticae,

The annotated list of hepatics of Barents Island (Svalbard archipelago) was compiled based on the collections by Savchenko, literature data and Arne Frisvoll’s collection in TRH. A total of 35 species, three subspecies and four varieties are recorded for Barents Island. Fifteen taxa are listed as new for Barents Island and four taxa are listed as new for Svalbard, including Lophozia silvicola, Lophozia subapiculata, Preissia quadrata subsp. hyperborea and Lophoziopsis excisa var. elegans. A new combination Trilophozia quinquedentata var. turgida is made. Annotations to the species include distribution, description of habitats, and some morphological characteristics of the studied specimens. Peculiarities of the hepatic flora of the island and the distribution in Svalbard are discussed.

The paper provides a list of 54 species of bryophytes (48 mosses and six liverworts) collected from Spitsbergen, the largest island of the Arctic Svalbard archipelago (Norwegian Arctic), in 2016. They were collected mainly from its southeastern coast (Sørkapp Land and Torell Land), which has been rapidly abandoned by glaciers in the last few decades and is heavily under-investigated bryologically. The most interesting and phytogeographically important findings are the mosses Bryum salinum, Campylium longicuspis, Coscinodon cribrosus, Orthogrimmia sessitana, Pogonatum dentatum, Polytrichum juniperinum, Sanionia georgicouncinata, Schistidium frigidum, and S. pulchrum, and the liverwort Cephalozia bicuspidata. For each species, a short taxonomic and phytogeographical comment is provided, and the distribution of 12 rare or otherwise phytogeographically interesting species in Svalbard is shown on maps.