泌阳凹陷王集地区发育复杂断块、断层岩性油藏,且已进入勘探开发中后期,现有地震资料核三上段低序级断层的断面不清,不能满足油气勘探开发需求.在开发地震采集方案设计时,充分考虑王集地区构造特征及前期地震采集因素,采用基于融合处理的设计理念,应用地震数值模拟技术优选观测系统参数,基于叠前成像需求的波动方程对观测系统面元属性进行对比分析,确定了小面元、高覆盖、宽方位开发地震采集方案.依据该开发地震设计方案施工,采集到的地震资料波场信息丰富,地震剖面信噪比与分辨率明显改善,提高了小断层、小断块、微幅度构造及断层-岩性油藏识别能力,发现和落实了多个含油圈闭.

There existed 2 sets of coal seams on the top of Jurassic sedimentary strata in Yining Depression of Yili Basin,where multiples were well developed and interfered each other with underlying reflection planes.It greatly impacted the quality of the target zones.Based on forward modeling,it presented a new design method of seismic acquisition geometry to suppress multiple wave interference.It could improve the energy of seismic wave and the signal-to-noise ratio of the deep reflection.The result shows that changing the acquisition parameters,i.e.reducing the receiver interval,increasing the spread length and improving the fold are favorable for suppressing the time difference between the primaries and multiples and improving signal to noise ratio of deep reflection.

The exploration of oil and gas in Baiqiu Area of Nanyang Depression was to search for lithologic and structural reservoirs,the lateral resolution and the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data were highly required.By theoretical research on the seismic wave propagation property under the complex media conditions,and guiding by wave equation and others new design technologic theory,a 3-D observation system with high accuracy was quantitatively evaluated,and based on the geological requirements,it was designed accurately and the parameters were demonstrated.Under complex media conditions,an observation system is designed according to the wave equation forward simulation and the surface demonstration,which could meet the requirements of the pre-stack migration treatment and lithologic interpretation at the initial stage of data acquisition design for a high precision of 3D seismic exploration in the area.The acquisition footprint is reduced for the purpose of improving imaging precision.Seeing from the data acquisition profile in the area,the wave combination property is obvious,fault plain is clear high signal-to-noise ratio and the new acquisition data can meet the research demands of the structures of the fault block groups.

针对泌阳凹陷北部复杂断块群,采用保护浅层反射三维地震采集技术,开展高精度三维地震采集,获得的地震资料质量较原资料有明显的改善。此方法为落实小断块及地层不整合圈闭打下了良好的基础,达到了预期的勘探效果,新增探明储量5000万吨。

The bin-divisible 3D geometry can produces‘sub-bin'(small bin) by adopting a bigger group interval and shot point interval, while may leading to some problems,including minimum offset between adjacent bins increasing,the distribution of azimuth non-uniform, even the spatial wave field appearing intense skipping,etc, which impacts the seismic data acquisition result.Aiming at above problems,by using two examples,we describe the forming principles of‘sub-bin'in two bin-divisible 3D geometry(including odd/ even 3D geometry and bin-subdivision 3D geometry),analyze the reasons for causing the above problems and their influence on data quality.The result shows that bin-divisible 3D geometry cannot obtain good effect with less investment.

焉耆盆地西部,地表主要为岩石裸露区、戈壁区和巨厚低降速带区,接收和激发条件都较差,地下为逆冲推覆带,构造复杂,是地震勘探困难地区.以往在该区进行了多次地震勘探,解决不了推覆带的构造成像问题,本次二维地震勘探利用射线追踪理论的正演模拟方法,研究不同采集参数对构造成像的影响,结合试验资料的定量分析,确定激发井深、药量,使地震采集参数更加合理.采集资料经处理,推覆体成像清晰,逆冲断点、断面清楚.

阿北、顺北地区位于塔北坳陷区的西部,地表、地下结构复杂,是塔里木盆地典型的低信噪比地区.该区以往的地震剖面品质差,主要目的层埋藏深且岩性致密,各层之间速度接近,层间反射系数小,资料中深层信噪比低.为了清晰成像中深层内幕,对采集方法进行了深入研究.首先根据已知资料建立地质模型,从地震采集设计入手,采用MOFLS模型正演的方法分析以往地震勘探存在问题,然后确定观测系统,以经济可行的方法确定获取更多地下目的层有效反射波资料的最佳排列长度,同时运用野外采集"现场质量监控一体化"技术.新采集的资料质量有了较大提高,达到了采集攻关的需要.