Based on the experimental determination of the retention indices of the methylpyridines, the retention indices of six dimethyl and trimethyl pyridine derivatives have been determined with good accuracy by taking into account the nonadditive change of the energy of sorption of methylene groups.

The composition of the terpenoid and sesquiterpene hydrocarbon fraction ofSalvia garedzhii has been studied by chromato-mass spectrometry. A total of 19 compounds have been identified and a provisional assignment of another 6 components has been made.

An identification procedure for the components of essential oils, which frequently belong to the terpenoid series, is proposed based on gas—liquid chromatography—mass spectrometry. The basis of the method is a literature search with using the intensity ratio of the characteristic fragment ions in the mass spectrum and Kováts' indices. Essential oils of Salvia garedznii and Ocimum gratissimum were studied.

Azines of benzyl alkyl ketones undergo cyclization in the presence of strong basic catalysts to give mixtures of compounds of the pyrrole and pyrazole series. The formation of pyrazole products probably proceeds via the scheme of the Fischer reaction taking into account the concept of a [3,3] sigmatropic shift. However, the presence of nitriles and hydrocarbons among the products of the reaction of pyrazole derivatives indicates the ambiguous character of the proposed scheme. The rearrangement of azines to pyrazole compounds probably proceeds through a step involving the formation of a carbanion, while the formation of nitriles and hydrocarbons can be explained by radical processes. The dependence of the ratio of the pyrolysis products (pyrrole/pyrazole) on the amount of catalyst and its basicity (LiH, NaH, KH, NaOH, KOH, PhOK, and CH3OK) makes it possible to assume that the occurrence of the reaction through a step involving a [3,3] shift is realized thermally and that small amounts of the catalyst promote the realization of this reaction pathway; however, a high percentage of the catalyst and the use of the most basic catalysts lead to an increase in the yields of the pyrazole products.

AbstractDie gaschromatographischen Charakteristiken (Retentionszeit, Kovach‐Index) der Verbindungen (I) sind tabellarisch zusammengestellt.

AbstractBei der Fischerschen Indolkondensation der Phenylhydrazone (I) bilden sich Gemische der Indole (II) und (III), in denen gewöhnlich das 4‐Isomere (II) überwiegt und bei denen das Verhältnis der beiden Isomeren zueinander in Abhängigkeit von der Art des verwendeten Katalysators, Zinkchlorid, 30%ige Schwefelsäure, konzentrierte Salzsäure, Polyphosphorsäure und Borfluorid= ätherat, etwas schwankt.

AbstractBei der Fischer‐Cyclisierung der Phenylhydrazone (I) in Gegenwart verschiedener Katalysatoren wie Zinkchlorid, einer l0%igen Lösung von Schwefelsäure in Äthanol, Polyphosphorsäure, einer l0%igen Lösung von Sulfosalicylsäure in 50%igem Äthanol, Borfluoridätherat in Eisessig oder einer Lösung von Chlorwasserstoff in Äthanol bei Temperaturen von 100, 120 und 180°C bilden sich die isomeren Indole (II) und (III) in verschiedenen Mengenverhältnissen, die von der Art des Katalysators und von der Elektronegativität des Substituenten im Benzolkem abhängen.

AbstractBei der Cyclisierung des Hydrazons (I) nach Fischer mit verschiedenen Katalysatoren wie Zinkchlorid, Kupfer(I)‐chlorid, Schwefelsäure, Chlorwasserstoff, Polyphosphorsäure, Sulfosalicylsäure oder Borfluoridätherat in Äthanol oder Eisessig entstehen in Ausbeuten von 16 ‐ 91% stets Gemische der beiden isomeren Verbindungen, wobei das Verhältnis zwischen 1:1 und 3:4 liegt.