在实施“人才强国”发展战略的背景下,本文借助始于1999年的高校扩招这一外生政策冲击构造准自然实验,首次采用双重差分法评估人力资本扩张对我国城市制造业出口升级的因果效应.研究发现:(1)高校扩招带来的人力资本扩张有效推动了出口升级,2000～2006年间出口升级中约有30％的部分可由人力资本扩张来解释.(2)升级效应形成机制在于,人力资本显著提升了城市的劳动者技能水平,在此基础上,技能劳动的“要素集聚”和“技术载体”功能共同推动了出口技术复杂度的上升.其中,“要素集聚”功能体现为人力资本引发资源在城市制造业内部不同出口产品间的优化再配置,深入到企业层面,出口升级源自出口企业的动态调整;“技术载体”功能体现为人力资本对技术进步的诱发效应,主要通过促进技术研发和更高质量中间投入品的进口实现.(3)人力资本扩张对于初始技术基础好、人力资本相对物质资本更为缺乏以及市场化水平高的城市的升级效应更突出.本文研究能够为准确理解人力资本推动我国出口升级的效应及机制提供有力的经验证据.

In order to evaluate the quality of organic tea,one kind of organic tea and three kinds of tea produced in Jiangsu(Green tea 1,Green tea 2,Green tea 3) were used for samples,and tartaric acid iron colorimetric method,vanilla aroma colorimetric method,high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry(ICP) were used respectively to detect the contents of tea polyphenols,catechins,heavy metals and free amino acids.The results showed that the total contents of tea polyphenols and catechins in organic tea were 17.55% and 12.90%,which were less than Green tea 3;free amino acids was 17.55 mg/g,which were lower than Green tea 1 and higher than Green tea 2 and Green tea 3;heavy metal contents in organic tea was under the national standard and industry standard,and significantly below the other three kinds of tea.In general,the quality of organic tea is good.

Develops a kind of intrusion detect rules base management system based on Web, makes it can add, delete, activate, update the rules base, gets the snort alarm information in time, and makes some statistics, according to the analysis result, adds the corresponding firewall rules, so as to prevent network intrusion.

An eco-effi cient organization is a kind of production or service organization which has eco-effi ciency. In order to make prof it, it's a prerequisite for an eco-efficient organization to produce and serve meanwhile reducing consumption of resources and reverse in? uence to environment. Eco-effi cient organization has special connotation and its economical meaning of developing is to transform from the second-rate effi ciency to the fi rst-rate effi ciency. Besides factories and company groups, the classes of eco-effi cient organization still have agricultural eco-effi cient organizations that have characteristics of peasants saving water and fertilizing fi elds, eco-effi cient organizations of reverse logistics, eco-industrial parks -----eco-effi cient industries basing on large regions and so on.