Literature data on methods of modification of industrially produced polymeric materials have been analyzed.It is established that among the priority directions of development of material science for tribological systems is the development of the method of modification of thermoplastic matrices of industrial production with functional components that contribute to the inhibition of unfavorable processes leading to the destruction of the surface layer of products.The features of the structure and parameters of the characteristics of composite materials based on thermoplastic matrices of industrial production, modified by oligomers of cross-linking resins of various composition and synthesis technology are considered.It has been shown that the introduction of a methyl derivative of dimethylvinylethynylphenol VD grade, phenol-formaldehyde resin oligomer, FA monomer (a mixture of furfurylideneacetone and difurfurylideneacetone in a ratio of 4:1), oligoimides of unsaturated dicarboxylic acids into the composition of polyamide 6 and polytetrafluoroethylene, makes it possible to achieve a synergistic effect of increasing the parameters of stress-strain and tribological characteristics in the implementation of the thermomechanical modification technology, as well as resistance of composites to thermal oxidation.The effect is due to the interaction of the atomic groups of oligomers with the active groups of the macromolecule and the process of cross-linking of oligomeric components, which leads to the formation of a cross-linked structure with increased resistance to the effects of operational factors.Composites based on aliphatic polyamides and polytetrafluoroethylene, modified with imidecontaining compounds, with increased performance parameters, have been developed and recommended as functional materials for the manufacture of products for automotive units, sealing and shut-off valves of technological equipment for the production of compressed and liquefied media

Цель настоящего исследования заключается в разработке научных основ реализации стратегии инновационного развития белорусского производственного комплекса в рамках концепта устойчивого социально-экономического развития. Авторами в процессе достижения исследовательской цели рассмотрена методология интеллектуального обеспечения национальной экономической безопасности, основанная на создании интеграционных кластерных структур научных, образовательных и промышленных организаций, обеспечивающих разработку интеллектуального потенциала для создания новых высокоэффективных материалов, технологий их получения и переработки в функциональные изделия и эксплуатации. Ключевым аспектом предложенной авторской методологии является внедрение направленного технологического воздействия, разработанного на основе комплексных научных исследований, которое позволяет производить функциональные товарные продукты, осуществлять рециклинг остаточных материалов, используемых в процессе производства и эксплуатации, а также регенерацию изделий и утилизацию экологически безопасных продуктов в окружающей среде. Предложенная методология позволяет формировать жизненные циклы инновационной продукции в рамках концепта устойчивого социально-экономического развития при реализации экологического императива, то есть без нанесения экологического ущерба окружающей среде, сохраняя ее для обеспечения жизнедеятельности последующих поколений. Полученные выводы могут быть применены в контексте повышения экологической устойчивости экономики России. The purpose of this study is to develop the scientific foundations for the implementation of the strategy of innovative development of the Belarusian industrial complex within the framework of the concept of sustainable socio-economic development. In the process of achieving the research goal, the authors considered the methodology of intellectual provision of national economic security, based on the creation of integration cluster structures of scientific, educational and industrial organizations that ensure the development of intellectual potential for the creation of new highly efficient materials, technologies for their production and processing into functional products and operation. A key aspect of the proposed author's methodology is the introduction of targeted technological impact, developed on the basis of comprehensive scientific research, which allows the production of functional commercial products, recycling of residual materials used in the production and operation process, as well as the regeneration of products and the disposal of environmentally friendly products in the environment. The proposed methodology makes it possible to form the life cycles of innovative products within the framework of the concept of sustainable socio-economic development in the implementation of the ecological imperative, that is, without causing environmental damage to the environment, preserving it to ensure the vital activity of subsequent generations. The findings can be applied in the context of improving the environmental sustainability of the Russian economy.

Results of the experimental studies on the development of the compositions of composite tribotechnical materials based on polytetrafluoroethylene modified with imide-containing reagents with enhanced parameters of the stress–strain and tribotechnical characteristics and conventional production and processing technology are presented. The developed compositions can be used for the fabrication of products for structural and tribotechnical use applied in the friction joints of machines, mechanisms, and process equipment without external lubrication.

Structural and technological aspects of obtaining composite materials based on polytetrafluoroethylene are considered. It is shown that due to the manifestation of the inertness of the components in the processes of interfacial interaction with an increase in the degree of filling, within the framework of the traditional technological paradigm, a structural paradox is realized. This paradox consists in a proportional decrease in the tensile strength parameter of fluorocomposites with an increase in their degree of filling. Based on the concept of energy and technological compliance of components, technological principles for eliminating the negative impact of the structural paradox by controlling the structure of fluorine composites at various levels of organization: molecular, supramolecular, phase and interfacial are proposed. Efficient methods have been developed for manufacturing products from highly filled fluorine composites containing 25–35% (wt.) carbon fiber and having parameters of stress-strain characteristics that are 1.5–2.0 times higher than the parameters of the analogues "Flubon", "Fluvis".

The conceptual directions of creating functional composites based on polymer matrices for metal–polymer systems are considered. An algorithm has been developed to develop a methodology for the implementation of the nanostate phenomenon in materials science and technology of composites and metal–polymer systems. The methodological principles of the implementation of the nanostate phenomenon in materials science and the technology of functional materials based on polymer matrices for metal–polymer systems with high performance characteristics are proposed.

Methodological approaches to the implementation of the nanostate phenomenon in the formation of the optimal structure of composite materials and metal-polymer systems at different levels of organization have been developed. The concept of energy and technological conformity of the components of functional composite materials and systems is proposed. This concept consists in ensuring the parameters of composite materials energy characteristics adequate to the value of the activation energy of the prevailing structural process, which determines the optimal parameters of stress-strain, adhesion and tribotechnical properties under technological influences on the components in the process of obtaining composite and its processing. The concept has been tested in the development of nanocomposites based on industrial polymer matrices, which surpass analogues in terms of service properties.

Рассмотрены предпосылки формирования особого энергетического состояния компонентов полимерных композитов, обеспечивающего достижение повышенных деформационно-прочностных, триботехнических и адгезионных характеристик композиционных материалов и изделий на основе полимерных, олигомерных и смесевых матриц.Предложен принцип энергетического и технологического соответствия компонентов, под которым понимается возможность достижения совокупного энергетического состояния, которое соответствует энергии

It is investigated features of phase structure of metal-polymeric nanocomposite based on thermoplastic matrices. Effect of realization of reversible phase transition “nanometal - high-molecular metal-containing compound” which determines hardening, wear and thermal-oxidative degradation mechanisms is established.

The structure of the bulk crystals allow to determine the habit of the nanocrystales on their base only as a source point. It is impossible to neglect the size, form and influence of surface. The liquids surface relatively quickly passes to equilibrium form when free energy is minimum. Debye’s temperature is rather arbitrary parameter. Its determination is based on some approach. However this parameter is introduced to the reference books and is broadly used in the crystal physics. Proposed strategy allows defining habit maximum size of nanoparticles on the base well known physics representations. The L–value is determined the bounder between sizes where it can be done value description and where it’s necessary to take into account the particle sizes.

Features of the structure of blends obtained by thermomechanical blending of thermoplastic components with different molecular structure are considered. The possibility of formation of structures with different levels of ordering (from heterophase structure with a pronounced boundary between the components to the macrogomogeneous structure with high compatibility of matrix and modifying components) is shown. Under injection of nanosize particles with different chemical composition into the blends, a synergistic effect of simultaneously increasing the parameters of tensile stress-strain and tribotechnical characteristics of items and its resistance to thermal oxidation is achieved. Nanosize particles in the active state perform the function of a physical compatibilizer, forming a cross-linked structure with physical bonds in the volume of the composite. The engineering nanoblends with increased performance parameters have been developed.

The composite materials based on polymer and oligomer blends with different thermodynamic compatibility have been developed. It is shown that for polymer and oligomer blends of products formed as result of the thermogasdynamic synthesis of fluorine-containing compounds, the ability of oligomeric matrix to multiply deformation and alternating transfer is the most important. In polymer-polymer systems formed in a melt by various technologies the most important factor is the structure of the boundary layers determining the parameters of the stress-strain and tribological characteristics of the composites. The effect of physical compatibilization during the introduction of nanoscale metal-containing and carbon-containing particles into the blend compositions has been established. This effect promotes the thermodynamic compatibility and resistance to the action of thermal-oxidative medium on composites.

This paper describes directions of realization of the multilevel modification principle in materials science and technology of polymer composite materials based on thermoplastics. It is shown that the introduction of nanoscale particles of different structures and production technologies into the composition of the composite makes it possible to transform the structure at various organization levels, which leads to the achievement of a synergistic effect of increasing the parameters of deformation-strength, tribotechnical characteristics and resistance to the action of thermal-oxidative medium. One of the perspective technologies of the nanomodifiers introduction into the composite material is the diffusion treatment of components and products in precursor solutions. Mixture of composite materials with increased parameters of performance characteristics for use in engineering, chemical and mineral resource industries have been developed.

The preconditions of forming a structural paradox within the existing technological paradigm, which manifests itself in reducing the parameters of strength and tribological characteristics of composite materials based on polytetrafluoroethylene when administered in their composition of fillers and modifiers of different composition and geometry when the content of 15-20 wt. % Established effects of forming the structural conditions derating improved performance due to the formation of cluster structure of the binder particles (PTFE) and the modifier. The effective technological methods to ensure reducing the likelihood of cluster components in the manufacturing process of highly composites with a filler content of 20-35 wt. %. The technology of producing high-strength wear-resistant fluorine composites, 1.5-20 times superior to common parameters analogues produced under the trademarks Flubon, Fluvis, Superfluvis.. We consider the effective use of highly fluorine composites in mechanical engineering, chemical industry and energy.

The impact of microwave radiation and heat treatment on the structure, morphology, and physical and mechanical properties of diamond-like coatings is studied; recrystallization of the coating structure is revealed. It is ascertained that microwave irradiation of diamond-like coatings changes their physical and mechanical properties.

We have used IR spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction to study "mechanocomposites" obtained by joint mechanical activation of polymers (polyamide, Sevilen, and poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone) with nanosized silicon dioxide in a highenergy ball mill. We have established that for < 10 wt.% polymer in the initial mixture, mechanocomposites are formed with chemical bonding between components via bridges of adsorbed water.

The products of the joint mechanical activation of kaolinite with polymers (Sevilen, poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone and polyamide PA-6) in a high-energy ball mill were studied by means of IR spectroscopy and Xray phase analysis. It was established that for definite polymer content of the initial mixture the mechanochemical interaction of kaolinite with polymer occurs, and the chemical bond is formed between them.

Mechanical activation of the inorganic polymer fl int and its mixtures with sevilen and polyamide polymers and SiO2 nanoparticles was studied using IR spectroscopy and x-ray phase analysis. It was found that active acidic centers appeared on the fl int surface during mechanical activation. Adsorbed water did not form H-bonds to them. Sevilen reacted with fl int during mechanical activation. SiO2 nanoparticles did not affect mechanical activation of flint. Polyamide did not react mechanochemically with flint, in contrast with sevilen.