The possibilities of studying the reaction yields of ^13 C (γ,p)^12 B, ^14 N (γ,2p)^12 B, and ^14 N (γ,2n)^12 N through measurements of induced ( ^12 B, ^12 N) activities with thin Δ E detector telescopes in temporal intervals between electron accelerator pulses have been analyzed. Estimates for the production of ( ^12 B, ^12 N) nuclei and registration of their decay are provided, taking into account the parameters of the electron beam, Ta radiator, irradiated targets made of graphite or NH _4 NO _3 , and telescopes of plastic scintillation Δ E detectors.

The issues are considered for studying the yields of the reactions 13C(γ, p)12B, 14N(γ, 2p)12B, and 14N(γ, 2n)12N with measuring (12B, 12N)-activity by telescopes of ΔE-detectors in time between electron accelerator pulses. For the chosen radiators and targets, the fluxes, and spectra of irradiating bremsstrahlung γ-quanta are found. The influence of the parameters of targets and telescopes of ΔE-detectors on production of (12B, 12N)-nuclei and registration of their decay is estimated.

The possibilities are analyzed for studying the yields of reactions 13C(𝛾, 𝑝) 12B, 14N(𝛾, 2𝑝) 12B, 14N(𝛾, 2𝑛) 12N by measuring the induced (12B, 12N)-activity with telescopes of thin Δ𝐸–detector in time intervals between electron accelerator pulses. For production of (12B, 12N)- nuclei and registration of their decay, estimates are given taking into account the parameters of the electron beam, Ta–radiator and irradiated targets made from graphite or NH4NO3, as well as the parameters of scintillation Δ𝐸 detector telescopes made from thin plastic plates.

The authors discuss problems of studying the yields of the reactions 13 C(γ, p ) 12 B, 14 N(γ, 2 p ) 12 B, and 14 N(γ, 2 n ) 12 N with ( 12 B, 12 N) activity measured by the telescopes of Δ E detectors in the intervals between electron accelerator pulses. The fluxes and spectra of irradiating bremsstrahlung γ-quanta are found for chosen radiators and targets. The effect the parameters of targets and telescopes of Δ E detectors have on the production of ( 12 B, 12 N) nuclei and the registration of their decay is estimated.

For multisectional traveling wave linear electron accelerators, the acceleration of positrons from an electron-bombarded intersectional converter target is considered by comparison of the model with an experiment. For the accelerated positrons and their energy spectra, the dependence of maxima of these spectra on the initial phase shift of a microwave (which accelerates the positrons) and on the energy of accelerated positrons and the phase distributions of these positrons are obtained. The spectra of the initial positron energies are found, which are essential in obtaining the accelerated positron current at the maximum of their spectrum. To study giant resonances in atomic nuclei, the efficiencies of obtaining positrons with and without their acceleration at electron LINACs are compared.

The photonuclear technology for explosive detection is based on the recording of the decays of short-lived 12 B and 12 N isotopes. These radionuclides are formed in reactions on 14 N and 13 C nuclei under effect of irradiation by high-energy gamma quanta. Carbon and nitrogen are found in the composition of all explosives. We can obtain the information for the identification of the explosives based on the time spectra of the signals of isotope decays after the pulsed irradiation of the object. The operational parameters of the detectors for baggage screening and humanitarian demining were obtained by computer simulation. We developed a laboratory unit consisting of a 55-MeV racetrack microtron, 250-L Cherenkov water counter, and VME standard electronics to study the technology. The experimental results obtained using this equipment are discussed.

A pulsed 55-MeV race-track microtron that was developed and constructed jointly at the Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University and the Lebedev Physical Institute with the participation of Moscow Engineering Physics Institute is described. The results of calculations of the beam dynamics and the main elements of the accelerator are presented, their design is described, and the results of their measurements and adjustment are presented. The technique and results of the accelerator commissioning are described.

Doses of ionizing radiation generated by a luggage simulator are measured. The luggage simulator is irradiated under conditions that occur when luggage is inspected by photonuclear detectors for explosive materials. It is shown that the ionizing radiation caused by induced radiation is not dangerous either to passengers or to airport stuff.

Были измерены дозы ионизирующего излучения от имитаторов багажа авиапассажиров после их облучения в условиях, соответствующих облучению при прохождении досмотра в фотоядерном детекторе взрывчатых веществ. Показано, что ионизирующее излучение, обусловленное наведенной активностью, не представляет опасности ни для населения, ни для персонала аэропорта.

The activity of 18 F that was produced in the 23 Na(γ,α n ) 18 F reaction with the maximum bremsstrahlung energy E b = 55 MeV was measured.