Parameters of serially produced and being developed multi-beam klystrons (MBK) for particle accelerators are given. Some specific applications are described.

In our report we describe MBK application in four types of new generation compact electron accelerators which could not be built with their parameters using other type klystrons

We describe here a 1.497GHz multi-beam klystron with up to 13kW of continuous output power, greater than 60% efficiency, and stable linear operation at ∼10% below saturation, whose design is based on direct extrapolation from klystrons operating in our electron accelerators. The beam perveance is individually adjusted with a zero-current control-electrode gun to match the parameters of a specific application, such as superconducting accelerating structures. The 18 beams are guided through six toroidal cavities, five operating at the fundamental and one at the 2nd harmonic, by a reverse periodic permanent magnet focusing system.

We describe here the design, construction, and commissioning of a compact 70MeV RaceTrack Microtron.

Here we describe a racetrack microtron that provides electron beams at 12 energies from 4.85 to 34.2MeV with ∼150pC/bunch in ∼5ps bunches having ∼10mm mrad normalized transverse emittance. Our compact, inexpensive accelerator in addition to its external electron beams can generate electromagnetic radiation from ∼3mm to ∼0.3nm by a variety of mechanisms.

We consider using a compact pulsed Race-Track Microtron as an economical source of 30-40 MeV electron bunches with a charge/bunch of similar to 100 pC and bunch lengths of similar to 1 ps having low transverse emittance. The RTM has several advantages over a LINear ACcelerator in this application including being more compact and requiring much less Radio Frequency power. We use permanent magnets, which further increase the RTM compactness and efficiency and provide the final bunch compression at the end of acceleration. Of the factors that can limit the RTM accelerated charge/bunch, we pay special attention to the Coherent Synchrotron Radiation because the bunch wake field, which appears in the bends, can unacceptably increase the longitudinal and transverse emittance. We present our beam dynamics calculation results.

We have designed, built, and begun commissioning our compact 70 MeV Race-Track Microtron (RTM), which includes Rare-Earth Permanent Magnet dipoles, a narrow rectangular accelerating structure with Radio-Frequency Quadrupole focusing, and a pre-bunched electron gun beam injected through a compact fixed-gradient REPM /spl alpha/-magnet. Here we reprise the accelerator design and present commissioning results to date.

We have designed a family of compact and modular continuous wave electron linear accelerators that produce 50 mA beams with energies from 0.6 to 10 MeV in increments of 600 keV for industrial, medical, and environmental irradiation applications. Here we report on the performance of our two-section 1.2 MeV/60 kW prototype.

Our RaceTrack Microtron will produce electron beams with energies up to 35 MeV, ~5 mm×mrad normalized emittance, bunch charge in excess of 150 pC, and rates up to 150 Hz. Its 5 MeV injector consists of a 1.6 MeV Radio-Frequency laser stimulated photocathode electron gun and a 3.4 MeV linac. We describe the injector and RF-system performance, as well as the beam diagnostics

The continuing high profile food poisoning incidents are beginning to attract food processors using electron and γ-ray sterilization technologies. The present method of choice uses radioactive isotopes but high-power electron particle accelerators are proving an increasingly attractive alternative. We are developing a family of compact industrial continuous wave linear accelerators which produce electrons with energies from 600 keV in increments of ∼600 keV and with beam power of 30 kW increasing in increments of 30 kW. Here, we describe the performance of our 1st section that accelerates 15 keV gun electrons to relativistic energies and then we sketch the design of the less demanding subsequent sections that we are now constructing.

Any technique that can detect nitrogen concentrations can screen for concealed explosives. However, such a technique would have to be insensitive to metal, both encasing and incidental. If images of the nitrogen concentrations could be captured, then, since form follows function, a robust screening technology could be developed. However these images would have to be sensitive to the surface densities at or below that of the nitrogen contained in buried anti-personnel mines or of the SEMTEX that brought down Pan Am 103, similar to 200 g. Although the ability to image in three-dimensions would somewhat reduce false positives, capturing collateral images of carbon and oxygen would virtually assure that nitrogenous non-explosive material like fertilizer, Melmac(R) dinnerware, and salami could be eliminated. We are developing such an instrument, the Nitrogen Camera, which has met experimentally these criteria with the exception of providing oxygen images, which awaits the availability of a sufficiently energetic light source. Our Nitrogen Camera technique uses an electron accelerator to produce photonuclear reactions whose unique decays it registers. Clearly if our Nitrogen Camera is made mobile, it could be effective in detecting buried mines, either in an active battlefield situation or in the clearing of abandoned military munitions. Combat operations require that a swathe the width of an armored vehicle, 5 miles deep, be screened in an hour, which is within our camera's scanning speed. Detecting abandoned munitions is technically easier as it is free from the onerous speed requirement. We describe here our Nitrogen Camera and show its 180 pixel intensity images of elemental nitrogen in a. 200 g mine simulant and in a 125 g stick of SEMTEX. We also report on our progress in creating a lorry transportable 70 MeV electron racetrack microtron, the principal enabling technology that will allow our Nitrogen Camera to be deployed in the field. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

We describe a nuclear technique, the Nitrogen Camera, with which we have produced images of elemental nitrogen in concentrations and with surface, densities typical of buried plastic anti-personnel mines. We have, under laboratory conditions, obtained images of nitrogen in amounts substantially less than in these small 200g mines. We report our progress in creating the enabling technology to make the Nitrogen Camera a field deployable instrument: A mobile 70 MeV electron racetrack microtron and scintillator/semiconductor materials and the detectors based on them.

We have designed a family of new continuous wave linear accelerators for electron-based industrial, medical, and environmental irradiation applications. Our ten reliable, small, inexpensive high-power modular accelerators will produce beams with energies from 0.6 to 6.0 MeV in increments of 600 keV, each with a current selectable from O to 50 mA. We have constructed the critical gun-1st section model, which has undergone the first beam test. We have achieved beam parameters of 600 keV, 10 mA, and 6 kW and we have demonstrated all the innovations of our initial design

We have designed a compact linear accelerator injected pulsed racetrack microtron to produce /spl sim/150 pC/bunch, 5/spl pi/ mm/spl times/mrad normalized transverse emittance, 5 ps bunch electron beams with energy selectable between 5 and 35 MeV in 2.5 MeV increments.

We consider using a compact pulsed race-track microtron as an economical source of 30-40 MeV electron bunches with a charge/bunch of similar to 100 pC and bunch lengths of similar to 1 ps having low transverse emittance. The RTM has several advantages over a linar accelerator in this application including being more compact and requiring much less radio frequency power. We use permanent magnets which further increase the compactness and efficiency and provide the final bunch compression at the end of acceleration. Of the factors that can limit the RTM accelerated charge/bunch, we pay special attention to the coherent synchrotron radiation because the bunch wake field, which appears in the bends, can unacceptably increase the longitudinal and transverse emittance. We present our beam dynamics calculation results.

Motivated by our need for a light source for our Nitrogen and Carbon Cameras, we have designed and are building a rugged compact 70 MeV RaceTrack Microtron (RTM) with simplified beam optics and tuning, improved beam parameters, and decreased capital and operating costs. The principal innovations that permit this are rare earth permanent bending magnets and a narrow rectangular biperiodic accelerating focusing structure. We describe here our machine as optimized using beam dynamics simulations.

We investigate a compact, pulsed racetrack microtron as an energy amplifier and bunch compressor to produce bunch charges of similar to 100 pC in beams with a peak current of similar to 30 A or more having longitudinal emittance of 50 keV x deg and transverse emittance of 5-15 pi mm x mrad with energies from 5 to 35 MeV selectable in 2.5 MeV steps. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.