目的 了解农村外出务工人员对重点传染病防治知识的认知水平及其健康行为的相关现状,为制定流动人口传染病健康教育对策及管理办法提供依据.方法 采用自行设计的调查表,对四川省的581名农村外出务工人员进行传染病防治知识的问卷调查.结果 重点传染病防治知识知晓率最低为艾滋病的预防措施11.88％.其次是正确区分是否为传染病(12.56％)、我国对肺结核的检查和治疗有免费政策(16.01％)和乙肝的传播途径(17.56％).在健康行为持有率中最低为在性生活时经常使用安全套者为12.22％.农村外出务工人员在“吃饭前经常洗手”、“咳嗽或打喷嚏时经常捂住口鼻”、“把痰吐在手绢、卫生纸、痰盂或厕所里”行为持有率分别为39.59％、31.67％和79.17％.结论 农村外出务工人员重点传染病知识知晓率参差不齐,总体偏低,健康行为形成率有待进一步提高,应该有针对性的对其进行健康教育.

目的 调查了解农村外出务工人员对重点传染病预防知识的认知水平,并分析其相关影响因素,为开展有针对性的重点传染病预防提供科学依据. 方法 采用自行设计的调查表,对四川省581名农村外出务工人员进行重点传染病防治知识的问卷调查. 结果 调查显示能正确区分传染病的农村外出务工人员仅占12.56％,能正确回答艾滋病三大传播途径(血液传播途径、性传播途径、母婴传播途径)的有155人,占26.68％;仅有17.56％的调查对象完全知道乙肝的传播途径;肺结核的临床症状知晓率较高,占73.49％.影响农村外出务工人员重点传染病认知水平的因素主要有年龄(P＜0.05)、文化程度(P＜0.01). 结论 农村外出务工人员对各种传染病防治知识及相关政策的认知水平均较低,卫生部门应加强对其传染病预防知识的普及教育,以降低传染病的发病率,从而提高其健康水平.

Objective To learn prevention literacy of infectious disease of the rural migrant workers, and to provide a scientific basis for carrying out targeted prevention of infectious diseases. Methods Self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate 581 of the rural migrant workers who returned home during the Spring Festival in Sichuan Province. Results The score of prevention literacy of infectious disease of the rural migrant workers 20.62±6.72, accounting for 62.64% of full marks. The score on related knowledge of infectious disease was 15.64±6.20, accounting for 60.15% of full marks. The score of health behavior was 4.98±1.57, divide accounting for 71.14% of full marks. Conclusion Prevention literacy of infectious disease of the rural migrant workers is low, and the governments at all levels should give highly attention, strengthen intervention, formulate corresponding policies and measures to control infectious disease incidence in the rural migrant workers to improve their quality of life and health level.

Objective:To investigate the eating habits of rural residents in high-incidence area of esophageal cancer and their cognition of esophageal caner,and provide service for the prevention of cancer.Methods: Rural stay-at-home residents aged over 20 years were surveyed in 4 towns from Yanting county and Nanbu county,using a self-administrated questionnaire on their eating habits and cognition of esophageal cancer.Results: In recent 1 year,43.8%,72.4%,54.3% residents in high-incidence areas of esophageal cancer ate little amount of sauerkraut,pickle,sour vegetable,respectively.17.9% residents understood or distinctly understood esophageal cancer.17.9% residents understood or distinctly understood the local area was high-incidence area of esophageal cancer.7.1%,19.9%,5.7%,3.0%,1.7% residents understood or distinctly understood the common etiological factors,symptoms,therapeutic measures,preventive measures,intervention measures of esophageal cancer,respectively.Conclusion: The living conditions of rural residents in high-incidence area of esophageal cancer were obviously improved,but the propaganda of anticancer and prevention of esophageal cancer should be strengthened,especially in their cognition of esophageal caner.