为科学有效地了解峰峰矿区岩溶地下水的均衡状态和用水规划实施后未来(2018～2025年)地下水动态变化,通过构建地下水流数值模型(visual modflow模拟程序)和ARIMA降水量预测模型(R语言软件),对研究区岩溶地下水资源量和水位动态变化进行模拟和预测.结果表明,现状开采条件下,峰峰矿区岩溶地下水多年平均补给量为8726.62万m3/a,排泄量为8937.96万m3/a,均衡差为-211.34万m3/a,处于负均衡状态.随着矿区用水规划的实施和用水结构的调整,预测2018～2025年岩溶地下水位将呈小幅度波动上升趋势,降落漏斗范围明显缩小.研究成果可为峰峰矿区地下水资源的合理开发利用提供依据和参考.

应用Arc-GIS、离子相关性及比例系数法方法对峰峰矿区的地下水水化学特征进行研究.结果表明,峰峰矿区奥灰岩溶水pH值为7.45～7.86,偏碱性.基于Arc-GIS中DTM方法对奥灰岩溶水地下水类型进行分区,主要为HCO3?SO4-Ca?Mg型水,部分为HCO3?SO4-Ca型水.Cl-是随环境变化的敏感因子.地下水在流动过程中发生的水—岩作用以方解石和白云石的溶解作用为主;并伴有石膏、岩盐、硫酸盐的溶解反应以及阳离子置换作用.揭示了矿区奥灰岩溶含水层径流条件整体较好,局部地区径流条件有变化,为矿区煤炭开采水害防治和地下水资源的可持续利用提供依据.

以邢东矿为例,根据矿井的实际情况,通过对采空区范围、地质构造、含水性和瓦斯富集区等煤矿生产过程中可能涉及到的隐蔽致灾因素的分析研究,并针对不同隐蔽致灾因素对安全生产的影响程度,采取切实可行的综合治理措施,最大限度地消除隐蔽致灾因素对矿井安全的影响,提升煤矿安全保障能力.

矿井突水灾害严重威胁煤矿的安全生产,有效防治矿井水害对煤矿安全具有特殊意义.文章以某矿工作面运输巷掘进期间特大突水事件为背景,从矿井开采实践、奥灰水位变化和水质分析结果3个方面综合确定此次突水水源为奥灰水,并根据突水实际情况,分析可能引起此次突水的导水构造,针对突水通道探查的难点制定了相应的通道探查方案.探查结果表明,2#煤层底板以下存在一条落差为120 m的正断层,使得煤层底板与下盘奥灰含水层的间距不足30 m,剩余隔水层的厚度和强度均不足以抵抗高压奥灰水,致使巷道掘进期间,高压奥灰水突破巷道围岩,发生奥灰特大突水灾害.

锚固剂被广泛应用在煤矿井巷的支护中,但当煤巷中存在大量含水岩层时,普通锚固剂的性能降低,锚固力下降.为此,通过试验对比,选用NS-1不饱和聚酯树脂、XS-1高分子速溶胶粉、促进剂DMT和石粉生产的防水型锚固剂应用于某矿井的多条含水层的巷道支护中,能够满足矿井顶、底板锚固力的要求,锚固力增强,支护效果明显.

Timely and accurate identification of the water irrush source is an effective way to reduce mine loss and guide mine water prevention.Construction of a water irrush source standard set is an important basis before the identification.This paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the chemical characteristics of the groundwater in Xingtai Mine,which is based on six constant component (Na++Ka+,Mg2+,Ca2+,Cl-, SO2-4 ,HCO3-).The water samples are screened by using Piper diagram,BOX plot and Cluster Analysis.The correctness has been validated by using gray correlation analysis models.Results show that the standard set can reflect the chemical characteristics of aquifer accurately. It can be also used as a reasonable basis for discrimination of water irrush source in mine.

In view of the decreasing coal resource,there is not enough coal production to maintain the mine to survive.Based on the analysis of a working face in a coal mine,the paper analyzed the hydrographic and geological conditions and excluded the possibility of ordovician water inrush by using the way of water bursting coefficient.It was determined the F3fault below the reservoir threatened 2#coal safety mining.After calculation and analysis,if mining hierarchical filling and remaining 60 m coal block was adopted,it could minimize the threat of mining under the reservoir.It provided a theoretical basis to achieve 2#coal safety mining under the reservoir,which could effectively alleviate the tensions of less coal production.

Based on special case that the 9# coal mining is under double threat of the thick- hard roof and Ordovician limestone water inrush from floor,a survey and research on the 9#coal floor failure law is conducted with on- site water injection test and numerical simulation. On- site water injection test indicates that different degrees of damage occurred within the scope of monitoring of working face coal seam floor and the max failure depth is up to 18. 80 ~ 21. 00 m; and the distance between 9#coal and Ordovician limestone aquifer is less than20 m; Simulation results show that,as for the degree of damage of coal seam floor under thick- hard roof,forced carving is more destructive than filling mining.

After decades of exploitation, shallow coal resources have been left less. Instead, it begins to mine deep coal resources. At present our country has a lot of mining depth close to or more than 1 000 m. Seam geological and hydrological geological conditions are more complex. Carelessly mining activity can cause Ordovician limestone water inrush, which causes significant loss. Puts forward a set of ＂ring＂ ,＂ sound＂ ,＂ school＂, ＂branch＂, ＂set＂ ,＂ blocking＂ ,＂ check＂ ,＂ row＂ the combination of deep mining ＂needle-like＂ collapse column water bursting control technology, and successfully applies to large mining depth ＂needle-like＂ collapse column water bursting management practice, for the full play of deep mine economic benefits is of great realistic significance.

According to the Regulation of the Mine Water Prevention and Control, geophysical prospecting, drilling, lane and geochemical exploration methods are used to detect conducting and water-bearing structure before tunnel excavation. The paper proposes a set of technology to exploratory conducting and water-bearing structure by direct current method of advanced detection and floor advanced drilling and by taking Xingdong mine as a case study, in order to ensure construction safety in tunnel excavation and to prevent water inrush accidents.

Based on the comprehensive analysis of geology and hydrogeology conditions about 9# coal in Dongjing of Gequan coal mine, the abnormal regions were detected and grouted by use of integrated exploration technique. The hydraulic connection among aquifer in Ordovician limestone and Daqing limestone were cut off by grouting reconstruction and fracture sealing for coal floor. The lower coal seam suffered from Ordovician limestone water invasion was mined safely. The technology for prevention of mine water was summarized,which has guiding significance for the lower coal seam mined under similar conditions in this area or nationwide.

根据葛泉矿1192工作面的实际情况,利用应力应变观测和注水试验对工作面底板的最大破坏深度进行探测.结合葛泉矿水文地质条件分析结果及底板探测结果,利用突水系数法对工作面底板的突水危险性进行分析,为葛泉矿9#煤的安全开采提供科学依据.

随着煤炭开采深度的逐渐加深,我国的多数煤田都受到奥灰水的巨大威胁,开采活动稍有不慎,就会诱发底板奥灰特大突水事故,造成重大的损失.论文提出一套"查"、"找"、"定"、"堵"、"验"相结合的特大突水治理技术,并成功应用于德盛煤矿特大突水治理实践中,对于国内外条件相似地区煤矿特大突水治理及矿井恢复具有重要意义.

针对邢东矿大采深的情况,采用大型数值模拟软件ANSYS对煤层底板的破坏深度、应力、位移等特征进行了模拟,避免了现场试验手段仅能确定某些特定部位的底板破坏特征的情况,得出了煤层底板变形破坏规律,确定了煤层底板最大破坏深度及最易破坏位置.研究结果对于实现深部煤层的安全开采,指导后续工作面的防治水工作及防治水方案的设计提供科学依据.

Based on the analysis of water resources conditions in Handan City and the main measures of water resource management, the water re-source management model in the City was discussed in this paper.The main features of the water resource management model in Hand,an were the watershed management of water resources and the combination of water using planning, water price management and water rights trading.There were 3 types of the water resource management model, namely water conservancy model in west mountainous areas, well-canal combining model in middle part and using underground brackish water model in east.The features of water conservancy model in west mountainous areas were that water storage was main way, and the combination of water storage, water diversion and water pumping.The features of well-canal combining model were using ground and underground water together, combination well and canal, as well as irrigation and drainage by wells; to improve the using efficiency of atmosphere precipitation, surface water and groundwater.The features of using underground brackish water model were mak-ing full use of shallow groundwater and carrying out rotational irrigation or rotation irrigation by brackish water and freshwater.Some advices on effective utilization of water resources in Handan City were put forward.

The evaluation model and simulated project were set up by using Matlab based on water inrush accident of 1841 working face of Desheng Coal Mine in Wu'an,Hebei Province.The simulation results show that the stable loose body can be formed under flowing condition if the aggregate size is more than 0.93 mm;and the maximum seepage velocity occurs on the top of plugging zone,and the water flow decreases with increasing plugging height of water inrush channel.Finally,the field construction results show that the water inrush channel is plugged effectively by the compacting body constituted by both aggregate and cement slurry.

The test on treating pollution water of Handan by using a two-grade series constructed wetland system.The results show that the constructed wetland has a purifying effect perennial,the removal rate of COD,TN and TP are 25%-65%,29%-94% and 30%-80%.Under the same hydraulic loading,the wetland with relatively better growing plants demonstrated higher pollutants removal efficiency than that with relatively worse growing plants.The removal effect and stability of subsurface flow wetland is better than surface constructed wetland's.The removal effect showed certain seasonal variation,the rate in summer better than in cold winter.

The test on treating urban sewage in Handan has been continuing for a long-term by using the composite constructed wetland system,and the purification effect were discussed in autumn and winter.The results show that the removal rates of COD,TN,TP,SS are 65%,84%,80%,91%,in winter drop off to 25%,27%,65%,89%in autumn.The purification effect and stability of system have been raised during the serial secondary sub-series.

According to the pollution situation of Fuyang river,this paper proposes a set of technology integration system about pollution synergetic control,and ecological restoration technology of Fuyang River.The system includes sewage treatment plants,artificial wetland and eco-channel.Constructed wetland technology and sewage treatment plants are used to implement the top control of pollution sources and reduce pollution possibility,which is caused by the source and non-point pollutant accumulation.Through the use of the ecological floating bed and ecological embankment technologies,ecological river course was built to reduce pollution caused by internal contamination in Fuyang River.It accelerated ecological restoration of structure and the function of Fuyang River while controlling pollution source,and ultimately actualized fundamental improvement of the water quality.

The test on treating multiple pollution water of Handan has been continuing for a long-term by using the composite constructed wetland system,in which the aquatic plants with stain resistance are selected.The results show that the constructed wetland has a purifying effect perennial,the removal rate of BOD,TN and TP are 25～65%,27-84% and 30-80%,respectly.The removal effect and stability of subsurface flow wetland is better than surface constructed wetland's.The influence factors of removal effect are temperature,plant growth conditions and matrix,and the changing of temperature is the main factor.