AIM To study the level of thyroid antibodies (TAB) in blood diseases. MATERIAL AND METHODS TAB levels dynamics was studied in 413 patients with hematological diseases. RESULTS Increased incidence of cases with high Ab titer to thyroid microsomal antigen was found. High and moderate titers were revealed in 33% of all examinees, including 41%, 22%, 32% and 29% among patients with immune cytopenia, chronic lymphoid leukemia, generalized mature-cell lymphoma and myeloproliferative diseases, respectively. These high and moderate titers were rather stable. In 15% patients Ab were elevated insignificantly, this rise being unstable. CONCLUSION Stable high titers of antibodies to thyroid antigens point to increased incidence rates of concomitant autoimmune hyroiditis in patients with blood diseases.

In experiments on mice F1 total exposed to gamma-irradiation at the 5.0 Gy, showed that a intraperitoneal injection neogen at the dose 10 micrograms/kg oue time at the day and night during the 8 days after irradiation results in recovery of the number blood platelets and time issue of blood from standard wound to normal level on the week by compare with irradiated control animals.

The effect of the synthetic peptide IEW (Neogen) with immunomodulating properties on postradiation recovery of haemopoiesis was investigated. We have shown that Neogen is a potential stimulator of haemopoiesis. The administration of Neogen after irradiation shortened duration of period of the recovery of the compartment of CFU-S-8 and the amount of bone marrow cells. The comparision of the effects of Neogen and GM-CSF (Leucomax) and G-CSF (Granocyte 34) have shown that the targets for these agents are probably different: polypotent CFU-S-for Neogen, and CFU-GM-for GM-CFS. Based on the results, we suggested the mechanism of Neogen effects on heamopoiesis.

It was studied on mice how prior whole body hyperthemia affects a colony-forming ability of bone marrow after gamma-irradiation. It was found that heating of the animals (42 degrees C, 10 min) 18-22 h before their total irradiation (4 Gy) increases 2-fold the level of CFUs8 and CFUs12 determined in the spleen exotest. The induced radioresistance correlated with accumulation of heat shock proteins, HSP70 and HSP25, in tissues of preheated mice. Injection of quercetin (a selective inhibitor of the heat shock protein synthesis) 0.5 h before the heating fully abolished both the subsequent heat shock protein accumulation and the rise in CFUs populations as compared with control. It is suggested that heat shock proteins, whose expression increases in response to hyperthermia, can play a role of endogenous radioprotectors. Possible mechanisms of their protective action under irradiation are discussed.

We studied the possibility of using a new synthetic heme-inhibiting peptide thymodepressin for improving the efficiency of transplantations of syngeneic and allogeneic bone marrow. Thymodepressin was injected to recipients 3 times (48, 24, and 2 h) before irradiation and transplantation of bone marrow suspension. The yield of 9- and 12-day colonies increased, the number of proliferating CFU-S-12 and pre-CFU-S in recipient bone marrow increased in comparison with the control. In case of an allogeneic donor-recipient combination, the number of 9-day splenic colonies in thymodepressin-treated animals increased 5-fold compared to the control. We hypothesized that thymodepressin therapy and irradiation form an adaptive response of the recipient hemopoietic microenvironment in the bone marrow, which provides conditions for optimal functioning of donor hemopoietic precursors.

Synthetic polypeptide D-(iEW) (Thymodepressin) was shown to reduce the bone marrow CFU-S in the S-phase of cell cycle. Apparently, due to this property the agent being administered 2 days before the irradiation with 4 Gy causes a prominent restoration of the CFU-S population afterwards. The 3-5 times higher value of this parameter as compared to the control (irradiation only) is likely to be connected to the increased "survival" of the Thymodepressin-protected CFU-S after the treatment with ionizing irradiation.

Th distribution of autoimmune thyroiditis in the patients with diseases of blood system was investigate. The attribute of autoimmune thyroiditis was revealed by the detection of antimicrosomal antibodies. It was established that the autoimmune thyroiditis are more often in patients with various hematological diseases than in control group. It is supposed that the increase in frequency of some hematological diseases in residents suffered from the Chernobyl accident can be defined not only by the influence of the radiation on blood system, but also can be connected with damage to thyroid glands.

The substantial decrease of free natural antibodies reacting with histones under effect of 4 Gy total dose radiation in sera of healthy animals was established. It is supposed that the binding of natural antihistone antibodies with histones reduces the cytotoxic reactivity of histones released from cells under effect of ionizing radiation. It was determined that complexes of antihistone antibodies and histones get the ability to react with DNA. The possible biological role of these complexes is discussed.

A study was made of the properties of natural antibodies in gamma-globulin preparations from sera of healthy donors. Affinity chromatography yielded two types of natural antibodies, free and latent (revealed upon ion-exchange chromatography on QAE Sephadex). Autoantibodies isolated on DNA- and cardiolipin-carrying sorbents proved to be similarly heterogeneous and reacted with the same antigen panel. Free and latent antibodies were equally reactive with DNA and bacterial lipopolysaccharide, but the free ones were much more reactive with phosphatidyl choline while the latent ones reacted preferentially with cardiolipin.

The chromosome dicentric aberrations in the lymphocytes and levels of antibodies to human thyroid microsomal antigen in the serum of the children lived in the area of Bryansk Province suffered from the Chernobyl accident was examined. Correlation between those tests was not estimated: the autoantibodies were revealed in group with dicentrics and without those in 4.0% and 4.5% of cases correspondingly. Antimicrosomal antibodies were revealed more frequently (5.0%) and in higher titers in the children from the more polluted Bryansk Province than in those from Kaluga Province (3.1%). These data can testify about the role of inside radiation of thyroid gland in appearance of autoimmune thyroiditis signs.

Distribution of autoimmune thyroidites in the patients with diseases of blood system is investigated. Antimicrosomal antibodies served as an indicator of autoimmune thyroidites. Autoimmune thyroidites was found more often in patients with various hematological diseases than in the control group. A hypothesis is advanced that the increase in the frequency of some hematological diseases in the residents affected by the Chernobyl accident can be attributed not only to the influence of the radiation on blood system, but also to the damage of thyroid glands.

Efasol and potassium tetrachloropalladate being injected into mice prior to irradiation with a dose of 150 sGy increase the colony forming activity of animals bone marrow cells transplanted in lethally irradiated recipient mice. The palladium presence in such compounds is supposed to be a reason of radioprotection. Upon the combined application of potassium tetrachloropalladate and irradiation of mice with an adaptive dose of 5 sGy a potentiation of individual effect of each separate agent to increase CFUs resistance against the consequent irradiation was observed.

Latent antibodies reacting with antigens of human immunodeficiency virus are detected in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Antibodies are detected by ion-exchange chromatography on QAE-Sephadex. A relationship is noted between the disease stage and the level of latent antibodies.

Natural antibodies isolated from a commercial immunoglobulin preparation react with cardiolipinin vitro and exhibit anticoagulant activity in the thromboplastin suppression and kaolin time tests performed with the use of Wistar rat plasma.

Anticardiolipin antibodies are revealed in rat serum by solid-phase immunoenzyme assay 3 h after thermal burn of 30% of the body surface. An increase in serum concentration of the antibody after thermal burn may be due to dissociation of the antibody-protein complex.