Dietary Allowances for Military Personnel (GJB 823B-2016) have been promulgated based on the revision of Daily Dietary Allowances for Soldiers (GJB 823A-1998).The revised dietary allowances are divided into recommendations for the ground forces,navy and air force,respectively.Recommendations for some vitamins and minerals have been revised according to the data obtained from laboratories and field studies in recent years.New requirements on dietary patterns are also made.Meanwhile,recommendations for some microelements and tolerable upper intake levels for some vitamins and minerals are added.This standard will lay a solid basis for improving nutritional status and work performance of military personnel in the future.

In order to enhance the selectivity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for uranium, amidoximation of the biomass was performed. The obtained biosorbent was characterized by FTIR and SEM analysis, results showed that amidoxime groups were successfully grafted on the biomass surface. The effects of initial solution pH, time, initial uranium concentration and ion strength on uranium sorption by the amidoximated biomass were studied and the optimal sorption conditions were determined. Furthermore, desorption results revealed that the amidoximated biosorbent can be used at least three times. The uranium sorption kinetics of both amidoximated and raw biomass can be depicted by the nonlinear pseudo-second-order kinetic equation. The nonlinear Langmuir and Freundlich models fitted well with the equilibrium data of amidoximated biomass. Trace uranium sorption from salt lake brine samples suggested that the selectivity of S. cerevisiae was obvious enhanced after amidoximation. The prepared amidoximated biomass can be used as a potential sorbent for selective uranium recovery from salt lake brines.

Spinel powders of LiNi0.5 Mn1.5 O4 were synthesized by a gelatin-assisted solid-state method at four differ-ent calcination temperatures.The structural and morphological properties, electrochemical characteristics of the four obtained products were investigated by XRD, SEM, FT-IR and charge/discharge testing.As the temperature in-creases, the crystallinity and initial discharge capacity gradually raise.The maximum specific discharge capacity of the synthesized LiNi0.5 Mn1.5 O4 is 137 mAh/g.After annealing treated at 600℃, Fd3m group and P4332 group are found to coexist in the structure with larger particle size.And the cycling stability and rate performance at low rate are improved.However, the product calcinated at 900℃shows a better rate capacity retention at high rate from 1C to 5C.

BACKGROUND:Epidemiological studies have suggested that variants on adiponectin (ADIPOQ) and its receptor ADIPOR1 (adiponectin receptor 1) are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk; however, the results were inconclusive. The aim of the study was to evaluate the associations between the variants on ADIPOQ and ADIPOR1 and the CRC risk with a hospital-based case-control study in the Chinese population along with meta-analysis of available epidemiological studies.METHODS:With a hospital-based case-control study of 341 cases and 727 controls, the associations between the common variants on ADIPOQ (rs266729, rs822395, rs2241766 and rs1501299) and ADIPOR1 (rs1342387 and rs12733285) and CRC susceptibility were evaluated. Meta-analysis of the published epidemiological studies was performed to investigate the associations between the variants and CRC risk.RESULTS:For the population study, we found that variant rs1342387 of ADIPOR1 was associated with a reduced risk for CRC [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 0.74, 95% confidential intervals (95% CI) = 0.57-0.97; CT/TT vs. CC]. The meta-analysis also suggested a significant association for rs1342387 and CRC risk; the pooled OR was 0.79 (95% CI = 0.66-0.95) for the CT/TT carriers compared to CC homozygotes under the random-effects model (Q = 8.06, df = 4, P = 0.089; I(2) = 50.4%). The case-control study found no significant association for variants rs266729, rs822395, rs2241766, and rs1501299 on ADIPOQ or variant rs12733285 on ADIPOR1 and CRC susceptibility, which were consistent with results from the meta-analysis studies.CONCLUSIONS:These data suggested that variant rs1342387 on ADIPOR1 may be a novel CRC susceptibility factor.

Biosorption of uranium ions from diluted solution (≤40 mg L−1) onto immobilized cells of Rhodotorula glutinis was investigated in a batch system. Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies were conducted by considering the effect of initial uranium concentration, contact time and temperature. Non-linear forms of Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips isotherm models were used to fit the equilibrium data, Sips model was designated as the best one. Kinetic data were simulated by non-linear pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion equations. Pseudo-first-order kinetic equation described the experimental data better than pseudo-second-order equation and intra-particle diffusion equation can fit the kinetic data with two independent curves. Thermodynamic parameters, including ∆H 0, ∆G 0 and ∆S 0, were evaluated, the sorption process was determined to be spontaneous and endothermic. Uranium sorption from pure uranium solutions and uranium pit wastewater by immobilized biomass and blank beads, as well as the regeneration results indicated that immobilized R. glutinis can be use to recovery uranium from uranium pit wastewater.

Two new indole alkaloids, 21-oxokoumine (1) and furanokoumine (2), were isolated from the roots of Gelsemium elegans Benth together with three known compounds. The structures of the two novel compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including NMR, HR-ESI-MS, UV, IR, CD and molecular modeling. Compound 1 is the first instance of a koumine-type alkaloid with a carbonyl at the C-21 position, while compound 2 possesses a tetrahydrofuran ring located on C-20 and C-21.

<正>日本自1970年制订了第一个推荐的膳食营养素供给量(RDA)后,每隔5年修订一次。在修订第6版RDA时,引入了膳食营养素参考摄入量(DRIs)的概念。2005年发布第7版时,将RDA改为DRIs[1]。2008年又对DRIs(2005)进行了修订,并于2010年正式发布[2]。

To investigate the dietary structure of eating out and its effect on obesity,and then help long-term dining out residents select food reasonably and provide evidence for intervention strategies,cluster sampling was used to select participants aged 18to 74.BMI was used to assess overweight and obesity.Dietary structure of dining out was analyzed by semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire.Logistic regression and linear regression were used to analyze the relationship between dietary patterns of dining out and obesity.Results showed that dietary structure of dining out is high protein,high fat,high cholesterol,low carbohydrate and low dietary fiber.Regression analysis showed that intake of cholesterol and beverage was the risk factors of obesity.So dietary structure of dining out is unreasonable,and long-term dining out increases obesity risk.We should choose food reasonably and keep a balanced diet structure.

代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome,MS)是近年来国内外关注的热点,主要特征为一系列代谢紊乱和多重心脑血管危险因素聚集,包括腹型肥胖、高血糖、高血压、血脂异常[1].现在普遍认为肥胖和胰岛素抵抗是MS的发病基础,胰岛素抵抗与高血糖、高血压、高血脂相互影响,形成恶性循环,促进心脑血管疾病发生.MS发病与生活方式密切相关,主要后果为糖尿病和心脑血管疾病,已严重威胁人类健康.我国35 ～ 74周岁男性和女性MS发病率分别为18％和29％,患者超过2亿,MS成为我国重大的公共卫生问题[2].

Spinel powders of Sm-doped LiNi0.5SmxMn1.5-xO4 with different Sm contents (x = 0, 0.01, 0.03, and 0.05) have been synthesized by a gelatin-assisted solid-state method. The structural and electrochemical properties of the electrode materials are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), charge/discharge testing and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The partial substitution of Sm3+ for Mn3+ in LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 leads to a decrease in the lattice parameter and unit cell volumes, resulting in an improvement of structural stability, enhance the electronic conductivity and diminish the polarization and the charge transfer resistance. As a result, the cyclic ability at 25 degrees C performances and rate performances of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 electrode materials are significantly improved with the increasing Sm addition, compared to the pristine LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4, though high doping gives rise to a small reduction of the initial discharge capacity. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Calcium alginate beads are potential biosorbent for radionuclides removal as they contain carboxyl groups. However, until now limited information is available concerning the uptake behavior of uranium by this polymer gel, especially when sorption equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamics are concerned. In present work, batch experiments were carried out to study the equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamics of uranium sorption by calcium alginate beads. The effects of initial solution pH, sorbent amount, initial uranium concentration and temperature on uranium sorption were also investigated. The determined optimal conditions were: initial solution pH of 3.0, added sorbent amount of 40 mg, and uranium sorption capacity increased with increasing initial uranium concentration and temperature. Equilibrium data obtained under different temperatures were fitted better with Langmuir model than Freundlich model, uranium sorption was dominated by a monolayer way. The kinetic data can be well depicted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The activation energy derived from Arrhenius equation was 30.0 kJ/mol and the sorption process had a chemical nature. Thermodynamic constants such as ΔH(0), ΔS(0) and ΔG(0) were also evaluated, results of thermodynamic study showed that the sorption process was endothermic and spontaneous.

Selenium, as an important component of some antioxidants, has been suggested to have protective effects against colorectal adenomas. This meta-analysis examined the association between selenium level in blood and risk of colorectal adenomas. Data from 7 studies (3 cross-sectional studies, 3 case-control studies, 1 nested case-control study) published before December 2011 was included in this meta-analysis. Fixed and random-effects model was explored to calculate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity among studies was measured using Cochrane Q-test together with the I-2 statistic. There was a significant inverse correlation between selenium level and colorectal adenomas risk according to fixed-effects model. The overall OR of highest selenium level to lowest for colorectal adenomas is 0.67 (95% CI: 0.55-0.81). Heterogeneity was moderate among the pooled studies (P = 0.05 for the Q test, I-2 = 48%). These results suggested a protective effect of selenium for colorectal adenomas. Some factors, such as age, gender, smoking, and characteristics of the adenomas need to be further considered within the association between selenium levels and risk of colorectal adenomas.

Repeated exposure to a provocative motion stimulus leads to motion sickness habituation indicative of the existence of central processes to counteract the disturbing properties of the imposed motion. In the present study, we attempt to investigate whether NMDA and GABAA receptors in rat caudal vestibular nucleus neurons are involved in motion sickness habituation induced by repeated Ferris-wheel like rotation in daily session (2 h/d). We showed that defecation response increased and spontaneous locomotion decreased within 4 sessions (sickness phase). They recovered back to the control level after 7 sessions (habituation phase). Western blot analysis found that NMDA receptor signal molecules: calmodulin protein kinase II and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) were both activated during sickness phase, while a prolonged CREB activation was also observed during habituation phase. Real-time quantitative PCR revealed an increase in c-fos and a decrease in Arc mRNA level during sickness phase. We also found an increase in GABAA receptor α1 subunit (GABAA α1) protein level in this stage. These results suggested that altered NMDA receptor signaling and GABAA receptor expression level in caudal vestibular nucleus were associated with motion sickness habituation. Furthermore, immunofluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that the number of GABAA α1 immunolabeled neurons in caudal vestibular nucleus increased while the number of GABAA α1/Arc double labeled neurons and the average amount of Arc particle in soma of these neurons decreased during sickness phase. It suggested that GABAA receptor level might be negatively regulated by Arc protein in caudal vestibular nucleus neurons.

Adsorption of uranium from aqueous solution onto the magnetically modified yeast cell, Rhodotorula glutinis, was investigated in a batch system. Factors influencing sorption such as initial solution pH, biomass dosage, contact time, temperature, initial uranium concentration and other common cations were analyzed. Sorption isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic studies of uranium on magnetically modified R. glutinis were also carried out. The temperature dependent equilibrium data agreed well with the Langmuir model. Kinetic data obtained at different temperatures were simulated using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model was found to describe the data better with correlation coefficients near 1.0. The thermodynamic parameters, ΔH°, ΔS° and ΔG° were calculated from the sorption data gained at different temperatures. These thermodynamic parameters showed that the sorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. All results indicated that magnetically modified R. glutinis can be a potential sorbent for uranium wastewater treatment.

The adsorption behavior of group 6 elements Mo and W on the α-benzoinoxime/PTFE material was investigated in order to develop an experimental approach to aqueous chemical characterization of seaborgium(Sg,element 106).The experimental results show that the maximal adsorption percentage of Mo and W can reach 92% and 87%,respectively.The adsorption kinetics of Mo is faster than W in 1 mol/L HNO3 solution.In HNO3/HF mixed acid solutions,there are significant differences in the behavior of both elements under the higher concentration of HF.This is because W has a stronger tendency for forming anionic species with fluoride ion than Mo.Moreover,the sorption process of Mo and W is exothermic and spontaneous,and their adsorption distribution coefficient is affected by temperature and decreases with the increasing of temperature.

Objective To investigate the effects of Vaccinium bracteatum Thunb.Leaf ethanol extract(VEE)and its different extracts on the anti-oxidative capability of brain stem in sleep-deprived rats.Methods Rats were intragastrically administered with low,middle,and high dose of VEE(1.2 g/ml,2.4 g/ml,and 7.2 g/ml)and different extracts daily for 10 days.The rat mental fatigue models were established by sleep deprivation through flower-pot on the 7~th day.Rats treated with salidroside(200 mg/ml)were taken as positive controls.After 72 h sleep deprivation,the concentrations of malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),and total antioxidative capacity(T-AOC) in the brain stem were determined in each group.Results The concentrations of the MDA,SOD,and T-AOC in the normal control group were(16.4±0.42) nmol/mg protein,(2.9±0.62) U/mg protein,and(154.3±14.47) U/ml,respectively.Compared with the normal control group,the sleep-deprived group had significantly higher concentrations of MDA,SOD and T-AOC(P0.05),and the groups of salidroside,high dose ethanol,and aqua extract of VEE had significantly lower MDA(P0.05),and lower SOD and T-AOC.Conclusion The high dose VEE can greatly decrease the oxidative stress level of the brain stem,and it also has remarkable anti-oxidative ability,with the active part mainly in the aqua extract of VEE.

The present status of the chemical properties investigation for superheavy elements was described in this paper.The synthesis of superheavy elements and the experimental techniques used in stu-dies on the gas phase chemistry of superheavy elements were briefly introduced.The current experimental studies about the gas-chromatography of Rf,Db,Sg,Bh,Hs and element 112 were discussed in detail.Finally,the development of synthesis of superheavy elements and the study on gas phase chemical properties of superheavy elements in China were prospected.