在地震观测中,地震数据中普遍包含有噪声信号.由于噪声信号的干扰,地震分析的效率会受到不同程度的影响.传统的去噪方法通常需要噪声的先验知识,并且滤波时会造成部分有效信号丢失.针对这一问题,本文提出一种将自适应噪声完全集合经验模态分解(CEEMDAN)算法与Hurst指数相结合的地震数据去噪方法.首先通过CEEMDAN方法将信号分解为一系列本征模函数(IMF),然后利用Hurst指数对滤波后的IMF分量进行识别,最后对地震数据IMF分量进行重构,从而实现数据去噪.与传统方法的去噪效果对比表明,本文方法可将低信噪比波形的去噪效果提高32％,将高信噪比波形的去噪效果提高6倍.同时对地磁数据的去噪结果表明,本文方法能够较完整地将地铁噪声从地磁信号波形中滤除.

利用天然地震震源和人工爆破震源之间信号能量分布的差异,结合RBF神经网络技术,对2类事件进行分类,具体步骤如下:使用8个带通滤波器对事件波形进行滤波,并划分为4个波形段:P波、P波尾波、S波和S波尾波,分别计算每个滤波器信道和波形段的能量特征值,以所得32个特征参数作为输入向量,利用RBF神经网络,对地震和爆破事件进行分类识别.结果表明,基于RBF神经网络的地震事件识别方法,识别率为88.1％,具有较高的准确性,可作为地震与爆破事件识别的一个重要依据.

通过对2011～2013年的34个影区地震震例进行分析,总结了桂林台影区地震各个震相特征,并运用震相特征对影区地震进行分析定位,有效提高了桂林台对影区地震进行定位分析的精度和效率,对日后进行大震速报和日常分析具有借鉴意义.

On the basis of the digital records of Guilin Seismic Station from 2006 to 2011, this paper will recalculate the magnitude by using EDAS software and explore the reasons of magnitude deviation of earthquake quick report by taking the magnitude given by the " China earthquake networks observation report" as standard magnitude to give statistical analysis. Based on the comprehensive analysis, we find that: the deviation of Guilin station is correlated with the epicenter direction, epicenter distance, and magnitude size; the correction value of magnitude deviation of Guilin station needs to consider these factors by taking the average value of the correction value of epicenter direction deviation, the correction value of epicenter distance deviation, the correction value of magnitude deviation.

Earthquake monitoring stations are generally located in the suburbs or in the mountain areas.The locations of many stations are seriously disturbed by lightning,which threats the security of all kinds of earthquake monitoring equipment.Furthermore,all signals are attenuated greatly after a long distance,and the quality of the signals become poor.Shenzhen Seismic Station is also located in an area likely to be attacked by lightning.Once,the disturbance of lightning caused serious damage to the equipment of Shenzhen Seismic Station.The economic loss was heavy.Subsequently,optical fiber transmission has been used for signal transmission and palpable effects have been achieved.This article summarizes the practice of using optical fiber to transmit signals at Shenzhen station and can be of some reference to other counterparts.