为保护和提升耕地质量,降低土壤面源污染.增施有机肥,降低化肥用量,推进城口县加大施用有机肥、提高耕地质量的力度.为弥补城口县有机肥资源不足的问题,在城口县建议推广使用商品有机肥.

城口地处大巴山南麓、重庆市最北端.东面和北面与陕西省接壤,南与本市巫溪县、开县交界,西与四川省相连,位于长江上游地区.境内最高海拔2686米,最低海拔481米,属典型的高寒深石山区.气候属四川盆地北亚热带山地气候,系亚热带季风气候区.由于山高谷深,高差大,具有明显山区立体气候的特征.气候比较温和,雨水数量充沛,日照时间较长,四季分明,冬长夏短,由于地理上和气候上的优势,城口具有生物多样性,同时也适宜多种病虫害的发生.本文主要结合城口县独特的地理气候和生态环境等特点,产业结构调整的优势,因地制宜,拟定出针对马铃薯绿色、高质、高效生产的技术措施,进一步提高我县马铃薯的产量和品质,促进农户增收.

渝绿1号是重庆市农业科学院特色作物研究所选育的绿豆新品种.该品种是2006年以中绿5号为母本,冀黑绿12号为父本进行杂交,通过系谱法处理后代选育而成.2015～2016年在各级产量试验中均表现优质、 高产、稳产、适应性广、抗性好等特点,2017年通过重庆市农作物品种审定委员会鉴定命名,适于重庆各区县大面积推广应用.

渝红豆1号是重庆市农业科学院特色作物研究所选育的小豆新品种.该品种是2004年以京农2号为母本,S5033为父本进行杂交,通过系谱法处理后代选育而成.2015～2016年在各级产量试验中均表现优质、高产、稳产、适应性广、抗性好等特点,2017年通过重庆市农作物品种审定委员会鉴定命名,适于重庆各区县大面积推广应用.

渝绿2号是重庆市农业科学院特色作物研究所选育的绿豆新品种.该品种是2006年以中绿5号为母本,冀黑绿12号为父本进行杂交,通过系谱法处理后代选育而成.2015～2016年在各级产量试验中均表现优质、高产、稳产、适应性广、抗性好等特点,2017年通过重庆市农作物品种审定委员会鉴定命名,适于重庆各区县大面积推广应用.

The soybean variety Yudou 9 was bred by Institute of Characteristic Crop Research,Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences,collected from Tongnan in 2011,by purification and rejuvenation,individual selection and accelerate propagation generations.Yudou 9 is a new variety with features of high and stable yield,broad adaptability and strong resistance in yield trails during 2015-2016;it was approved and released by Chongqing Provincial Committee of Crop Variety Identification in 2017,suitable for cultivating in most area of Chongqing.

阐述了晚疫病预警监测系统在城口县引进应用的情况以及城口县马铃薯晚疫病的发生情况,对城口县近3年应用晚疫病预警系统防控晚疫病和应用系统防控的效果进行了对比和分析,以供参考。

The article took and tested 62 samples of top soil(0-20 cm) from potato growing areas in Wuxi and Chengkou of Chongqing for learning the status about potato soil nutrient.The results showed that,the soil pH was unsuitable for growing potato as overall alkaline.The soil organic matter was rich,where the content over 20 g/kg took up 80.6% and there was 17.7% soil over 40 g/kg.The rate of soil total nitrogen and total phosphorus were high respectively and total potassium nearly a half of the whole samples was moderate,the ratio of richness and lack were 24.2% and 30.6%.As for one area,the contents of total phosphorus and total potassium were both serious lack reached 35.3% and 50% in Wuxi.The results also indicated that,the content of soil available N,P,K and S were all in rich levels and the exchanged Ca and Mg were both extremely rich.The standard of soil available S was generally low in Chengkou.In terms of the micro-nutrients,the deficiency rate of available Fe,Mn and B was 48.4%,56.4% and 98.4%,respectively.However,the rate of available Cu and Zn were both very rich.All the micro-nutrients were higher in Chengkou.Soil nutrient classifications differed significantly at different positions and different region by the experiment.

在重庆市巫溪和城口两县采用大田试验研究了不同中微量元素肥料对马铃薯产量和品质的影响.结果表明,两个地点试验均以增施锌肥和锰镁硼锌复合肥可显著提高马铃薯产量,其余各种肥料的增产作用因试验地点不同其效果各异;增施锰、硼肥提高了马铃薯维生素C含量,而增施镁、锌肥则降低维生素C含量;增施各中微量元素(锰除外)肥料均不同程度地提高了马铃薯的淀粉含量;各种中微肥对马铃薯可溶性糖、粗蛋白含量的影响在两个试验点的结果差异较大.除增施锌的处理外,其余各处理均不同程度的降低了两试验点马铃薯的磷含量;除增施锰和锌的处理外,其余各处理均不同程度的降低了两试验点马铃薯的钾含量.增施各中微量元素肥料,提高了马铃薯土壤的养分含量,改善土壤肥力水平.