发展果蔬铁路冷藏运输对节能环保有重要意义.由果蔬贮藏特性可知预冷对果蔬贮运质量有着极大的影响.本文对铁路机械冷藏车主要热负荷组成进行分析,并以运输香蕉和葡萄为例进行计算.结果表明果蔬预冷热负荷占铁路机械冷藏车总负荷的60％以上.最后介绍了新型铁路机械冷藏车运输果蔬的试验情况.

据中国物流与采购联合会冷链物流专业委员会统计,我国每年保温货物运输需求约为3.6亿t,其中,大部分保温货物采用公路运输方式,并采用草垫、薄膜、苯板和棉被等传统保温方法,不仅无法保证货物品质,而且存在能耗较高、环境污染、交通拥堵等问题.为了落实运输结构调整政策,促进保温货物运输和"公转铁"运输发展,中车长江集团于2019年初受铁路冷链运输主管单位委托研发铁路宽体隔热保温箱系列产品,至今已生产40英尺铁路宽体隔热保温箱100个、20英尺铁路宽体隔热保温箱300个,并交付用户使用.本文介绍铁路宽体隔热保温箱主要技术参数、解决的技术问题、技术创新点和应用推广情况等.

针对既有铁路冷藏运输发电装备存在的问题,分析了国内外发电装备的现状和研发无人值乘、远程监控发电箱的必要性,并重点介绍了无人值乘、远程监控发电箱采用的关键技术、应用和试验情况,该研究对降低冷藏运输成本、推动铁路冷藏运输发展具有重要意义.

为研究隔热保温箱加装真空绝热板后对箱体综合传热系数的影响,以聚氨酯发泡隔热结构的40英尺隔热保温箱为研究对象,结合真空绝热板隔热特性,建立箱体各部件未加装真空绝热板和加装真空绝热板的仿真模型,通过仿真计算得出箱体传热系数.仿真结果表明,加装真空绝热板的传热面积越大,箱体综合传热系数越高.

铁路冷链运输装备设计和制造标准大部分在20世纪80年代或90年代制定,包括TB/T 1787—1986《机械冷藏车热工计算方法》、TB/T 1808—2007《铁道机械冷藏车电气装置和制冷加温装置》、TB/T 1812—1986《机冷车柴油发电机组安装技术要求》、TB/T 1885—1987《机械冷藏车空车静置性能试验评定方法》和TB/T 2556—1995《机械冷藏车制冷机组性能试验方法》.这5项标准已不能满足新型铁路冷链运输装备的发展要求,因此,通过修订这5项标准,形成TB/T 3562—2020《铁路保温车》,以指导目前铁路保温车设计、制造、试验及检验,促进铁路冷链运输装备发展.介绍标准修订背景,分析5项旧标准内容的适宜性,详细论述TB/T 3562—2020关键技术内容,并与GB/T 5600—2018《铁道货车通用技术条件》和GB/T 5601—2018《铁道货车检查与试验规则》对比.

简述了保温运输技术优势和我国铁路隔热保温的现状及存在的问题,介绍了国内、外铁路隔热保温车发展情况,分析提出了隔热保温车需要研究的关键技术,重点介绍了新型铁路隔热保温车关键技术研究成果应用和装备技术水平,展望了推广应用市场前景.

对我国铁路冷链需求市场和国内外铁路冷链运输装备的发展现状进行了分析;根据我国铁路冷链运输情况确定了铁路冷链运输装备的发展方向,并介绍了我国正在研制的新型铁路冷链运输装备.

介绍了40 ft铁路运输发电箱的用途、主要技术参数、功能配置及运用维护技术要求,并通过运用考核进行了验证.

目的 针对铁路机械冷藏车气密性检测指标滞后,难以反映车辆漏风特性的问题,对其气密性指标展开研究,寻求现有装备气密性设计方面存在的缺陷,进而提出新造铁路机械冷藏车的气密性指标和车体气密性结构优化设计方法.方法 按照GB/T 5600要求,运用压差法对B23型、B23A型和B10型铁路机械冷藏车进行气密性试验,分析运行速度与压差、漏气量之间的关系;通过测试和实地调研,掌握现有铁路机械冷藏车漏气量偏大的原因,为改进优化提供依据.结果 我国现有B23,B23A,B10型铁路机械冷藏车在50 Pa压差条件下的漏气量分别为27.0,34.1,26.1 m3/h,当压差升至125,250 Pa时,车厢漏气量约上升90％～320％.上述压差条件大致对应40,65,90 km/h的车辆运行速度.在此基础上,分析给出了新造铁路机械冷藏车的气密性指标,提出了改进优化的具体策略.结论 新造铁路机械冷藏车的漏气量标准应设定为在50 Pa压差条件下不大于10 m3/h,比现有标准规定减少了75％.此外,通过使用新工艺和新技术,改进车厢、车门和排水口结构,减少车体漏泄点,有效提高了车厢气密性能.

The present invention discloses a railroad boxcars movable side wall and an opening and closing mechanism, comprising a spacer assembly, the end portion of the opening and closing mechanism, pivot rods, side door intermediate clamping device, consisting of a shaft, the shaft composition, and the composition of the upper rail orbitals; when loading or unloading the present invention, a greater degree of opening of movable side wall, few any suitable tonnage truck loading platform to the ground in an arbitrary position of loading and unloading; rods and is provided with pivot means and intermediate packer, transit movable side wall has kept closed reliable security and self-locking.

Describes the railroad hopper car control technology status.According to the requirements for the main functions of bottom door and top cover like opening/ closing control and information exchange deliver when hopper cars employing the automatic control technology,focus on the application principle and assembly of locomotive remote automatic control systems based on both RFID and ECP when applied to hopper cars,summed up the two automatic control technology technical characteristics and prospects of automatic control technology in the hopper car application prospects.

Described are main features,technical parameters,structure,calculation and testing of the TP9A box cars for transport of special goods.

The invention discloses a side wall assembly of a railway bathtub open wagon, relates to the railway bathtub open wagon and mainly overcomes the defect that the traditional side wall assembly of the railway bathtub open wagon does not contribute to the improvement of the overall corrosion resistance and assembly manufacturability of the wagon body. The side wall assembly comprises an upper side beam, a side upright post and a side wall plate which are connected in a welding way, wherein the upper side beam is positioned at the upper ends of the side upright post and the side wall plate. The side wall assembly is characterized by also comprising a lower side beam, wherein the back face and the opening face of the lower side beam are connected with the lower end of the side upright post and the outer side of the side wall plate in the welding way respectively. The side wall assembly has the advantages of meeting the requirements of overall corrosion resistance and light weight of the wagon body at the same time and improving the assembly manufacturability of the wagon body, along with simple structure and convenience in connection with an underframe assembly.

Owing to the incapability in adjusting the temperature and bulk of transferred cargo,traditional railway refrigerator car used in the present is outdated and challenged seriously by the road refrigerator car for its flexibility.Based on the premier railway refrigerator car,multiple temperature zones are proposed to build so that the temperature and bulk of transferred cargo are able to change with the different transportation requirements.Such a new type of the railway refrigerator car strengthened greatly the flexibility,and therefore is competent with the road refrigerator car.

The effect of the environment of Qingzang Highland on the mechanical refrigerator cars is analyzed.The key points and techniques developed and researched for the mechanical refrigerator cars for Qingzang Railway are described.The operation and management mode of the cars are discussed.