Introducing Co(II) chloride into a styrene epoxide–CuCl2–α-naphthol ternary system inhibits the consumption of epoxide and α-naphthol and the absorption of oxygen by the system in a methanol solution (305– 330 K). Similarly, oxygen absorption is inhibited by the introduction of CoCl2 into a cyclohexene epoxide–CuCl2– α-naphthol ternary system. When ionol is used instead of α-naphthol as an aromatic alcohol in a ternary system, the introduction of cobalt(II) chloride does not inhibit the oxidation.

A simplifi ed procedure for the synthesis of Pd 0 /TiO 2 xerogel has been developed, which includes the following steps: hydrolysis of tetrabutoxytitanium from its mixture with a palladium salt in an acetic acid atmosphere, drying and calcining the material at 860 °C. Palladium in the calcined xerogel is present in the form of spherical particles, titanium dioxide — as rutile aggregates.

Pd/TiO2–SiO2 xerogels containing 0.15–0.75 wt % palladium are prepared from Pd(NO3)2 · 2H2O solutions in a mixture of tetrabutoxytitanium (TBT) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in a desiccator under acetic acid–water vapors in the batch mode at 20°С followed by drying and calcination of the material at 850°С. IR spectroscopy showed that the presence of Pd(NO3)2 · 2H2O has no effect on the amount of newly formed Ti–O–Si bonds in the double oxide TiO2–SiO2 over the range of salt concentrations studied. X-ray powder diffraction showed that palladium present in the xerogel calcined at 850°С is in the form of Pd(0) nanoparticles. The electron-microscopic morphology study showed that the items prepared (Pd(0) nanoparticles) had near-spherical shapes; their sizes fell in the range 20–230 nm. A means for varying Pd(0) nanoparticle size in the material is to vary the palladium(II) salt concentration at the dissolution stage.

Pd/TiO 2 –SiO 2 xerogels containing 0.15–0.75 wt % palladium are prepared from Pd(NO 3 ) 2 · 2H 2 O solutions in a mixture of tetrabutoxytitanium (TBT) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in a desiccator under acetic acid–water vapors in the batch mode at 20°С followed by drying and calcination of the material at 850°С. IR spectroscopy showed that the presence of Pd(NO 3 ) 2 · 2H 2 O has no effect on the amount of newly formed Ti–O–Si bonds in the double oxide TiO 2 –SiO 2 over the range of salt concentrations studied. X-ray powder diffraction showed that palladium present in the xerogel calcined at 850°С is in the form of Pd(0) nanoparticles. The electron-microscopic morphology study showed that the items prepared (Pd(0) nanoparticles) had near-spherical shapes; their sizes fell in the range 20–230 nm. A means for varying Pd(0) nanoparticle size in the material is to vary the palladium(II) salt concentration at the dissolution stage.

The TiO2 and TiO2SiO2 xerogels were prepared by hydrolyzing tetrabutoxytitanium or its mixture with tetraethoxysilane. The synthesis was conducted in an acetic acidwater atmosphere under stationary conditions followed by calcinations. The final TiO2 and TiO2SiO2 xerogels represented 3D globular pore structure with a narrow globule size distribution. At hydrolysis of terabutoxytitanium, acetic acid vapors favored formation of TiO2 xerogel with a higher surface area compared to the material produced without acidic catalyst.

How the specific surface area and the amorphous-to-crystalline titania phase ratio in TiO2–SiO2 (14 mol % TiO2) xerogels change during the fivefold repeated cycles comprising the hydrogen peroxide treatment of the xerogel followed by drying and calcining of the binary material, was traced by the BET method, X-ray powder diffraction, and IR spectroscopy.

ZrO 2 –SiO 2 xerogels have been synthesized through hydrolysis of a mixture of tetrabutoxyzirconium and tetraethoxysilane in a desiccator in a vapor of a 15% aqueous NH 3 atmosphere. ZrO 2 –SiO 2 –Cu(II) xerogels were synthethized analogously through joint hydrolysis of a mixture of the organometallic precursors and copper(II) chloride. The effect of synthesis conditions on the physical and chemical properties of the resulting material has been studied.

Investigation of the kinetics of oxygen absorption by the aniline–styrene epoxide- p -toluenesulfonic acid ternary system (TS) in an acetonitrile solution led to a simple equation for the oxidation rate: V TS = k [aniline] 0 • [epoxide] 0 [acid] 1 at [aniline], [epoxide] ≫ [acid], k = 0.77 × 10 –3 s –1 , and 343 K. The data obtained indicated that a complex of the three starting reagents formed before oxidation. In a mixed solvent containing tert -butanol, the dependence of V TS on its composition was extremum. A scheme was suggested that explained the change in the dependence V TS = k ′[aniline] –0.63 [epoxide] 0.86 [acid] 1 in the mixed solvent by the decomposition of the complex in the presence of alcohol.

TiO2–ZrO2 binary oxides were prepared by joint hydrolysis of tetrabutoxytitanium (TBT) and tetrabutoxyzirconium (TBZ) mixtures under an atmosphere of H2O vapor and 10% aqueous NH3 in the batch mode. The physical and chemical properties of the thus-prepared samples were studied as dependent on the synthesis parameters.

Joint hydrolysis of tetrabutoxytitanium and tetraethoxysilane in a desiccator in the presence of water vapor was used to synthesize spherical granules of a TiO2-SiO2 binary xerogel with a KU-23 polymeric cation exchanger used as a matrix. Specific structural features of the resulting new form of the catalytic system were revealed. It was shown that the catalytic activity of titanium contained in the Ti-O-Si mixed amorphous phase substantially exceeds that of TiO2 in the anatase phase.

Tungsten oxide bronzes were produced by an original method of high-temperature electrochemical deposition. Their catalytic properties in a model process of desulfurization of petroleum products-benzothiophene peroxidation were studied. The effect of the particle size on the catalytic and catalase activity of samples was shown.

Cohydrolysis of tetrabutoxytitanium and tetraethoxysilane in a desiccator in the presence of water vapor produced a TiO2-SiO2 binary xerogel and its Cu(II)-containing analog. The hydrolysis was performed without using either a solvent, or redox catalysts. The effect of the synthesis conditions on the physicochemical properties of the obtained material was studied.