The published data on long-term observations on cycles of the activity of the Sun and stars of late spectral classes (F, G, K) were analyzed. Quasiperiodic oscillations (QPO) in solar activity with periods varying from 1.8 (7-year cycles) to 12.5 years (24-year cycles) were revealed for the first time. A high degree of correlation between QPO periods and long-term cycles of variations in the activity of the Sun and stars was revealed.

На основе анализа данных наземных, ракетных и спутниковых измерений интенсивности континуума верхней атмосферы в видимой и ближней инфракрасной областях спектра разработана модель, описывающая закономерности спектрального распределения интенсивности эмиссий континуума и их вариации для различных гелиогеофизических условий.Выполнен расчет абсолютной интегральной интенсивности инфракрасных компонент эмиссии континуума с использованием полученных в лабораторных условиях скоростей фотохимических реакций между молекулами окиси азота и невозбужденной и возбужденной молекулами озона.Показано, что высотное распределение интенсивности непрерывного спектра излучения атмосферы в инфракрасной области спектра охватывает диапазон высот средней атмосферы от 10 до 15 км.Сопоставление рассчитанных значений интенсивности континуума с результатами ее спектрофотометрических наземных измерений в ближней инфракрасной области спектра позволило уточнить коэффициент скорости реакции молекул окиси азота с озоном, ответственной за возникновение эмиссии континуума в ИК области спектра.В модели представлены особенности вариаций высотного распределения объемной интенсивности ИК континуума для различных гелиогеофизических условий.Выполненные исследования показали, что основной интервал высот излучающего слоя континуума, обусловленного процессом NO+O, находится на высотах 80

The variations in different (7–21 years) activity periods (F10.7) in the atmospheres of stars of the late spectral types (G2–K5) and the Sun have been considered. F10.7 quasiperiodic oscillations with periods varying from 1.8 to 12.5 years have been detected. The oscillation amplitudes account for ~20% of the amplitude of the long-term cycle maximum. It has been found that the logarithm of quasiperiodic oscillations correlates well (r = 0.900 ± 0.051) with the period of the long-term activity cycle.

The specific features and variations in the continuum emission volume intensity for different heliogeophysical conditions were revealed based on rocket and satellite measurements of this emission in the upper atmosphere in the visible spectral region. It was indicated that the main interval of the continuum emitting layer related to the NO + O process is located at an altitude of 80–110 km. If an emission is caused by the interaction between nitrogen oxide and ozone molecules in disturbed and undisturbed states, the emission emitting layer covers the entire middle atmosphere above the troposphere.

The absolute integral intensity of the IR components of the continuum emission is calculated from the laboratory velocities of photochemical reactions between NO and nonexcited and excited O-3 molecules. The vertical intensity distribution of the continuous radiation spectrum of the upper atmosphere (continuum) in the IR area spans a range of heights of the middle atmosphere from 10 to 15 km. A comparison of the calculated values of the continuum intensity with the results of its spectrophotometric surface measurements in the near-IR spectrum allowed refinement of the coefficient of velocity of the NO-ozone reaction responsible for origination of the continuum emission in the IR spectrum range.

We calculated the absolute integrated intensity of the continuum emission infrared components using the laboratoryobtained rates of photochemical reaction between nitric oxide molecules and oxygen atoms, as well as with non-excited and excited ozone molecules. Altitude distribution of the intensity of continuum radiation in atmosphere in infrared region of a spectrum covers a range of heights of the middle atmosphere from 10 up to 15 km with a maximum at height about 30 km.

On the basis of multiyear ground-based, rocket, and satellite studies of characteristics of the hydroxyl emission of the upper atmosphere, information on longitudinal changes in the height of its emitting layer, the vibrational temperature, and the intensity of emission of various vibrational levels of the hydroxyl molecule OH is obtained.

Выполнен анализ данных наземных и спутниковых измерений в видимой и ближней инфракрасной областях спектра интенсивности эмиссии континуума (непрерывного излучения) верхней атмосферы. Данные получены на геофизических станциях, расположенных в различных частях земного шара, и с борта орбитального космического корабля “Мир”. Выявлены закономерности спектрального распределения интенсивности эмиссии континуума и ее вариации для различных гелио-геофизических условий.

На основе данных многолетних наземных, ракетных и спутниковых исследований характеристик гидроксильного излучения верхней атмосферы получены сведения о долготных изменениях высоты ее излучающего слоя, колебательной температуры и интенсивности излучения различных колебательных уровней молекулы гидроксила ОН.

The ground-based and satellite measurements of the upper-atmosphere continuum (continuous emission) intensity in the visible and near IR spectral regions have been analyzed. The data were obtained at the geophysical stations, located in different regions of the globe, and at Mir Space Station. The regularities in the spectral distribution of the continuum emission intensity and emission variations have been revealed for different heliogeophysical conditions.

A problem of estimating the significance of revealed trends appears in the analysis of long-term variations in the parameters of different processes that describe the state of geophysical phenomena and similar processes. If the time interval is limited, the range of variations in the studied values appears to be small. This causes small values of the correlation and regression coefficients. Such a situation is usually interpreted as a low significance level of the observed processes, which is not always true and a detailed analysis is needed.

Data on longitudinal variations in the hydroxyl emission have been obtained based on long-term studies of the mesopause temperature and hydroxyl (OH) emission at different ground stations in the Northern Hemisphere and based on temperature measurements on the UARS WINDII satellite. Maximums at longitudes of Eurasia and North America and minimums over the Pacific and Atlantic oceans have been revealed in the global longitudinal temperature distribution. The average longitudinal temperature values show distinct seasonal variations. Local nonstationary large-scale inhomogeneities in the form of temperature maximums and minimums up to 30 K relative to the average temperature, correlating with the variations in the irregularity dimensions reaching several tens of degrees in longitude and latitude (which corresponds to several thousand kilometers), exist against a background of the average global temperature variation, reflecting the surface topography.