受层间注水压差大的影响,目前大压差井分注管柱在井寿命均较短,平均为26个月,超过80％管柱的寿命小于36个月.为达到延寿目的,通过六西格玛质量管理中的分析、设计、验证的方法与流程,找到影响寿命的关键因子,开展相应设计优化并进行性能验证.通过改善扩张式封隔器胶筒结构,使肩部应力降低了 54.4％,有效缓解了应力集中现象,延长了胶筒使用寿命.利用改进后的扩张式封隔器组配分注管柱,通过高温加速试验模型模拟管柱在井寿命.模拟结果表明,管柱寿命在井36个月的可靠性达到95.75％,实现了延寿的目的.

针对常规扩张式封隔器锚定力小、寿命短的问题,设计了防蠕动扩张式封隔器.设计胶筒锚定结构,实现封隔器自身的锚定功能,避免钢性锚定对套管的损伤;优化胶筒表面结构,提高胶筒锚定力;设计锚定传力液缸,降低注入流体对封隔器寿命的影响.该封隔器具有2种解封方式,既满足正常生产时的反洗井需求,又降低配套管柱后期的检换风险.室内试验及现场应用表明,其锚定性能较常规封隔器提高30％以上,可有效降低管柱蠕动影响,延长分注管柱寿命,提高水驱油藏开发水平.可广泛应用于出砂、吐聚油藏的分注井.

针对任一级扩张式封隔器损坏或底球漏失导致检修更换扩张式分层注水管柱的问题,根据液压传动原理,研制了液缸扩张式封隔器,使封隔器内、外压力系统相对独立,以避免封隔器失效引起的检修更换分层注水管柱作业;根据现场实际情况,研制了组合式沉砂洗井阀和防漏装置,在保证正向密封的同时,降低底球漏失对分层注水管柱性能的影响.液缸扩张式封隔器与组合式沉砂洗井阀、防漏装置配合设计了受力平衡的扩张式分层注水管柱,形成了长效扩张式分注技术.该技术在胜利油田现场应用100余井次,均持续有效.现场应用结果表明,该技术可以有效解决单级及以上扩张式封隔器损坏、底球漏失引起的扩张式分层注水管柱整体失效的问题,提高注水开发效果.

To achieve reasonable allocation and stable regulation of water injection in injection wells with large differential pressure in middle and high permeability reservoirs, a real-time adjusting water distributor is designed by using dynamic throttling pressure regulating principle of spring-piston system. The regulating performance of this distributor is simulated with Simulink and ADAMS by building an appropriate mechanical model, and its main dy-namic adjusting characteristics are investigated, including the initial adjusting pressure, effective movement region and stabilization time. In addition, the pressure wave pattern, spring stiffness and piston cross-sectional area are optimized. Simulation results show that, the larger the spring stiffness of water distributor, the shorter time it takes for the system to become stable; the piston displacement is decreased as the spring stiffness is increased with differ-ent spring stiffness, and with different cross-sectional areas of the piston right side, the piston displacement is de-creased as the area is decreased. The simulation results could provide basis for the series design of real-time adjus-ting and distributing mechanism in the future.

Ol d oil fields due to insufficient formation energy and poor flow ability,the reacted acid of conventional acidization and formation pollutants of well-bore area is difficult to be discharged, which seriously affects the efficiency and validity of acidization.In response to these problems, powerful plug removal jet device of fixed and reverse circulation is developed,the partial double pipe technology is used to isolate of high pressure and low pressure liquid,low pressure is quickly formed near well-bore area using the flow pressure effect of the nozzle and throat,pollutants is powerfully sucked to the ground.In this paper,structure parameters is designed and optimized. Pump characteristics is tested by laboratory experiment which shows that the suction and lift abil-ity meets the needs of the field production through matching the nozzle and diffuser.The device has been used more than 30 times in Shengli Oilfield,the maximum depth was 2 200 m,the largest drawdown pressure was 15 MPa,and the penetration ability of wells was greatly improved.

上提解封的液力压缩式封隔器,由于注水压力的波动会使封隔器产生上下蠕动,降低了封隔器的分层效果,严重时会使封隔器由于剪钉的剪断而自动解封,使整套分层注水管柱失效.根据注水过程中遇到的以上问题,研制了防蠕动多功能封隔器.该封隔器不仅具有防止其上下蠕动的锚定机构,还有防止其自动解封的内锚定机构,并且具有上压控制式洗井机构,可以实现反循环洗井,增强了分层注水管柱的适应性.

The injection pressure difference among water layers is higher than allocated pressure difference,and separated layer water allocation can not be achieved for high pressure difference separate injection well. To solve these problems,research on pressure difference decomposed water distributor was carried out to realize throttle and pressure reduction of high permeable layers,to control non-effective water injecting. Series connection of water nozzle buck structure was used in this water distributor,so the regulation range of pressure difference between high permeable layers and low permeable layers was increased. The pilot test is carried out in five wells, construction success rate reaches to 100%.

As far as the expansion packer is concerned,there exist pressure fluctuation and automatic unsetting during the injection suspension,which will cause interlayer channeling.Considering this problem,the K344(1)-112 airtight expansion packer was developed.The packer is kept in sealing state in pressure fluctuation of water injection and shut-in injection suspension,so the problem of interlayer channeling has been solved.Two unsetting methods were designed.One method is reverse well flushing unsetting method;the other is string-lift unsetting method.The packer is subject to axial compression in water injection,thus stress concentration on the packer rubber end is effectively relieved and the service life of the packer is lengthened.The packer was applied to 53 separate-layer injection wells in Shengli Oilfield in the experiment with a 100% success rate of operation.The packing of the packer is reliable and interlayer channeling can be prevented.The two unsetting methods are reliable in unsetting and they can satisfy the requirement of backwashing and string tripping.