The study developed an in situ detector of marine radioactivity based on the NaI(TI) scintillator,and then a series of tests were taken to obtain its performance parameters.The results show that the detector's accuracy already meets the needs of marine radioactivity monitoring and early warning,though it is still worse than traditional laboratory methods.The detector should be placed underwater with water surrounding for more than 3m to minimize the environmental radioactivity background.It was proved by the laboratory experiments that the potassium in seawater will affect the 137Cs result,but the impact can be corrected by the 40K data.These results indicate that it is feasible to monitor marine radioactivity for real-time,using the in situ detector based on the NaI(TI) crystal.At the same time,lots of work should be done to improve the performance,such as low power consumption design,the detection efficiency improvement,construction of test sites and so on.

Now,analysis of 137Cs in seawater is tedious and prolonged because of the inappropriate materials and complicated processing methods used.To answer the call for measurement and analysis of 137Cs in seawater,this paper proposes a conven-ient procedure for the determination of radiocaesium by gamma(γ)-spectrometry.An improved ammonium phosphomolybdate(AMP) procedure is proposed: adjust the pH to 1.2~3.3,next add 50 mg CsCl per 5 L seawater to form an insoluble compound,then add 1 g AMP(40~60 mesh)/5 L seawater to every 20~100 L seawater sample.Stir at a rate of 30 L air/min for 30 min,then recover the AMP/Cs compound after 6~24 h.The weight yield of AMP/Cs compound was about 93%~100% of AMP for 40 L samples and the radiochemical 137Cs yield was 94%~102%.137Cs activities in 20~100 L samples from sea surface in the Hangzhou Bay were measured by the im-proved procedure.There is no significant difference between gamma(γ)-spectrometry and beta counting with paired design student test.

The recycling process and conditions and methods of depuration water were explored to recycling and use of the sodium carbonate from the ADC foaming agent waste.Test showed that waste solid contained Na2CO3 35.37%,N2H4 0.045%,NaCl 0.655%,and NaOH 0.7%,and few violently poisonous materials hydrazine were in the waste water.According to the characteristics of solid waste and wastewater,the recycling sodium carbonate with two secondary load crystallization law and a filtrate heavy crystallization law,and the processing wastewater used the industry sodium hypochlorite oxo-process.When heavy crystallization recycling sodium carbonate,the choice liquid-solid mass ratio was 2：1,solution temperature was 50 ℃,the crystallizing temperature was 0 ℃,after two times of secondary load crystallize,the sodium carbonate total returns-ratio was 63.48%,and after removing the moisture content,the sodium carbonate content achieved above 99.8%.Using of the sodium hypochlorite to deal with wastewater containing hydrazine,the choice available chlorine and the nitrogen mass ratio was 5：1,pH value was less than 7.0,and the removal rate of hydrazine was larger than 99.0%.

根据2010年4月份和7月份象山港海域水质调查资料,应用富营养化状态指数和潜在富营养化对象山港水体富营养化进行了分析和评价。结果表明,象山港海域整体处于严重的富营养化状态,丰水期富营养化状态指数中DIN占优势,其次为COD,这两者起到绝对作用;另外,枯水期COD占优势,水体有机污染较为严重。从营养结构看,与Redfield值[1]和Justic等提出的营养盐化学计量限制标准[2-6]比较,符合P限制。按照富营养化状态指数,象山港海域两个季节,不论表、底层海水均处于高富营养状态,港底附近海域富营养化程度高于港湾口,一旦水文气象条件适宜,随时有爆发赤潮的可能。

Based on seawater pCO2 measurements obtained for the first-time in the North Branch of Changjiang River Estuary,combined with the temperature,salinity and other parameters,its spatial and temporal distribution,variations and influencing factors were studied.The results show that the seawater pCO2 is generally higher at the fresh water end and lower at the seawater end.The seawater pCO2 of the North Branch is higher than that of the South Branch obviously at the same salinity.There is a good negative correlation between the seawater pCO2 and the salinity in the southern section of the North Branch,indicating that the area is significantly affected by the tide and the change process is mainly controlled by the mixing of salt and fresh water.The seawater pCO2 and salinity in the northern section of the North Branch have the same changing trend,with a net increase of seawater pCO2 in this area,which indicates that it is not only affected by the exchange of salt and fresh water,but also by other factors,such as river input,biological respiration and decomposition of carbonates and so on.