<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">健康扶贫是精准扶贫的组成部分,也是当前扶贫工作的重要内容。健康扶贫政策的实施将推动中国、乃至全人类共同减贫目标的实现。改革开放以来,我国扶贫工作取得显著成效,但因病致贫、因病返贫的发生率仍然相对较高。文章首先回顾了我国健康扶贫政策的历史发展,然后从医疗保障、医疗、公共卫生三个方面系统总结了目前我国健康扶贫政策的主要内容,并发现实施中存在以下问题:流动人口健康扶贫制度不完善,基本医疗保险、医疗救助、临时救助制度衔接不良,对口帮扶主体单一,传统补偿方式加重医院负担,贫困地区居民心理健康重视不够、贫困地区健康环境的基础设施不完善等。最后提出相应建议以保障贫困人口享有基本健康权利。</span>

隔代教养与亲代教养是我国子女教养的主要方式.在社会转型期,亲代为了生计疲于奔波,无暇顾及子女的教养问题,0—3岁婴幼儿群体隔代教养现象尤为突出,但当前隔代教养和亲代教养未能较好形成合力.如何促使隔代亲代形成教养合力,切实提高隔代教养质量,发挥隔代教养的最大积极作用,促进0—3岁婴幼儿的身心健康发展,是全社会亟须思考解决的问题.

目的：探讨婴幼儿主动脉弓中断或主动脉缩窄合并其他心内畸形的一期矫治的体外循环管理及灌注方法。方法总结41例主动脉弓离断或缩窄合并其他心内畸形的病例。年龄8 d～5岁，体质量2．8～16．0 kg。均经胸骨正中切口在深低温（深低温停循环组21例）或中度低温（中度低温停循环组20例）体外循环下行一期矫治术。结果深低温和中度低温停循环组体外循环时间[（151．25±42．12） min与（127．33±35．46） min，t＝3．748，P＝0．034]差异有统计学意义，两组主动脉阻断时间[（67．74±37．42） min与（65．43±36．74） min，t＝1．364，P＝0．061]、脑灌注时间[（22．42±7．34） min与（23．25±6．74） min，t＝0．412，P＝0．074]、术后插管时间[（90．74±65．30） h 与（85．13±42．28） h，t＝0．158，P＝0．055]、ICU滞留时间[（6．92±3．80） d与（6．65±3．23） d，t＝0．142，P＝0．059]差异均无统计学意义。两组患儿均无神经功能并发症的发生。结论婴幼儿深低温或中度低温停循环结合选择性脑灌注技术应用的体外循环管理应全程精细化控制，两种温度管理均取得良好的效果，且中度低温组可明显缩短体外循环时间。

[ Abstract]:Objective To summarize the management of cardiopulmonary bypass( CPB) in patients undergoing surgery with to?tal video thoracoscope. Methods A retrospective analysis of 58 patients undergoing cardiac surgery with total video thoracoscope from March 2012 to Auguat 2014 was conducted. 17 patients were male, 41 patients were female. The patient age was 35.19±14.51 years and weight was 57.64±11.47 kg. Twenty eight(48.27%)patients of atrial septal defect, 12(20.69%)patients of atrial septal defect and tricuspid valvuloplasty, 12(20.69%)patients of left atrial myxoma, 1(1.73%)patients of right atarial tumor, 1(1.73%)patient of par?tial atrioventricular canal defect, 3(5.17%)patients of atrial septal defect and pulmonary stenosis, 1(1.72%)patient of atrial septal defect and unroofed coronary sinus received surgery. The arterial catheter was placed in the right femoral vein, the venous catheter was placed in the superior vena cava to set up CPB. Middle–hypothermia, middle-hemodilution, middle-high flow rate perfusion were used during the CPB, the myocardium was protected by coronary perfusion with 4:1 cold oxygenated blood. Aortic corss-clamping was performed in 56 pantients and 2 patients had beating heart surgery. Results Cardiopulmonary bypass time ranged form 65 min to 178 min with a mean of 108.83±24.73 (min). Aortic cross-clamp time ranged from 20 min to 78 min with a mean of 52.46±17.29 (min). Fifty six patients had spontaneous cardiac rhythm recovery whereas 2 patients had ventricular fibrillation and recovery sinus rhythm by electric defibrillation. Four patients experienced inadequate venous drainage, and superior vena cava ( SVC) cannulation had to be per?formed to facilitate blood drainage.Three patients had excessively high femoral pressure and the left femoral artery cannula was required. Vascular injury happened in two cases from difficulty in removal of femoral artery cannulae fromone patient and piercing of the femoral artery by the guiding wire. The mechanical ventilation time was 6.13±2.33(h)andthe time of stay in ICU was 21.05±4.35(h). Thechest tube drainage was 142.07±52.07(mL).No complications was noted and all patients were cured and discharged. Conclusion It is very important to choose suitable cannula type and make sure they are put in the right way. Effective drainage and perfusion and good communication between surgeons and perfusionistsare also very important for the successful management of CPB for total videothoraco?scopic cardiac surgery.

In view of weak cost control status of current engineering project during the whole process,this article focuses on the discussion on engineering cost control and management of the engineering project during whole process,which has certain guiding significance for improving cost management level of the engineering project during whole process.

实施岗位设置管理制度,是高校人事管理制度的重大改革和创新。高校学报应以岗位设置管理为推动力,针对目前学报编辑激励机制中存在的问题,遵循科学的激励原则,创新学报编辑激励机制,充分调动学报编辑队伍工作的积极性、创造性和主动性,实现学报发展和编辑自身发展的和谐统一。

Objective:To analyze the cause of operation procedure delay and bring forward solutions to optimize the procedure.Methods:We used questionnaire investigation,observation and interview methods to collect all information related to operation procedure delay.Results:The average time of different stage of operation process was between(12.60 ± 8.56) min and(108.96 ± 77.75) min.The main factors influencing the operation schedule were waiting for waking from anaesthesia,waiting for pathology results,patients signing on the informed consent about anaesthesia,waiting for surgeon,difficulties in puncture for anaesthesia,waiting for elevator when picking up patients,waiting for anaesthetist,unavailable of ICU beds and long-time hand-over reports.Conclusion:The whole operation flow is a complicated process with multiple stages.Many factors could influence the process.We need to implement effective strategy to optimize the operation flow to solve the operation procedure delay problem and increase work efficiency of operation room.

本文从转型时期高校学报面对的问题及其核心竞争力的构成,探讨了高校学报核心竞争力的培育途径,即以内容为核心,找准定位,加强个性策划,提高学术竞争力;以作者为核心,开发作者资源,提高学报的生存能力;以读者为核心,加强经营管理,开发增值服务;以编辑为核心,构建创新环境,强化综合能力的培养;以刊社为核心,建立具有激励机制的管理体制和刊社文化。

According to the experience of to be employed in supervision,it discusses the problems existing in the city road project supervision and specifically introduces how to do well the supervision and perfect the supervision progress,to get the purpose of increasing the road project quality.

番红花(Saffron)为鸢尾科(Iridaceae)多年生草本植物番红花Crocus sativus L.的干燥柱头.它原产于地中海、小亚细亚一带,具有活血化瘀,凉血解毒,解郁安神之功效,为妇科良药,同时也是食品、色素及染料等工业的上等原料.我国目前药用的番红花80%依赖进口,故价格昂贵(600美元/kg),被誉为"红色金子".

台湾中医药与祖国大陆中医药同宗同脉,为中华民族共同创造的五千年文化,现就台湾地区中医药人才现状及培养模式简述如下. 1 历史回顾 明代以前,台湾素有"瘴疫之区"之称,疫气盛行.尽管原住民也初步掌握了一些医药知识,但总体水平较低,医、巫并存.明朝年间,随着造船业和航海技术的发展,海峡两岸的交流日益扩大,特别是明末清初以后,大量的大陆移民南迁台湾,带去了中原文化的同时,也传入了中医药,其中最典型的是清朝光绪年间台湾建省后,有300多万大陆移民南移台湾,使中医药成为当时台湾的主流医学.日占时期(1895～1945),东洋医学、西医大量传入台湾,使中医药受到遏制.上世纪50年代,"救亡图存"运动在台湾中医药界掀起,70年代以后,天然药物、针灸疗法日益受到世人的重视.台湾选择了融汇中西医药、培养兼通中西医学人才、促进中医药现代化的发展道路,使中医药事业出现了稳定发展的新局面.

留置胃管是临床常用的一种护理操作.留置胃管的固定方法,护理人员进行了较多探索[1-2],但仍存在胃管固定不牢,或固定方法复杂等不足.我们通过多年的临床护理实践,总结出一种新式固定胃管的方法,在临床200余例鼻饲患者中应用,收到良好效果.现介绍如下.

It introduces the conception,feature,split level style and the fluctuated scale of split level house,and analyses the living economical of split level house.From the aspects of construction design and structure design, it represents the problem that should be improved in the design of split level house,points out that it has an extensive develop foreground of split level house.

在网络发展"内容为王"的金科玉律下,对资源的控制能力是至关重要的,拥有出版资源也就是拥有了市场的控制能力和强大的发展动力。