目的:了解皮肤科医生对性病患者的污名印象与歧视现状,并探讨其影响因素。方法:对参加2006年中国中西医结合皮肤性病学术会议的皮肤科医生,依照报到顺序按约1∶5的比例进行抽样,采用自行设计的问卷进行匿名的横断面调查,了解其对当前性病现象的看法,以及对性病患者的污名印象和歧视情况,并采用多分类Logistic回归进行影响因素分析。结果:现场发放问卷171份,回收有效问卷138份,有效应答率为80.7%。对当前性病现象的看法中,94.9%的皮肤科医生认为"性病患者同样享有平等就医权利",而赞成"患者以外的其他人也应对性病现象负有一定责任"者仅为47.8%。在所列举的6种对性病患者污名印象中,皮肤科医生认为最突出的是"认为其行为不检点"（28.3%）。在导致感染的10种常见行为原因中,皮肤科医生对"主动自愿从事性服务业"的性病患者歧视现象最明显（68.8%）,而相比之下对"遭遇性侵犯等被迫原因"（6.5%）和"非性交途径的其他污染"（4.4%）所致感染者的歧视程度则较轻微。多分类Logistic回归分析结果显示,已婚、职称低、三级医院、专科医院的皮肤科医生更易对性病患者产生污名印象（OR:0.16～14.55）,而女性、年轻、从医时间短、职称低的皮肤科医生更易对性病患者产生歧视（OR:0.15～1.17）。结论:在皮肤科医生中,年轻、从医时间短、职称低、女性、已婚、三级医院、专科医院的医生对性病患者更易产生污名印象与歧视情况。

如同麻风、精神病、艾滋病等疾病类似,性传播疾病(性病)由于具有一系列不被社会所期望的特征而被冠以坏名声,即被贴上"污名"的社会标签,并可导致针对患者的"歧视"现象出现.虽然社会公众的负面反应有利于从道德角度抑制疫情发展,但却可能会影响患者的正常就医行为,并非总是有利于性病防治工作.尽管此问题已引起医学界和社会学家的关注,但目前为止国内外在此领域的研究报道并不多[1,2].为此,本研究以上海某社区居民(居民)为研究对象,通过对其性病相关污名与歧视现状进行专题调研,为今后相关研究和制订策略提供一些理论依据.

我们拟通过对某大学临床医学生的STD相关歧视现状进行专题调研,为今后制订消除STD歧视策略提供理论依据.

Objective To explore current STD-related discrimination among nursing students of a university,and to provide scientific basis for developing intervention strategies to eliminate such discrimination.Methods A total of 329 nursing students selected from a university with stratified random sampling method were anonymously surveyed by a self-administered questionnaire.Their views of the phenomena of STD,impression of STD patients,and degrees of discrimination against STD patients were examined in the current cross-sectional survey.Results A total of 310 validated data were obtained.Although many of the nursing students could take right attitude to the phenomena of STD,only 19.4% of them believed that STD patients should not be punished for their diseases.Negative approaches to STD patients were present among nursing students to various degrees(35.2%～53.5%),and the improvement of their STD related knowledge may help to reduce their negative attitude to STD patients.No matter how patients were infected with STD,nursing students anyhow had different degrees of discrimination against them(2.2%～93.4%).Also,the disparities of discrimination against STD patients among nursing students had nothing to do with the duration of medical education they had received.Conclusion The STD-related discrimination among nursing students of this university was obvious.To eliminate STD-related discrimination among nursing students,some measures should be adopted to improve their knowledge of STDs,and to strengthen education in medical ethics and humanities among them.

<正>随着医学模式的转变,医疗措施目的已从单纯的躯体疾病治疗逐渐转移到全面提高患者的生活质量。性病作为影响公众健康的重要疾病,不但给患者带来躯体痛苦,而且还对其心理和社会适应方面造成显著影响,如何提高其生活