Objective To explore the effect of patient controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA) on scoliosis patients after the surgery and its influencing factors.Methods A self-designed questionnaire was applied among 304 patients for general information such as gender,age,weight,duration of operation,dosage,amount of bleeding and amount of transfusion and Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) was utilized for pain assessment.Results With PCIA,patients' pain could be maintained at a middle or below level.At the first day after operation,pain while at rest was related with the duration of operation and pain while in movement was related with weight,dosage and the duration of operation.And at the second day after operation,patients' pain was related with dosage only.Conclusion PCIA is effective to alleviate pain for scoliosis patients after the surgery.Preventive nursing should be carried out based on different factors influencing patients' pain.

目的:研究阿立哌唑与利培酮治疗精神分裂症的疗效与安全性。方法:采用CCMD-3精神分裂症的诊断标准,223例精神分裂症患者随机分为阿立哌唑组(109例)和利培酮组(114例),治疗6周。治疗前后用阳性症状和阴性症状量表(PANSS)、临床疗效总评量表(CGI)和副反应量表(TESS)、锥体外系副反应量表(ESRS)评定疗效和安全性。结果:经6周治疗,223例患者完成研究。阿立哌唑组治愈率31.8%,有效率83.3%;利培酮组治愈率39.1%,有效率87.5%(P>0.05)。两组治疗前后PANSS总分、阳性症状、阴性症状、一般精神病理症状评分比较有显著差异(P<0.01)。阿立哌唑组阴性症状分治疗6周末下降较利培酮组明显,有显著差异(P<0.05)。治疗4周末、6周末阿立哌唑组反应缺乏分下降,和利培酮组比较有显著差异(P<0.05)。治疗4,6周末TESS评定阿立哌唑不良反应发生率低于利培酮(P<0.05)。阿立哌唑组主要不良反应是锥体外系副反应、失眠、头昏等。结论:阿立哌唑对精神分裂症患者安全有效。

Objective: To evaluate the diuretic and electrolyte effects of 4 different doses of tolvaptan in healthy male Chinese volunteers.Methods: Thirty-nine healthy men were randomly divided to four groups,and orally administered with tolvaptan at single dose of 15 mg(n=9),30 mg(n=10),60 mg(n=10),or 120 mg(n=10).The changes in urine volumes,serum concentrations of electrolytes and water drink volumes were observed;the body weight(BW) and adverse events were also observed during 48 h.Results: The average BW did not change significantly(P0.05).The urine volumes(mL) during 0~6 h,6~12 h,12~24 h and 24~48 h were(1 921±496),(2 977±389),(3 680±724),(3 948±398) after taking 15 mg;(1 361±500),(2 631±661),(3 492±1 094),(4 518±802) after taking 30 mg;(1 268±868),(2 167±1 074),(2 267±1 088),(3 981±1 667) after taking 60 mg;(1 302±624),(2 643±1 100),(2 460±660),(4 394±1 132) after taking 120 mg,respectively.The serum chloride and sodium concentrations were significantly increased at 24 h but recovered at 48 h after administration;especially the serum chloride was over the normal range(110 mmol ·L-1) but did not need to treat.The serum concentration of sodium was increased and that of potassium was decreased slightly,but they were within the normal ranges without clinical significance.Blood pressure and heart rate did not change significantly.Mild and moderate dry mouth and/or thirsty occurred in 13/39 volunteers(33.3%),but the symptoms were well tolerated.No severe adverse events were observed.Conclusion: Single doses of tolvaptan(15 mg,30 mg,60 mg or 120 mg) exert a strong diuretic effect that lasts for 24 h and is dose-dependent in healthy male Chinese volunteers;it also increases serum chloride concentration significantly but is well tolerated.

带教实习护士已不是什么新鲜事了,可带教外籍护士临床实习还是头一回.国情不同,所学专业课程不尽相同,语言的不同是带教过程中的最大障碍.但我科护理组克服种种困难,安全圆满地完成了带教任务,得到了外事部门的肯定,受到美籍护士们的高度赞扬,达到了预期的"双赢"目的.