利用日光温室冬季反季节生产鲜食玉米,试验揭示温室日低温是影响鲜食玉米本田生育期的决定因子,探明温室温度保持恒稳,鲜食玉米本田生育天数不会因播期不同而改变,设施反季节栽培应选用花期短、灌浆速率快的品种,采取育苗移栽定植,种植密度为52 500～60 000株/hm2,鲜食玉米商品穗产量可稳定超过6 000kg/hm2,纯收益达到75 000元/hm2.本试验创新了京郊设施农业生产模式,配套技术简便易行,经济效益高,为京郊设施农业多元化高效生产提供了新选择.

以陇油6号为指示品种,通过对8个不同播期下冬油菜的越冬保苗率、生育特性特征表现、经济性状、籽粒产量等指标的调查分析,认为8月25日至9月15日为北京地区冬油菜的适播期.这一阶段播种的油菜枯叶前苗龄都在10叶以上,越冬保苗率75%以上;春后各生育阶段及经济性状表现良好,尤其以9月1日和9月8日两个播期的油菜,千粒重较高,单株产量3.0～3.3g,每亩籽粒产量71～75kg,与8月18日播种的相比,亩增产23～27kg,增产幅度48%～57%.9月22日以后播种的油菜,枯叶前苗龄在8叶以下,根部干物质积累不足,抗冻害能力差,因此,北京地区应避免9月下旬以后播种冬油菜.

In order to study cultural practice of Zhongnongdatian 413, this paper was focused on test of different planting density. The results were showed that the highest yield was in density of 4 500 plant per 667 m2, commodity ear weight was 749.5 kg per 667 m2, fresh ear weight was 830.5 kg per 667 m2, fresh grain weight was 538.1 kg per 667 m2, the second and three yield of the density was respectively 5 000、5 500 plan per 667 m2, 3 dealing with differences between the party’s analysis had no significant differences. The fourth and sixth yield of the density was respectively 4 000、 3 500、 3 000 plan per 667 m2, 3 dealing with differences between the party’s analysis had significant differences. The first 3 processing and afer 3 processing had significant differences level. Meanwhile, with the sharp increase in density of length, longer lodging rate had increased. Comprehensive consideration, the optimum density of Zhongnongdatian 413 was from 4 000 to 4 500 per 667 m2.

<正>鲜食玉米作为特色农产品在北京市顺义区已经种植了十几年,种植面积也逐年扩大。2007年全区达到2万亩,从中受益的农户也屡见不鲜。如:木林镇西沿头村甘立新。2007年4月初,地膜覆盖种植

以天紫22和美玉7号2个糯玉米品种为材料,进行了3个氮素量与5个密度的裂区试验种植研究。通过对生育期、植株性状、鲜穗产量、果穗性状的考察分析得出,2个品种果穗各具特色。美玉7果穗细长,白粒,而天紫22果穗短小略粗,紫粒;美玉7株高301cm,比天紫22植株(272cm)高29cm;生育期95d,比天紫22(86d)长9d;美玉7号平均667m2产鲜穗1031.9kg,明显高于天紫22的807.4kg;美玉7号和天紫22最高鲜穗产量处理组合为667m2施氮20kg、留苗4500株。

通过引进中晚熟玉米新品种建立“早熟西瓜/中晚熟玉米”模式,提高模式玉米产量水平和综合经济效益。结果显示,中熟玉米新品种抗耐性强,产量构成因子发展均衡,资源利用效率高。“早熟西瓜/中晚熟玉米”模式,玉米产量增产16.9%~60.4%,经济效益提高10.8%~12.6%。