针对金川矿山采用的废石-棒磨砂混合粗骨料级配不良,导致充填料浆离析的问题,通过掺石灰石粉来改善骨料级配,进一步改善充填效果.对骨料进行了物化分析,在此基础上开展了混合骨料粒径级配分析,并进行了掺石灰石粉混合骨料充填体强度试验和料浆管输特性试验;根据试验结果采用BP神经网络建立模型对充填体强度和料浆管输特性进行预测,并进行了混合骨料充填料浆配比优化.研究表明:掺入适量的石灰石粉,不仅能有效改善粒径级配,提高充填体强度,而且能提高充填料浆流动性,对充填料浆管输特性有益,能明显改善充填效果;充填料浆优化配比为胶凝材料添加量310 kg/m3,石灰石粉掺量12.3％,料浆质量浓度80％,经过工业充填时取样验证,其塌落度、稠度、泌水率以及3 d、7 d和28 d抗压强度分别为25.41 cm、9.31 cm、6.7％、2.7 MPa、5.1 MPa和10.6 MPa,均满足矿山工业充填的要求,并且单位充填成本较原来降低了21％.

为保证生产安全的前提下提高采矿效率、降低采矿成本,结合龙首矿实际情况,采用ANSYS有限元三维模拟软件,构建龙首矿六角形进路三维模型,从最大主应力、最小主应力以及最大位移三方面入手,研究4m×4m×5m矩形进路以及4m×5m×5m、4m×6m×5m、4m×7m×5 m六角形进路共4种进路腰宽尺寸对充填体α进路的稳定性影响.结果表明,进路腰宽尺寸对于不同形状进路的最大主应力、最小主应力和整体位移影响比较显著,特别是矩形进路,相比其他3种六角形进路,其最大主应力、最小主应力以及最大位移在最大值与最小值上分别达到了3倍、14倍以及30倍;而进路腰宽对于相同形状的进路规格影响较小,在研究的3个方面上最大值分别为最小值的1.40倍、3.48倍和22.75倍.总体而言,随着进路腰宽的增长,腰宽4 m的矩形进路会大幅度影响充填体的稳定性,而腰宽5～7m的六角形进路对于充填体的稳定性影响较小,在实际生产中,对充填体α进路仅仅需要部分的支护和管理,就可以达到良好的生产效果.本次研究为先进采矿方法探究、进路充填体的稳定性研究提供了依据.

In order to calculate the thickness of filling-retaining wall correctly, the height of once-filling and concrete tensile strength were chosen as factors. Based on theory of elastic plates, the mechanical model was built for thickness of filling-retaining wall reinforced, and the relationship between filling height, concrete tensile strength and thickness of retaining wall was deduced. Taking Jinchuan NO.2 mine as the example for engineering analysis, the rule of filling height, concrete tensile strength and thickness of retaining wall was studied by CVM. The result shows that the thickness of filling decreases with the increase of the concrete tensile strength, and shows 1/2 power relations with certain retaining wall size and physical and mechanical parameters of filling slurry. And the thickness of filling increases with the increase of the height of once-filling, and shows 1/2 power relations under constant concrete tensile strength. Comparing the results with the existing theory of filling-retaining wall thickness, the correctness and rationality of the mechanical model are verified.

Filling mining method used in deep and lean ore mining is faced with the pressure of economic benefit and environmental protection in Jinchuan mine.It is very importance to be exploit a new cementitious material of filling make use of waste resource that improve the mining economic and social benefits and the sustainable development in Jinchuan mine.First present waste situation and is investigated and the problems of recycling use is analyzed in Jinchuan company;Then the research progress and technical progress and achievements for the utilization of abandoned secondary resources are summarized.On this basis,the resource comprehensive utilization ways and key technologies of solid waste to be used in filling mining technology implementation technology are put forward in Jin chuan company.The research technique route on comprehensive utilization of wastes in filling mining is presented.Finally,economic benefits and development prospects on the comprehensive utilization of waste rock,waste residue of solid waste are prospected in Jinchuan mine.

Based on the "two-way slab" theory of concrete structure, the reinforcement of the filling blocking wall mechanical model was established, and the formula of amount of the filling blocking wall reinforcement with backfill strength and filling blocking wall thickness was elicited. Taking Jinchuan second mine as an example for engineering analysis, the rule of backfill strength and filling blocking wall thickness changing with the amount of filling blocking wall reinforcement by control variate method (CVM) was studied. The results show that, on the premise of certain size of filling blocking wall, the filling blocking wall thickness increases linearly with the increasing of strength of backfill; on the premise of certain size of filling blocking wall and the strength of backfill, there is a negative correlation between the amount of filling blocking wall reinforcement and the thickness of filling blocking wall; on the premise of certain size of filling blocking wall and the thickness of filling blocking wall, there is a positive correlation between the amount of filling blocking wall reinforcement and the strength of backfill. The final theoretical equation among the strength of backfill and the amount of filling blocking wall reinforcement was obtained.

For the purpose of achieving waste′s resource utilization in filling mining for Jinchuan mine,the test study on rheological characteristic for mixed filling slurry including waste rock and tailings and its liquidity in the stope carried out.First,two kinds of particle sizes of aggregate gradation based on field sampling are analyzed.Results show that the reasonable ratio for both the waste rock and full tailings are 6∶4 and 5∶5,which,for mixed filling materials,meet the filling aggregate gradation.Then the slump test of high concentration of filling slurry using the two mixed filling aggregate is implemented.Results show that two kinds of hybrid slump of the filling pulp are greater than 20 cm,which meet the pumping filling pulp conveying conditions in Jinchuan mine.Upon comparing two mixed slurries of liquidity,the ratio of 6∶4 is slightly better than the ratio of 5∶5,and the mixed filling slurry for mass fraction in the range of 78%-80% belongs to high flow slurry.Third,reasonable filling pulp pipeline parameters,of which the ratio of the waste stone and full tailings is 6∶4,pipe diameter is 130 mm and the mass fraction of 78%,are determined based on the circular canal filling pulp.According to the filling stope intensity of field investigations and analyses,we find that flow-in-stope-slope angles of two mixed slurries (the mass ratio of waste rock and full tailings are 6∶4 and 5∶5) are 0.55° to 1.19° and 0.38° to 1.26°,respectively.But the "cone heap" phenomenon in material point is not obvious,indicating that the liquidity of filling pulp is better on the whole.The up strength of cementing filling body in stope is higher than the low strength,demonstrating that filling pulp there is mild segregation.

The backfilling mining,widely used,has good effect on controlling overlying rock movement.But sudden collapse also occurred in No.2 west mining area of Longshou Mine in Jinchang Nickel Mine.For this emergency,mechanism of preliminary analysis has been done.There are four factors by investigation and monitoring in collapse area:Fs fault,subsidiary stress of mining,special geological conditions of mining area,and backfilling method.We also built a sketch model for analyzing failure process and divided it into three stages:pressure balance arch stage,fault slipping stage,and cantilever beam stage.

为了完善膏体充填工艺,提高胶结充填体强度,进行了膏体泵压输送系统中的水泥添加方式研究;针对金川矿山深井和长距离管道输送系统,开展了井下添加水泥浆和添加水泥粉两种方式的地表工业试验.结果表明,当全尾砂与碎石的质量比为5:5和灰砂质量比为1∶8时,28 d膏体抗压强度分别达到3.4 MPa和3.9 MPa.当采用添加水泥浆方式,膏体抗压强度随添加水泥浆质量浓度的增加而提高;但当膏体和水泥浆质量浓度不变时,膏体强度随水泥浆加入量的增加反而降低,由此确定添加水泥浆方式的合理添加量为200 kg/m3.当采用添加水泥粉方式时,膏体抗压强度随添加水泥粉量的增加而显著提高;但当膏体中加入过量的水泥粉后,会失去塑性和降低其流动性造成堵管;根据试验,对于全尾砂与碎石的质量比为6∶4的混合骨料,添加水泥粉量不宜超过180 kg/m3.本研究为完善膏体工艺和提高充填体强度提供重要的理论依据.

阐述了金川矿山大流量高浓度自流充填系统工艺流程及特点，计算确定了充填给料量和充填管径，对管道阻力损失进行了测试，得出水平直管段的沿程阻力为0.24 MPa/100 m。通过对充填系统设备的研究，研发了高浓度大流量搅拌槽以及给料计量设备，成功应用于矿山充填中，使单套充填系统能力达到150~180 m3/h，且充填料浆质量稳定，并解决了原充填系统设备的问题。

The paper first summarizes the types of the waste resources and physicochemical properties,then introduces the research advance of the comprehensive utilization of resources in Jinchuan mine. In the end the key technologies of the comprehensive utilization of solid waste resources in filling minging are put forward.

针对金川下向进路式胶结充填法采矿工艺,开展了全尾砂-棒磨砂混合充填料的工业试验研究.试验结果表明,添加30％的全尾砂充填料,不仅提高了充填体强度,而且还可降低充填体的沉缩率、改善砂浆流动性,完全满足金川矿山安全充填采矿的要求.开展全尾砂充填料的工业化生产,能够弥补棒磨砂充填料的严重不足,显著降低充填采矿成本,从而获得更好的经济效益和社会放益.

Jinchuan No.2 mine area is an extra large underground mine in China.The underhand drift cemented cut and fill stoping with mechanized panel is adopted.The Jinchuan No.2 mine has large continuous exploit area and large annual output of ore.Additively,due to the relatively poor engineering geological conditions,large stress and other reasons,the ground pressure problem becomes more serious.This paper introduces the basic pressure monitoring program in No.2 Mine Area,the arrangement of the measuring point and its typical layout,monitoring methods and equipment etc.;Based on the existing monitoring data of rock mass stress and displacement,the data varies and its trends of the monitoring points are analyzed preliminarily.During the exploitation process of large mining area and level pillars,the influence to the rocks at Line No.14 air shaft and wide range of upper and lower panel are analyzed and evaluated,obtaining some achievements which play some guidance and reference value in safety production.

The stability of the underhand drift cemented filling body is analyzed by using stress arch theory and beam theory,and a simple judgment formula of the stability is obtained.A filling scheme with equal cement-sand ratio is firstly proposed,and the feasibility of the new scheme is proved in a case of Jinchuan No.2 mining area.The high concentration cement filling method with the equal cement-sand ratio of 1∶6 can meet the requirements on strength,and about RMB 1.4 million yuan of costs can be saved each year.

The waste rock,tailings and smelter slag produced in the traditional mining pattern accounted for 85 % in the total amount of industrial solid wastes in China.The piled solid waste can cause serious pollutions or even induce mudflows and tailings dam-break accidents.As the supporting technology of green mining,the solid waste backfill is the most effective way to solve the discharge of mine waste.The solid waste filling is endowed with the following advantages: eliminating surface subsidence caused by mining;improving the mining stress environment;operating in low dilution and loss;increasing the resource utilization rate;mining rich ore and reserving lean ore for the prospective resources protection;reducing the waste rock,tailings and other solid waste emissions;even eliminating the terminal treatment of mining to achieve waste-less-mining;adapting to a variety of difficult-to-mine ore-bodies.This paper further discusses the principles and technical support for implementing green mining and research directions of filling technique.

The waste rock,tailings and smelter slag in the process of the exploitation of mineral resources accounted the industrial solid wastes for about 85% in China based on traditional mining pattern.A large number of the solid waste pilled up on the ground in mine can cause serious pollutions,and may induce mudflows and tailings dam-break accidents.Undoubtedly,the solid waste backfill is the most effective way to solve the discharge of mine waste.In this paper,the present situation of research and application of several filling technology are described with regard to low-density classified tailings backfill,high-density total tailings backfill,paste and like paste backfill,as well as rock cemented backfill.Furthermore,the directions of RD on backfill with waste rock and total tailings in underground mine were analyzed.

After the No.14 shaft was repaired in Jinchuan No.2 mine,two big cracks were formed in the new shaft well.Therefore,further reinforcement program was put forward on the repaired shaft.Based on GPS monitoring data of ground surface movement,this paper evaluated the feasibility of the reinforcement program of No.14 shaft by numerical simulation.The results show that the shallow reinforcement measure did not change the extent of mining impact on the shaft,and the reinforcement method did not achieve the desired effect.Then,the prestressed cable reinforcement was used for inspecting the adaptability of this strengthening program.It was further found the level and distribution of shaft wall displacement and stress did not change significantly before and after the reinforcement.This shows that only shallow reinforcement program was not effective for the shaft which located in the severely affected region of rock movement induced by underground mining.It was a useful guide for engineering design and had practical significance in mining production.Finally,further reinforcement program was suggested after considering damage reasons of No.14 shaft,problems in the former inforcement program,as well as trends of rock movement.