<正>颈动脉粥样硬化与冠状动脉及脑动脉的粥样硬化有相似的病理生理基础。本研究对246例拟诊为冠状动脉性心脏病(以下简称冠心病)的老年患者进行颈动脉内膜中层厚度(I MT)和粥样斑块超声检测及冠状动脉造影检查,以探讨颈动脉超声检查在老年人冠心病诊断中的应用

Objective To discuss the value of carotid artery ultrasound in coronary heart disease by investigating the intima-media thickness and atheromatous plaque of carotid artery. Methods The 230 patients with coronary heart diseases were examined with coronary arteriongraphy and carotid artery ultrasound.According to the results of coronary arteriongraphy,the patients were divided into coronary -heart disease group (164 patients) and control group (66 patients). The intima-media thickness and plaque integral of carotid artery were measured with ultrasonography. Results Intima-media thickness, plaque integral and plaque incidence rate in patiens of coronary -heart-disease group were higher than control group(P<0.01). Conclusion Examination of carotid artery intima-media thickness and atheromatous plaque is valuable in the prediction of coronary heart diseases.

肝炎足临床常见的传染病,肝脏声像图改变缺乏特异性,超声检查作为间接检查手段不能明确诊断[1],需结合化验和临床表现予以确诊并分型.本研究对超声发现肝门区淋巴结肿大的肝炎患者临床资料进行回顾性分析,并给予诊断分型.与对照组进行比较,旨在探讨肝门区淋巴结肿大在肝炎急、慢性分型中的价值.

Objective To investigate the value of ultrasonography in the examination of vascular endothelium-dependent vasodilation function in patients with first cerebral infarction. Methods Totally 97 cases of hypertension with first cerebral infarction (hypertension group) and 46 cases of control without hypertension, diabetes or cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were examined with color Doppler ultrasonography. The vascular endothelium-dependent relaxation of brachial artery in two groups was examined and compared. Results The change percent of brachial artery diameter induced by reactive hyperemia was significantly lower in hypertension group than that in the control group (p<0.01). There was no statistical difference of the change percent of brachial artery diameter induced by nitroglycerin between the hypertension group and control group (p>0.05). Conclusion There is vascular endothelium-dependent vasodilation dysfunction in patients of hypertension with first cerebral infarction. It is important to evaluate the vascular endothelium-dependent relaxation with ultrasonography.

Objective Discussion of high-frequency ultrasound in the identification abdominal wall hernia;Methods Inguinal masses were examined with high-frequency ultrasound in standing and supine position,The morphology of inguinal masses and the relationship with the groin,inguinal ligament,changes of body position and the abdominal posterior artery were observed;Results High-frequency ultrasound diagnosed 69 cases of abdominal wall hernia,which were confirmed by surgery,They were 52 cases of oblique hernia,15 straight hernia,and 2 cases of femoral hernia;Conclusion High-frequency ultrasound can identify oblique hernia,straight hernia,and femoral hernia,It can be used as the first choice in the identification of abdominal wall hernia

Objective To assess the value of high-frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis of indirect inguinal hernia.Methods High-frequency ultrasound was used to detect the inguinal mass when patients were in the standing or resupine position.The tumor size,the internal echo and movement of masses,the change of mass position with the change of patient position,and the location of arteria epigastria inferior were all examined.Results High-frequency ultrasound correctly diagnosed 187 hernia cases,including 187 typical hernia,16 incarce-rated hernia,2 sliding hernia,and 5 small ramps hernia.Conclusion High-frequency ultrasound is convenient,rapid and accurate in diagnosis of indirect inguinal hernia and can be used as the first choice for disgnosis before hernia surgery.

Objective To evaluate the effect of hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) and blood pressure on the endothelial function in patients diagnosed with type2 diabetes.Methods Eighty-two type 2 diabetic patients were divided into four groups(group Ⅰ: HbA1c under 8% and no hypertension;group Ⅱ: HbA1c under 8% with hypertension;group Ⅲ: HbA1c above 8% with no hypertension;group Ⅳ: HbA1c above 8% with hypertension).The diameter of the brachial artery was measured by color Doppler ultrasound at rest,after reaction hyperemia and after sublingual nitroglycerin administration respectively.Results The percent of diameter change of the brachial artery in response to reactive hyperemia was significantly lower in group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ than that in group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ(P0.05).The percent of diameter change of brachial artery after sublingual nitroglycerin administration was significantly lower in group Ⅳ than that in the other three groups(P0.05).Conclusion The endothelium-dependent vasodilatation is impaired in type2 diabetic patients and impairs further when combined with hypertension.HbA1c might be a risk factor of impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in type 2 diabetic patients.

Objective To evaluate the endothelium-dependent vasodilation function in elderly patients with both hypertensive disease and cerebral infarction.Methods Emeasurements of brachial artery diameter were performed by high-resolution ultrasonography during baseline,reactive hyperemia and sublingual nitroglycerin administration in sixty-eight patients with both hypertensive disease and cerebral infarction and forty-six healthy subjects.Reactive hyperemia-induced and nitroglycerin-induced percent changes in brachial artery diameter were calculated.Results The percent change in the brachial artery diameter induced by reactive hyperemia in the patients with both hypertensive disease and cerebral infarction was significantly less than that in healthy subjects.No significant difference could be found in percent change in the brachial artery diameter induced by sublingual nitroglycerin between the patients and the controls.Conclusion In elderly patients with both hypertensive disease and cerebral infarction,the endothelium-dependent vasodilation function is impaired.It is an accurate and noninvasive method to evaluate endothelial function of peripheral artery with high-resolution ultrasonography.