P-type LaFeO3 perovskite exhibits the immense potential for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) on account of its high conductivity, stability, as well as cost-effectiveness. Nevertheless, its wide bandgap (~2.55eV) makes it not suitable for the absorber. The lead-free double perovskite Cs2AgSbBr6 possesses an ideal bandgap (~1.6eV) but suffers from performance bottlenecks attributed to the absence of appropriate hole transport layers (HTLs). Herein, integrating LaFeO3 as an efficient HTL to boost the performance of Cs2AgSbBr6 PSC. LaFeO3 films were synthesized via a novel and rapid low-temperature sol-gel route, and its physical properties were characterized to inform device simulation. LaFeO3 was selected through HTL engineering optimization. The introduction of LaFeO3 significantly enhances the built-in electric field at the Cs2AgSbBr6/LaFeO3 interface, promoting favorable carrier separation and extraction. Through systematic optimization of layer thickness, doping densities, defect densities, and etc. the device achieved an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.42V, a short-circuit current density (JSC) of 21.06mA/cm2, a fill factor (FF) of 83.58%, and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.01%. Notably, the device demonstrates robust stability, retaining a PCE exceeding 22.5% even under a series resistance of 6 Ω·cm2 as well as an elevated temperature of 380K. These findings provide critical insights for developing Pb-free PSC with low-cost and superior efficiency.

Nanoarchitectonics provide significant opportunities to endow materials with special photoluminescence (PL) properties. In this paper, novel self-trapped exciton (STE) orange-red emission is observed by creating CsPbBr3@CsPb2Br5 nanostructures through controlling the dissolution and recrystallization of Cu:CsPbBr3. Due to the dissolution and phase transfer of CsPbBr3, CsPbBr3@CsPb2Br5 nanostructures are formed. Cu+ instead of Pb2+ induced significant lattice distortion and formed a multi-core@shell configuration, promoting STE emission center establishment and enabling the broad orange-red PL peak (620 nm) of CsPbBr3 components with a PL quantum yield (PLQY) of 45.6%. The CsPb2Br5 shell effectively isolated the nanostructure from moisture and oxygen, resulting in extraordinary stability under ambient, ultraviolet light irradiation, and aqueous solutions. Cu+ component is a key for the STE emission because Na:CsPbBr3@CsPb2Br5 sample prepared using the same procedure revealed a narrow green PL peak (516 nm) even though the PLQY increased to 82.8% from 55.4%. Na:CsPbBr3@CsPb2Br5 sample exhibited a single-core@shell structure, in which Na+ tends to occupy interstitial sites, effectively passivating deep-level defects. Because of high stability, an light emitting diode was fabricated using Cu:CsPbBr3@CsPb2Br5 to show stable warm-orange emission with a correlated color temperature of 1430 K, and a color rendering index of 62, suggesting potential solid-state lighting applications.

Azo compounds with NN groups have been employed in rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries owing to high theoretical capacity derived from two-electron redox reaction. However, their cycling stability remains inadequate due to the high solubility of organic small molecules and discharge products in aqueous electrolytes. Herein, we designed π-conjugated azo small molecule (azobenzene (AZB) and 4,4′-azopyridine (AZPY)) with stable two-electron transfer but slight differences in aromatic moieties as cathode materials for aqueous zinc-organic batteries. Although the electron-rich pyridinic nitrogen atoms render AZPY soluble in water, they readily react with Zn2+ in the electrolyte to form stable metal-organic coordination interactions and act as electronegative acceptors to generate extensive intermolecular hydrogen-bonding networks. The multifunctional roles of pyridinic N endow AZPY with unconventional “dissolved but more stable” behavior. AZPY and AZB hosted in hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) respectively delivers capacity retentions of 81.9% and 47.3% after 500 cycles at 0.3 A g−1. Furthermore, the electron-withdrawing pyridinic N atoms modulate the electron cloud density near the NN groups and elevate the discharge voltage. Consequently, Zn||AZPY/HPC cell (0.92 V and 349.3 Wh kg−1) exhibits markedly superior discharge voltage and energy density compared to Zn||AZB/HPC (0.65 V and 237.0 Wh kg−1). The proton-insertion mechanism and dynamic evolution of interfacial structures of azo-based cathodes were verified by density functional theory (DFT) calculations and ex situ characterizations. This work reconciles the capacity-stability trade-off of organic cathodes by modulating the structure-performance relationship, opening new avenue toward high-energy and prolonged-life aqueous organic batteries.

Dual-mode detection of environmentally relevant metal ions remains a significant challenge using highly stable and sensitive red-emissive carbon dots. This work presents a one-pot synthesis of red-emitting carbon dots (CDs) using p-phenylenediamine and Na2SO4. Highly stable red photoluminescence (650 nm) was observed via the synergistic effect of Na+ and SO4 2- ions, in which the CDs revealed a photoluminescence quantum yield of 45.9% in ethanol. The CD sample prepared using optimized conditions (sample 2-CDs) served as a versatile probe for the dual-mode Cu2+ and Fe3+ detecting in water. Colorimetry detection was finished in solutions, by smartphone, and in filter paper. As for Cu2+, the detection limits reached 0.013 mu M (fluorometry) and 1.65 nM (smartphone colorimetry). A portable test paper based on 2-CDs achieved a detection limit of 0.517 mu M for Cu2+. In the case of Fe3+, the corresponding detection limits were 1.5 mu M (fluorometry) and 76.9 nM (colorimetry). Fluorescent degradation kinetics by Cu and Fe ions were discussed in detail. The sulfate ions form a multifunctional protective layer that enhanced hydrophilicity, passivated surface defects, and resulted in the CDs with remarkable photothermal stability (retaining the initial intensity of 93% after 120 min of ultraviolet/boiling) and long-term storage stability (47.2% retention after 300 days). These results supplied a novel strategy for creating high performance red-emissive CDs, paving the way for their practical application in on-site environmental monitoring.

Photogenerated charge carrier separation/transfer efficiency and redox ability are often considered for highly efficient photocatalysts. In this paper, Sn3O4 nanocomponents with much positive valence band were grown on superior thin Ni-doped graphitic carbon nitrides (g-C3N4) to construct Sn3O4/Ni-g-C3N4 heterojunction photocatalyst towards enhanced photocatalytic H2O2 generation and tetracycline hydrochloride degradation. Namely, the synthesis of Ni-g-C3N4 nanosheets was finished by a two-step thermal polymerization at 600 and 700 degrees C, respectively, and then, the growth of Sn3O4 nanosheets was completed by a solvothermal route to create Zscheme Sn3O4/Ni-g-C3N4 heterojunctions. The built-in electric field formation resulted in enhanced photogenerated charge carrier separation and transfer which improved photocatalysis efficiency. Sn3O4 nanosheets promoted the photogenerated charge carrier separation, thereby preserving strong redox ability for efficient H2O2 evolution. Furthermore, Sn3O4/Ni-g-C3N4-2 composites exhibited respected photocatalysis performance, in which 91 % degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride was achieved within 60 min. The band gap structure, Zscheme heterojunction formation, and photocatalytic degradation kinetics were discussed via various characterizations. In addition, a high H2O2 yield of 4193 mu mol center dot g-1 center dot h-1 was obtained using the Sn3O4/Ni-g-C3N4 heterojunction sample, in which its performance was 1.42 and 3.70 times that of the sample Sn3O4/g-C3N4 composites and pristine g-C3N4 nanosheets, respectively. The H2O2 evolution process via a two-electron oxygen reduction pathway was discussed.

Z-scheme heterojunctions consisted of ZnSe and graphic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) are created by in situ growth in the polar and non-polar solvent interface. Small ZnSe nanoparticle assemblies are therefore homogeneously decorated on superior thin g-C3N4 nanosheets to form well-developed interfaces which drastically promote the photocatalytic performance. The Z-scheme charge carrier transfer pathway was confirmed in ZnSe/g-C3N4 heterostructures by free radical capture test. Increased photogenerated charge carrier separation and transfer in the heterostructure endows high photocatalytic efficiency to the heterostructure sample. The much positive conduction band of ZnSe of enhances the redox ability of the heterostructure photocatalyst. Namely, ZnSe/g-C3N4 heterojunction sample created using optimized conditions reveals 100% degradation of methylene blue (20 mg L-1) within 10 min and 76% degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (40 mg L-1) within 60 min, corresponding to high degradation rate constants of 0.355 and 0.21 min-1, respectively. The heterojunction sample exhibits excellent stability, maintaining over 98% of the initial degradation efficiency after four cycles. These excellent properties are ascribed to the homogeneous distribution of ZnSe and well-developed interface, in which, the growth of ZnSe in the polar and nonpolar solvent interface is a key. These results supply efficient approach for constructing high-performance Z-scheme heterojunctions.

To obtain highly efficient two-dimensional (2D)/2D heterostructure photocatalysts, a solvothermal synthetic route was developed to grow layered hexagonal CuSe nanoplates with high crystallinity on superior thin C-doped g-C3N4 nanosheets fabricated via two-step thermal polymerization at high temperature. Meanwhile, Mott-Schottky junction can supply The loading of CuSe nanoplates is one of the keys to form a Mott-Schottky junction, in which the photogenerated electrons were transferred to MoSe utilizing charge carrier separation. Thus, latered CuSe/g-C3N4 junction revealed enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution efficiency of 187.8 mu molg-1h-1 which is 12.3 times of that of pure g-C3N4 nanosheets). In addition to the Mott-Schottky junction formed using the combination of CuSe and g-C3N4 nanosheets, the much higher conductivity of CuSe (in comparison with that of g-C3N4) was conducive to the enhanced photogenerated electron transport in the composite system. The sample fabricated utilizing optimized parameters reveals a CH4 evolution rate of 11.5 mu molg-1h-1 (via CO2 conversion) with a reasonably high CH4 selectivity of 76 % in case of no co-catalyst incorporation, for which improved light harvesting ability, enhanced photogenerated charge carrier separation/transfer and CO2 adsorbability due to the presence of CuSe nanocomponents play the key roles. The 2D/2D heterostructures constructed using highly crystalline CuSe nanoplates and g-C3N4 nanosheets with well-developed interfaces are advantaged by the effectively improved charge carrier separation and transport efficiencies. These results offer important insights on construction of novel photocatalysts for attaining high photocatalytic performances.

The development of self-colorimetric probes for Fe3+ detection without external reference remains a significant challenge, despite its critical importance in environmental monitoring and disease diagnosis. In this paper, bright red-emitting carbon dots (r-CDs) with photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield of 35.8 % were synthesized via a one-step solvothermal strategy. The abundant surface hydroxyl/carboxyl groups of r-CDs enabled specific Fe3+ ion coordination resulted in a novel PL phenomenon, in which the red emitting (650 nm) of the r-CDs changed into green-emitting (500 nm) because of new fluorescent centers formation. pH stability test confirmed the robustness of r-CDs forFe3+ sensing in a pH region of 2-13.This phenomenon is ascribed to a dual-mode selfcolorimetric sensing platform, achieving a detection limit of 10.7 nM and a wide linear range of 0-700 mu M in solution. Experimental result confirmed that Fe3+ coordination triggered electron transfer and lead to new emitting center generation. This bright green emitting was also observed once r-CDs were added a SiO2 gel with Fe ions, suggesting a significant application in solid-state moist environmental. This novel PL phenomenon is crucial for the preparation and application of CDs.

N-doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with carbon-coated Co nanoparticles are fabricated via thermal polymerization of bulk graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and cobalt precursors at 750 degrees C; solvothermal treatment is applied to decorate MoSe2 nanosheets on these Co-derived N-doped CNTs. N-doping along with the formation of Mo-N bonding is a key in attaining the construction of MoSe2/Co-N-CNTs heterostructures and the growth of MoSe2 nanosheets on the surface of CNTs. Detailed effects and mechanism behind the N components and Co nanoparticles decoration on electrochemical performance of the catalyst are discussed. Carbon coated Co component plays an important role on enhancing the charge transport of the composite system. Because of the well-tailored interface between MoSe2 nanoplates and Co-N-CNTs, the MoSe2/Co-N-CNTs bifunctional catalyst enable to generate a 10 mAcm-2 current density with over potentials of 272 and 353 mV for alkaline HER and OER, respectively. The MoSe2/Co-N-CNTs cell based electrolytic overall water splitting device reveals excellent performance with excellent long-term electrocatalytic stability attaining a current density of 10 mAcm-2 at an applied voltage of as low as 1.7 V (with almost negligible attenuation). These might provide inspiration on the design of highly active dual functional electrocatalysts for attaining efficient and sustainable catalysis.

Low photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) and poor stability limited the application of violet-emitting CsPbCl3 nanocrystals (NCs). In this paper, highly stable and bright CsPbCl3 NCs were studied by combining Sr doping at Pb sites with surface passivation using n-octylphosphonic acid (OPA). A novel hot-injection route was developed by employing acetate precursors and chlorotrimethylsilane. Comprehensive characterization revealed that Sr2+ possessed similar ionic radius with Pb2+ to effectively reduce lattice defects and enlarge the band gap, thereby inducing a blue-shifted PL peak. Simultaneously, the OPA ligand, leveraging the strong coordination ability of its phosphonic group, binds firmly to surface metal ions, effectively passivating surface defects and forming a hydrophobic barrier. Sr:CsPbCl3 NCs created using optimized conditions exhibit a PL peak of 405 nm with a remarkable PLQY of 90.7%. The effect of Sr doping on the fluorescence decay kinetics of Sr:CsPbX3 NCs was discussed. Furthermore, these NCs demonstrate outstanding stability under ambient atmospheric conditions, continuous UV light irradiation, and in polar solvents. This synergistic strategy, integrating internal lattice reinforcement and external surface shielding, was successfully extended to Sr:CsPbBr3 and Sr:CsPbI3 NCs, demonstrating its general applicability. Finally, high-quality red, green, and violet-emitting films were fabricated, highlighting the great potential for display applications.

The redox ability of photocatalysts is a key to the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) which resulted in serious environmental problems. In this paper, narrow band gap BiOBr nanoplates were grown on superior thin graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets to increase light absorption and enhance redox ability for TCH removal. Meanwhile, g-C3N4 nanosheets were created by a two-step thermal polymerization at 600 and 700 °C, respectively. The deposition of layered BiOBr was finished along the surface of g-C3N4 nanosheets by a direct wet-chemical precipitation. BiOBr nanoplates were in situ grown on g-C3N4 nanosheets to create a well-developed interface and form S-scheme BiOBr/g-C3N4 heterostructures with enhanced photocatalytic performance. Visible light-derived photocatalytic tests indicated that the heterostructure sample created using optimized conditions revealed excellent performance, in which Rhodamine B of 10 mg/L was completely degraded within 9 min (10 mg catalyst added). TCH (50 mg/L) of 80% was degraded within 60 min with a degradation rate of 2.4 × 10-2 min-1, which was 6 and 3.4 times of those of pristine g-C3N4 nanosheets and BiOBr, respectively. The free radical capture test suggested that superoxide radicals dominated TCH degradation, and cyclic stability test indicated the degradation rate was kept 72% after 6 cycles. The S-scheme pathway in the heterostructure-enhanced charge separation and retained high redox ability for photocatalytic degradation of pollutants. These results supplied useful approaches for the photocatalysts with a high redox ability.

A novel Z-scheme photocatalytic system was constructed by bridging graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nano-sheets with CsPbI3 nanowires (NWs) via Pt nanocrystals (NCs) mediators. Comprehensive material characterization verifies that the rational combination of CsPbI3 NWs and g-C3N4 nanosheets leads to a well-defined 1D/ 2D heterostructure with intimate interfacial contact. Notably, Pt NCs as highly efficient electron mediators successfully establish a Z-scheme charge transfer pathway and thereby remarkably enhance the separation and migration efficiency of photogenerated carriers. Photoelectrochemical measurement confirms that g-C3N4/Pt/ CsPbI3 NW composites exhibit substantially elevated photocurrent density and remarkably reduced charge transfer resistance compared with the composites created using CsPbI3 NCs, indicating the important role of 1D NW structure. Because of well-developed heterostructure and expanding visible light absorption, g-C3N4/Pt/ CsPbI3 NW composites revealed a degradation efficiency of 71.3% for 2,4-dichlorophenol while that of g-C3N4/ Pt/CsPbI3 NC composites is 62.9%. The degradation efficiency was further elevated to 82.8% with the introduction of persulfate, forming a coupled photocatalysis advanced oxidation process. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that the construction of Z-scheme heterojunction remarkably enhances the generation of superoxide radicals (center dot O2-), with a resulting concentration of 12.23 & times; 10-7mol/L. These center dot O2-species are subsequently converted into singlet oxygen, the primary active agent that works together with center dot O2-and other radicals to synergistically degrade organic pollutants. These resultssuggest that a highly efficient and stable Z-scheme photocatalyst was created and offer important theoretical and practical guidance for advanced photocatalyst design.

Copper and iron are essential elements for life, and their imbalance, or their excessively high concentrations, can lead to a range of serious issues, including neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, and environmental pollution. The development of efficient detection technologies is urgently required for water quality safety assessment, early disease diagnosis, and industrial process monitoring. Carbon dots (CDs) have gradually surpassed traditional quantum dots and organic dyes due to their unique photoluminescence properties, low environmental toxicity, and functionalizable surfaces, becoming a research focus in the field of metal ion sensing. Although significant progress has been made in the application of CDs for heavy metal detection in recent years, existing reviews have primarily focused on highly toxic ions such as mercury, lead, and chromium, with limited systematic summaries on the detection of copper and iron ions. This review focuses on the application of CDs in copper and iron ion detection, summarizing and categorizing the synthesis and modification methods of blue, green, and red fluorescent CDs, common quenching mechanisms, specific research progress in copper and iron ion detection using CDs, and the detection mechanisms of CDs that can simultaneously detect or differentially identify copper and iron ions. Finally, innovative research currently being conducted in the detection mode is introduced. This work aims to provide a reference for the synthesis and detection of CDs applied to copper and iron ion detection.

Heterojunction construction and improved solar light harvesting ability have been efficient approaches to explore efficient photocatalysts. Z-scheme heterojunctions effectively mitigated the recombination of photo-generated charge carriers and preserve the inherent redox capabilities. In this paper, the ternary Z-scheme heterojunction WO3/Pt/S-g-C3N4 was fabricated through the growing of layered WO3 in ultra-thin Pt decorated S-g-C3N4 nanosheets by thermal polymerization at high temperature. Initially, Pt nanoparticles were embedded in ultrathin S-g-C3N4 nanosheets containing carbon defects using a mechano-chemical pre-treatment combined with a two-step thermal polymerization process. Subsequently, WO3 nanosheets with oxygen vacancies were integrated into Pt-functionalized S-g-C3N4 nanosheets. The homogeneous distribution of Pt nanoparticles significantly modified interfacial charge carrier transport in the heterojunction, resulting in enhanced photo-catalytic performance for water splitting and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) degradation. A removal efficiency of 94.6 % for TCH was obtained using WO3/Pt/S-g-C3N4, composites, it is 2.9 and 1.7 times of those of samples S-g-C3N4 and WO3/S-g-C3N4. Additionally, WO3 nanosheets were homogeneously embedded in Pt-decorated S-g-C3N4 nanosheets via thermal polymerization at high temperature can improve interface nature and expend light absorption to near infrared region to further enhanced photocatalytic efficiency. These results are crucial for developing novel photocatalysts in environmental and energy applications.

Combining defect introduction and heterojunction construction, MoOx/S-g-C3N4 S-scheme heterojunctions were created through the in-situ growth of defective MoOx during the secondary thermal polymerization of bulk S-doped g-C3N4. Mechano-chemical pretreatment resulted in the homogeneous distribution of S components and molybdate precursors in g-C3N4 frameworks. The secondary thermal polymerization of bulk S-doped g-C3N4 at high temperature (700 °C) created layered MoOx with homogeneous distribution and formed heterojunctions with well-developed interface to improve charge carrier transfer. The effect of thermal polymerization temperature and S-g-C3N4 situation on the performance was tested. The reducibility of g-C3N4 skeleton during thermal polymerization resulted in the formation of high-concentration oxygen vacancies within MoO3 lattice, in which, oxygen vacancies significantly expanding light response to a near-infrared region to increase the harvesting ability of solar energy and effectively modulate the charge transfer pathway. The heterojunction sample revealed enhanced photocatalytic H2 generation rate (3874 μmolg-1h-1) and removal efficiency of 2,4-dichlorophenol, (a degradation kinetic k of 0.018) which were enhanced by 7 and 6 times, respectively, compared with S-doped g-C3N4 nanosheets. The formation of S-scheme heterojunction and photocatalytic mechanism were investigated. These results supply an efficient example for defect engineering in photocatalyst fabrication and green energy conversion.

To improve photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation and antibiotic degradation, SnO2 nanocrystals were embedded in boron-doped graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets. Superior thin B-g-C3N4 nanosheets were created via two-step thermal polymerization at 550 and 700 degrees C in Ar atmosphere. SnO2 nanocrystals less than 5 nm were homogeneously embedded in nanosheets by mechano-chemical pre-reaction and heat-treatment at 400 degrees C in air condition to form SnO2/B-g-C3N4 composites. The mechano-chemical pre-treatment and B doping were crucial for the homogeneous distribution of SnO2 nanocrystals. The formation of heterostructure, welldeveloped interfaces, introduced B components, and decent conductivity of SnO2 components resulted in efficient charge separation/transfer during photocatalysis. B-doping played key role in enhancing photoinduced charge separation/transfer to enhance H2O2 generation and tetracycline degradation. After embedding SnO2 nanocrystals in B-g-C3N4, the photocatalytic activity was drastically enhanced. A SnO2/B-g-C3N4 sample prepared using optimized conditions revealed a H2O2 production rate of 9287.0 mu M g- 1 h- 1 which was 3.8 times of that of g-C3N4 (2449.8 mu M g- 1 h-1). The photocatalytic tetracycline degradation rate constant of the SnO2/B-gC3N4 composites was 0.018 min- 1 using first-order kinetic fitting, which was 6 times of that of g-C3N4 (0.003 min- 1). These results provide novel insight for the application of photocatalytic technology in environmental field.

CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) nanocrystals (NCs) have attracted significant research interest for optoelectronic applications owing to their outstanding optical characteristics, including tunable band gaps, narrow luminescent peak and near-unity photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs). However, the practical application is limited by high synthesized temperature and inert atmosphere requirements during conventional hot-injection process. In this paper, the synthesis of CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, and I) NCs in non-polar media was developed at room temperature using trimethylsilyl halides as halogen precursors and a ternary ligand system comprising dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, oleic acid, and oleylamine. Namely, resulting CsPbBr3 NCs display uniform dimensions averaging 5.5 nm. By precisely controlling Cs/Pb ratios, the phase compositions from zero-dimensional Cs4PbX6 NCs to three-dimensional CsPbX3 NCs were adjusted. CsPbBr3 NCs created using optimized conditions exhibited outstanding PL properties including high PLQYs (94.4 %), narrow full width at half maxima (15 nm) of PL spectra, and remarkable environmental stability (>90 days). Cs/Pb ratios play important role for tunable PL, in which CsPbBr3 samples revealed bright blue to green emitting while the PL of CsPbI3 NCs was adjusted from green, yellow to red. These results are ascribed to the interface controlling via ligand growth kinetics. In addition, the CsPbX3 NCs synthesized by this method can maintain high stability under UV irradiation and water contact conditions, showing the application potential in the field of display. This work establishes a novel strategy for ambient-temperature synthesis of high-quality perovskite NCs with tunable PL performance.

To expend the light adsorption of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and enhance photogenerated charge carrier separation efficiency, a type II CuS/S-g-C3N4 heterostructure was created by in-situ growing CuS nanoparticles on the surface of superior thin S-doped g-C3N4 nanosheets via a solvothermal synthesis. Meanwhile, superior thin S-doped g-C3N4 nanosheets were fabricated via a two-step thermal polymerization at 550 and 700 degrees C. Because of S components in g-C3N4 nanosheets, CuS nanoparticles with average size of less than 10 nm were homogeneously decorated on thin S-g-C3N4 nanosheets because of S components in g-C3N4 as growth cites. These heterostructure photocatalysts were used for H2 generation and pollution degradation, in which the degradation rate of methylene blue was nearly 92 % within 25 min, which was 2.3 times of S-doped g-C3N4 nanosheets while the photocatalytic H2 generation rate increased to 5524 mu mol/g/h. UV-visible absorption spectra of samples indicated that the light response range of the CuS/S-g-C3N4 heterojunction was extended to near infrared region to improve the harvesting ability of solar energy. The photoelectric mechanism test suggested that the photogenerated charge carrier separation efficiency was improved, and their migration rate became fast. These results supplied a new sight for the design and development of photocatalytic materials in environmental and energy applications.

Expanding light response is a significant approach to increase the harvesting efficiency of solar energy for photocatalysts. In this paper, aqueous CsPbBr3 nanocrystals (NCs) were created using sol-gel glass as a reactor. These bright SiO2 glass-coated NCs were decorated on hollow TiO2 bowl array (TBN) via mechano-chemical pre- reaction and subsequent hydrothermal treatment for the first time to enhance the photocatalytic performance for NO removal. The homogeneous distribution of the NCs and the well-developed interface in type II CsPbBr3/TiO2 heterostructures play important roles for improving the separation and transfer of photogenerated charge carriers. The light response of the CsPbBr3 NCs increased the harvesting efficiency of solar energy. In addition, the bright photoluminescence of the CsPbBr3 NCs was almost quenched to further confirm the separation of the photogenerated charge carriers in the heterostructures. Using optimized preparation conditions, the CsPbBr3/ TiO2 composite sample revealed an outstanding NO removal rate of 77.9 % at a concentration of 300 ppb, in which 45.2 % of NO was removed using pure TBN. In addition, the CsPbBr3/TiO2 sample revealed excellent performance for photocatalytic H2O2 evolution rate of 104.3 mu M center dot L- 1 center dot h- 1 , suggesting the CsPbBr3/TiO2 composite can be applied for various photocatalytic fields. These results supplied new insights for the synthesis of photocatalysts and application of perovskite NCs.