Objective Skeletal stem cells (SSCs), a specialized subset of mesenchymal stem cells, drive bone regeneration. This study aimed to characterize the pathological effects of ionizing radiation (IR) on osteogenic precursor cells (MC3T3-E1) and to elucidate the therapeutic efficacy and underlying molecular mechanisms of SSC-mediated rescue. Methods Experiments were performed using clonogenic assay, micronucleus assay, flow cytometry, osteogenic differentiation assessment, migration assay, and animal model establishment. Results The results demonstrated that IR compromised the clonogenic capacity of MC3T3-E1 cells, exacerbated genomic damage, induced apoptosis, and significantly impaired their osteogenic differentiation and migratory potential. In vivo , IR led to deterioration of the skeletal microarchitecture,as evidenced by reduced bone mineral density (BMD), decreased bone volume fraction (BV/TV), and a concomitant increasee in marrow adiposity and osteoclastogenesis. Notably, SSC treatment significantly reversed these deleterious effects in both cellular and animal models. Mechanistically, SSC intervention upregulated key osteogenic regulators (RUNX22, COL1A1, and OCN) and stabilized β-catenin. Crucially, the radioprotective efficacy of SSCs was abrogated by the Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor MSAB, demonstrating the pathway’s indispensable role in the rescue process. Conclusions This study indicates that SSCs effectively alleviate IR-induced injury to osteoblast progenitor cells, providing compelling evidence and establishing a novel therapeutic paradigm for treating radiation-related skeletal complications.

ABSTRACT Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer‐related mortality globally, yet current therapies exhibit suboptimal efficacy with limited prognostic improvement. RNA 5‐methylcytosine (m5C), a posttranscriptional modification, has been implicated in tumorigenesis and progression across malignancies. In our previous study, the m5C methyltransferase NOP2 has been shown to promote proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells, however, the underlying mechanism is still elusive. Methods An integrated multi‐omics strategy was employed, combining transcriptomic sequencing, RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (RIP‐seq), and methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP‐seq) to explore NOP2‐regulated downstream genes mediating CRC progression via m5C methylation. Functional validation included in vitro and in vivo assays to assess tumor growth and metastasis. Rescue experiments were performed by overexpressing LMNB2 in NOP2‐silenced CRC cells. Results NOP2‐dependent m5C modification of LMNB2 mRNA enhanced its stability, leading to elevated LMNB2 protein levels. This mechanism drove CRC tumor growth and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of LMNB2 effectively rescued the suppressed malignant phenotypes induced by NOP2 knockdown, confirming LMNB2 as a critical downstream effector. Conclusion NOP2 catalyzes the m5C modification of LMNB2 mRNA to facilitate its stability, which contributes to the elevated LMNB2 protein level and CRC progression, suggesting the potential of NOP2 as a therapeutic target in the development of novel CRC treatment.

HAGLR Opposite Strand lncRNA (HAGLROS) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) located on the long arm of human chromosome 2 at locus 2q31.1. Emerging evidence highlights HAGLROS as a pivotal player in human cancers, characterized by its significant upregulation across multiple malignancies where it functions as an oncogenic driver. Its aberrant expression is closely linked to the initiation and progression of 13 distinct cancer types, notably correlating with adverse clinical outcomes and reduced overall survival rates in 9 of these cancer types. Mechanistically, HAGLROS is under the regulatory influence of the transcription factor STAT3, exerts competitive binding to 9 miRNAs, activates 5 signaling pathways pivotal for cancer cell proliferation and metastasis, as well as intricately modulates gene expression profiles. Given its multifaceted roles, HAGLROS emerges as a promising candidate for cancer diagnostics and prognostics. Moreover, its potential as a therapeutic target holds considerable promise for novel treatment strategies in oncology. This review synthesizes current research on HAGLROS, covering its expression patterns, biological roles, and clinical significance in cancer. By shedding light on these aspects, this review aims to contribute new perspectives that advance our understanding of cancer biology, enhance diagnostic accuracy, refine prognostic assessments, and pave the way for targeted therapeutic interventions.

This study aims to develop a portable reflective confocal microscope (PCRM) based on MEMS micro-mirrors for in vivo skin imaging. The design of PCRM is intended to overcome the limitations of traditional invasive biopsies and bulky desktop microscopes, enabling handheld operation and access to hard-to-reach skin areas. This research innovatively integrates MEMS technology into the PCM through precise mechanical design, using an 830 nm laser and a commercial Olympus objective lens, achieving a lateral resolution of 1.24 μm and an axial resolution of 5.3 μm, with imaging at a speed of 11 f/s over a field of view of 530 × 500 μm. PCRM successfully imaged various skin layers, including capillary blood flow, demonstrating diagnostic potential for skin lesions and providing a compact, high-performance solution for non-invasive skin imaging suitable for clinical applications.

BackgroundRadiation literacy, encompassing the understanding of basic principles, applications, risks, and protective measures related to ionizing radiation, is critical for medical personnel working in jobs that involve the use of radioactive materials or medical imaging. In the context of nuclear emergency preparedness, the level of radiation knowledge among healthcare professionals—such as doctors, nurses, and radiographers—directly influences the effectiveness and safety of emergency responses. This study aims to address this gap by evaluating the radiation knowledge of medical personnel and identifying areas for improvement in profession-specific training programs.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sampling method. The study included 723 participants attending a medical emergency response exercise and clinical management workshop on radiation injury in Suzhou, China, in November 2023. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire, descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were performed to analyze participants’ radiation knowledge and identify variations across different professional groups.ResultsThe majority of participants were female (64.73%), married (75.10%), and held an undergraduate degree (69.99%). Nurses (40.11%) and clinical doctors (30.29%) constituted the largest professional groups. Significant disparities in radiation knowledge were observed among healthcare workers. Nurses and management personnel demonstrated a stronger grasp of fundamental radiation concepts, such as radioactive nuclides and absorbed doses, compared to clinical doctors. For instance, 85.52% of nursing personnel and 72.34% of management personnel accurately identified the half-life of iodine-131, while only 49.32% of clinical doctors showed comparable knowledge. Furthermore, substantial differences in radiation emergency response capabilities were noted across professions. These findings emphasize the necessity for tailored, profession-specific training programs in radiation protection and emergency preparedness.ConclusionThe study reveals a generally insufficient understanding of basic radiation concepts and emergency response principles among medical personnel. Significant variations in radiation knowledge were observed across different professional groups, highlighting the need for specialized training modules. These modules should focus on fundamental radiation concepts, radiation exposure effects, and emergency response protocols, with content customized to address the unique needs of each professional group. By implementing such targeted training, the overall effectiveness and safety of nuclear emergency responses can be significantly enhanced.

BACKGROUND:The tumor microenvironment (TME) of breast cancer (BRCA) influences disease progression through dynamic interactions between immunity and stroma, but its key regulatory molecules and prognostic value remain to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to explore the prognostic potential of immunoglobulin λ-like polypeptide 5 (IGLL5) in BRCA and its association with immune infiltration in TME. METHODS:1178 BRCA cases were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE computational methods were used to quantify the composition of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) and the presence of immune and stromal components. Prognostic indicator closely associated with BRCA was identified by Cox regression analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction. Through Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and other means, the correlations between IGLL5 expression and patient survival, immune activities, metabolic pathways, and immune cell types were studied. RESULTS:Overall survival was significantly prolonged in patients with high IGLL5 expression (HR=0.62, 95% CI 0.45-0.86, P=0.013) and positively correlated with immune-activating pathways (complement signaling, interferon response) and anti-tumor TICs (CD8+ T cells, M1 macrophages) (r>0.3, P<0.001) and negatively correlated with tumor-promoting TICs (M2 macrophages, resting NK cells). The low IGLL5 group was enriched in metabolic pathways (estrogen response, oxidative phosphorylation), suggesting that it may promote immune escape through metabolic reprogramming. CONCLUSION:IGLL5 is a novel prognostic marker for BRCA, and its expression level affects patient survival by modulating TME immune infiltration and metabolic reprogramming. This study provides a theoretical basis for IGLL5-directed immunotherapeutic strategies (e.g., combining PD-1 inhibitors), and its mechanism needs to be verified by multicenter clinical cohorts and functional experiments in the future.

BackgroundAcute radiation enteritis (ARE) is a common side effect experienced by patients receiving pelvic radiotherapy (RT). Probiotic supplementation is an emerging strategy for preventing ARE.MethodsThis phase II trial recruited patients with gynecologic or rectal cancers who received pelvic RT with curative or adjuvant intent. During RT, one packet of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum BL21 (BL21) powder was self-administered daily. ARE was assessed and classified according to the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) and Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) toxicity grading criteria. We assessed the safety and efficacy of BL21 to prevent ARE and investigate the changes in the intestinal microbiota.ResultsThis study enrolled 52 patients, 8 participants withdrew, and 44 patients being included in the final analysis. The safety profile of BL21 during RT was favorable, and we did not observe any serious adverse events associated with BL21. Compared with our historical control data, these patients exhibited lower levels of ≥ grade 2 ARE and required fewer antidiarrheal medications (n = 12). Most diarrhea cases were classified as grade 1 (n = 22). Analysis of the gut microbiota revealed that the severity of ARE correlates with the abundance of BL21 and the increase in BL21 was associated with greater alpha diversity, an increase in beneficial bacteria, and a decrease in harmful bacteria.ConclusionsThe favorable safety profile, exploratory clinical observations of reduced ARE severity vs. historical controls, and feasible administration support further investigation of Bifidobacterium longum BL21 as a prophylactic candidate for ARE, warranting validation in Phase III randomized controlled trials.Clinical Trial RegistrationChinese Clinical Study Registry (registry ID: ChiCTR2300069881).

Rationale: Intimal sarcoma of inferior vena cava (IVC) is a rare soft tissue sarcoma with no typical symptoms and specific imaging features in the early stage, and there is a lack of standardized treatment and methods. Patient concerns: A 54-year-old female patient presented to Fenghua District People’s Hospital with a post-active cough and hemoptysis and was subsequently referred to our hospital. Diagnoses: The patient was pathologically diagnosed as intimal sarcoma of IVC complicating multiple intrapulmonary metastases. Chest CT revealed left lung malignant tumor with multiple intrapulmonary metastases; while enhanced upper abdominal CT showed cancer embolus of IVC with extension to right atrium and bilateral renal veins. Besides, hematoxylin and eosin staining suggested intimal sarcoma of veins. Immunohistochemical staining showed positivity for PD-L1, Ki-67, CD31, Desmin and ERG. Interventions: The patient initially received GT chemotherapy (gemcitabine injection + docetaxel). Then, immunotherapy (tislelizumab) was added based on the results of genetic testing (TP53 gene mutation). Outcomes: The disease was stabilized after receiving the treatment. Lessons: Given the lack of characteristic clinical manifestations in patients with intimal sarcoma of IVC, imaging examination combined with immunohistochemical index were helpful for diagnosis of intimal sarcoma of IVC. Furthermore, the combination of tislelizumab and GT chemotherapy was feasible in such patients with positive PD-L1 expression and TP53 mutation.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the impact of ionizing radiation (IR) on the structure and function of the testis and provide some strategies for the prevention and treatment of IR-induced damage (IRD). METHODS:Using radiation dose simulation, semen analysis, hormone testing, electron microscopy and single-cell transcriptome sequencing, we assessed and analyzed a case of IRD. We established a mouse model of IRD to validate the results of single-cell sequencing, and investigated the specific biological mechanisms of IRD and potential strategies for its intervention. RESULTS:IR at 1－2 Gy significantly reduced sperm concentration and motility, which gradually recovered after 12 months but the percentage of morphologically normal sperm remained low. It also caused imbalanced levels of various steroid hormones, decreased testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, increased progesterone, prolactin, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone. Electron microscopy revealed damages to the testis structure, including loss of germ cells, atrophy of the seminiferous tubules, nuclear membrane depression of the spermatocytes, mitochondrial atrophy and deformation, and reduction of mitochondrial cristae. Single-cell sequencing indicated significant changes in the function of the Leydig cells and macrophages and disrupted lipid-related metabolic pathways after IRD. Administration of L-carnitine to the mouse model improved lipid metabolism disorders and partially alleviated IRD to the germ cells. CONCLUSION:Ionizing radiation can cause disorders of testicular spermatogenesis and sexual hormones and inhibit lipid metabolism pathways in Leydig cells and macrophages. Improving lipid metabolism can alleviate IRD to germ cells.

In recent years, potential health hazards associated with tritium radiation have received increased attention. The medical emergency response to tritium-related accidents requires highly specialized and technical expertise with broad coverage and significant impact. In China, nuclear- and radiation-related laws and regulations have a complete emergency system and rescue management plan for dealing with such emergencies. These provisions, combined with the specific characteristics of tritium radiation accidents, underscore the need for the implementation of a medical emergency response. This Account presents guiding opinions for the medical emergency response and management of tritium-related accidents by introducing a three-level rescue system and analyzing medical rescue and psychological assistance for people exposed to tritium in such accidents.

ObjectivesTo investigate the role of circRNA regulators MBNL1 and QKI in the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.BackgroundMBNL1 and QKI are pivotal regulators of pre-mRNA alternative splicing, crucial for controlling circRNA production - an emerging biomarker and functional regulator of tumor progression. Despite their recognized roles, their involvement in ESCC progression remains unexplored.MethodsThe expression levels of MBNL1 and QKI were examined in 28 tissue pairs from ESCC and adjacent normal tissues using data from the GEO database. Additionally, a total of 151 ESCC tissue samples, from stage T1 to T4, consisting of 13, 43, 87, and 8 cases per stage, respectively, were utilized for immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. RNA sequencing was utilized to examine the expression profiles of circRNAs, lncRNAs, and mRNAs across 3 normal tissues, 3 ESCC tissues, and 3 pairs of KYSE150 cells in both wildtype (WT) and those with MBNL1 or QKI knockouts. Transwell, colony formation, and subcutaneous tumorigenesis assays assessed the impact of MBNL1 or QKI knockout on ESCC cell migration, invasion, and proliferation.ResultsESCC onset significantly altered MBNL1 and QKI expression levels, influencing diverse RNA species. Elevated MBNL1 or QKI expression correlated with patient age or tumor invasion depth, respectively. MBNL1 or QKI knockout markedly enhanced cancer cell migration, invasion, proliferation, and tumor growth. Moreover, the absence of either MBNL1 or QKI modulated the expression profiles of multiple circRNAs, causing extensive downstream alterations in the expression of numerous lncRNAs and mRNAs. While the functions of circRNA and lncRNA among the top 20 differentially expressed genes remain unclear, mRNAs like SLCO4C1, TMPRSS15, and MAGEB2 have reported associations with tumor progression.ConclusionsThis study underscores the tumor-suppressive roles of MBNL1 and QKI in ESCC, proposing them as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ESCC diagnosis and treatment.

This paper addresses the issue of hazy stray light in fundus retinal images,which leads to unclear blood vessel details.The proposed dehazing algorithm for fundus retinal images is based on the dark channel theory and incorporates Gamma transformation.The algorithm enhances the clarity of the image while preserving blood vessel information.This algorithm aims to defog images by processing the R,G and B channels separately.Firstly,the algorithm calculates the dark channel image using adaptive window minimum filtering and takes the average value of the top 0.1%pixels as the atmospheric illumination intensity value.Secondly,the algorithm solves the rough transmittance of the image and improves it using the guided filtering algorithm.Finally,the algorithm restores the haze-free image using the atmospheric scattering model and applies Gamma transformation.The experimental results show that the information entropy and average gradient of the restored image increase by an average of about 6.8%and 11.6%,respectively.The algorithm in this paper can quickly and effectively remove hazy stray light in the fundus retinal image,restore the image to be clear and natural,and retain the details information of retinal blood vessels.

Cervical cancer is the most common gynaecological tumor. The development of a sensor for the ultrasensitive detection of cervical cancer is significant in guaranteeing its prognosis. Herein, we proposed a novel surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) analysis platform using a frequency shifts-based sensing model for rapid and ultrasensitive microRNA (miRNA) assay. During the analysis process, miR-21 can be captured by the single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) modified on the platform which is complementary pairing with miR-21. The connection of miR-21 can lead to the variation of the molecular weight and result in the deformation extent of the Raman report molecule 6Thioguanine (6TG); thus, the peak at 1301 cm-1 due to the ring C-N stretches of 6TG shifts to lower frequency. The detection limit (LOD) of the proposed SERS analysis platform is as low as 8.32 aM. Moreover, the platform also has excellent specificity and repeatability, with the relative standard deviation (RSD) value of 6.53 %. Serum samples of cervical cancer patients and healthy subjects were analyzed via the platform and the accuracy of the detection results was verified by qRT-PCR, revealing that SERS results and qRT-PCR results have high homogeneity. Thus, the platform can serve as a potential tool for clinical diagnosis of cervical cancer.

Uranium is a nuclear fuel but also a hazardous contaminant due to its radioactivity and chemical toxicity. To prevent and mitigate its potential threat, the accurate monitoring of ultratrace uranium (orders of magnitude of pg g-1) in practical environmental samples has become an important scientific problem. To meet this challenge, we developed an efficient electrochemiluminescence (ECL) UO22+ detection device by a novel dual-enhancement mechanism. In detail, poly[(9,9-dioctylfuor-enyl-2,7-diyl)-alt-co-(1,4-benzo-{2,1,3}-thiadiazole)] polymer dots (Pdots) are modified by the UO22+ DNA aptamer, and rhodamine B (RhB) is combined with dsDNA to quench the ECL signal via a resonance energy transfer (RET) process. UO22+ can cut off the DNA aptamer to release RhB, which generates an ECL enhancement process, and then, UO22+ continuously combines with the DNA chain, inducing another ECL enhancement by the RET process from UO22+ to Pdots. This device achieves an ultralow detection limit (12 pg L-1) and a wide linear range (113 pg L-1-11.3 mg L-1), which can successfully give accurate determination results to the ultratrace uranium in biosamples (<1 pg g-1) to monitor the uranium simulation of fish. This work presents an efficient strategy for ultratrace uranium determination in the environment, highlighting its significance in public health and environmental fields.

Radiological science and nuclear technology have made great strides in the twenty-first century, with wide-ranging applications in various fields, including energy, medicine, and industry. However, those developments have been accompanied by the inherent risks of exposure to nuclear radiation, which is a source of concern owing to its potentially adverse effects on human health and safety and which is of particular relevance to medical personnel who may be exposed to certain cancers associated with low-dose radiation in their working environment. While medical radiation workers have seen a decrease in their occupational exposure since the 1950s thanks to improved measures for radiation protection, a concerning lack of understanding and awareness persists among medical professionals regarding these potential hazards and the required safety precautions. This issue is further compounded by insufficient capabilities in emergency response. This highlights the urgent need to strengthen radiation safety education and training to ensure the well-being of medical staff who play a critical role in radiological and nuclear emergencies. This review examines the health hazards of nuclear radiation to healthcare workers and the awareness and willingness and education of healthcare workers on radiation protection, calling for improved training programs and emergency response skills to mitigate the risks of radiation exposure in the occupational environment, providing a catalyst for future enhancement of radiation safety protocols and fostering of a culture of safety in the medical community.

Objective:The testis is vulnerable to ionizing radiation, sexual dysfunction and male infertility are common problems after local radiation or whole-body exposure. Currently, there are no approved drugs for the prevention or treatment of radiation testicular injury. Sulforaphane (SFN) is an indirect antioxidant that induces phase II detoxification enzymes and antioxidant genes. Herein, we investigated the radiation protective effect of SFN on testicular injury in mice and its potential mechanism.Materials and Methods:Mice were randomly divided into blank control group (Ctrl), radiation + no pretreatment group (IR), and radiation + SFN groups (IRS). In the radiation + SFN groups, starting from 72 h before radiation, SFN solution was intraperitoneally injected once a day until they were sacrificed. Mice in the blank control group and the radiation + no pretreatment group were simultaneously injected intraperitoneally with an equal volume of the solvent used to dissolve SFN (PBS with a final concentration of 0.1%DMSO) until they were sacrificed. They were subjected to 6Mev-ray radiation to the lower abdominal testis area (total dose 2Gy). Twenty-four hours after radiation, six mice in each group were randomly sacrificed. Seventy-two hours after radiation, the remaining mice were sacrificed.Results:The results showed that the harmful effects of ionizing radiation on testes were manifested as damage to histoarchitecture, increased oxidative stress, and apoptosis, and thus impaired male fertility. SFN injections can reverse these symptoms.Conclusions:The results showed that SFN can improve the damage of mouse testis caused by irradiation. Furthermore, SFN prevents spermatogenesis dysfunction caused by ionizing radiation by activating Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant gene.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of lipid metabolism-associated genes (LMAGs) in neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and immunotherapy for rectal cancer. Methods: Differential LMAGs were characterized and functional enrichment analysis was performed. Multiple machine learning algorithms were combined to explore candidate LMAGs. ROC analysis was performed to evaluate the predicting accuracy of candidate LMAGs. The expression patterns, prognostic value, genetic alterations, and immune cell infiltration of the top-ranked LMAGs were investigated. Results: We identified 45 LMAGs that were differentially expressed in tumor samples of nCRT responders and non-responders. These LMAGs were closely associated with lipid metabolism-related biological processes and pathways. ROC analysis revealed that the SREBF2 gene, an important transcription factor in regulating lipid metabolism, was the highest predictor of nCRT in rectal cancer. SREBF2 was highly expressed in rectal cancer tissues and high expression of SREBF2 was associated with favorable prognosis. Multivariate analysis showed that SREBF2 was an independent prognostic factor, and we integrated it with other clinical factors to establish an effective prognostic nomogram. SREBF2 also played a synergistic role with its co-expressed genes in the prognostic process of rectal cancer. Furthermore, SREBF2 was demonstrated to be closely associated with multiple immune infiltrating cells, and immunotherapy-related genes and may be used to predict the response to immunotherapy. Conclusion: Our study suggests that LMAGs may serve as promising biomarkers in nCRT combined with immunotherapy for rectal cancer. However, large-scale clinical trials and biological experiments are necessary to demonstrate the efficacy and underlying mechanisms.

Objective In all blind eye diseases, fundus disease remains the primary cause of irreversible visual loss, significantly impacting visual acuity. In severe scenarios, this results in a higher prevalence of blind fundus disease. Many fundus diseases manifest in the eye periphery. If the lesion does not affect the macular area, patients often overlook early lesions since their visual acuity remains largely unchanged, presenting no symptoms. During examinations, standard fundus-imaging equipment fails to visualize the peripheral area of the fundus due to its limited imaging field of view. Once the lesion impacts the central macular area of the fundus, treatments become challenging, and outcomes are generally unfavorable. As such, early examinations play a crucial role in preventing and treating fundus diseases, underscoring the need to innovate instruments that image the retina, encompassing the fundus periphery. Traditional fundus photography has a field of view limited to 30 degrees-50 degrees. Even utilizing multi-region fundus image stitching only marginally expands the fundus imaging area, concentrating the imaging on the posterior pole. Conversely, laser scanning confocal fundus imaging offers superior clarity and contrast, enabling non-mydriatic fundus imaging even in patients with constricted pupils and facilitating real-time dynamic observations of fundus image changes. Ultrawide-angle fundus imaging rooted in laser scanning confocal imaging emerges as a significant advancement in fundus imaging. We anticipate that our alignment method and study findings will inform the design of cutting-edge ophthalmic examination devices. Methods To thoroughly image the peripheral area of the fundus, we explore the fundus line-scanning imaging technology and construct an ultra-wide-field confocal laser line-scanning fundus imaging system. Initially, we devise a comprehensive optical pathway for the system. For achieving ultra-wide-angle, high-resolution dual-mode imaging, it is essential to design the geometrical optical parameters of the components within the respective mode, ensuring that the parameters satisfy the dual-mode imaging requirements simultaneously. We commence by establishing the overarching framework of the optical system, which incorporates the parameter design for ultra-wide-field, high-resolution dual-mode imaging. This is followed by Zemax simulations and image quality optimization for the system detection and imaging sections. Components are chosen based on these parameters, leading to the construction of the experimental system. By utilizing the pixel boundaries of the target surface in the area camera, we are able to achieve line scanning dual-mode confocal imaging of fundus through the creation of virtual slits. Once the theoretical design phase concludes, we employ Zemax software to simulate the system detection optical path, optimize this path, and validate the system design metrics and viability. The camera pixel boundary forms a virtual confocal slit, facilitating line scanning dual-mode confocal imaging of the fundus. We then assess the actual field of view of the system, resolution, and imaging capabilities. Results and Discussions The designed laser line-scanning ultrawide-angle confocal fundus imaging system in this study realizes ultrawide-angle, high-resolution dual-mode imaging by simply switching the eyepiece lens (Fig. 1). After parameter design and simulation (Table 1), the commercially available lenses for scanning, lighting, and imaging objectives fully meet the system requirements, reducing the system design cost. In the ultrawide-angle mode, the system actual field of view reaches 136.3 degrees, achieving ultrawide-angle imaging (Table 3). In the high-resolution mode, the system equivalent conversion fundus resolution stands at 8.5 mu m, accomplishing high-resolution imaging (Fig. 9). We conduct ultrawide-angle mode imaging, ordinary fundus camera photography, and high-resolution mode imaging on the simulated eye, and the system dual-mode imaging effect proves significant (Fig. 10). Conclusions This study offers a method for achieving ultrawide-angle confocal imaging of the fundus based on line scanning. The system employs a Powell prism in conjunction with a cylindrical lens to produce an ultra-long and ultra-fine laser line beam. It utilizes the pixel boundary of the camera target surface to establish virtual slits, achieving confocal fundus imaging. This effectively diminishes the interference of non-focal plane stray light on the fundus image. The system possesses both an ultra-wide-angle fundus imaging mode and a high-resolution imaging mode. Theoretical calculations and experiments indicate that the field of view in the ultrawideangle mode is 136.3 degrees, and the actual resolution in the high-resolution mode is 8.5 mu m. Grounded on the experimental results, the proposed laser line-scanning fundus imaging method proves feasible. It effectively achieves ultrawide-angle fundus imaging and serves as a reference for the development of related instruments.

Objective:To investigate the application of diagnostic criteria for common occupational radiation-induced diseases to radiation workers, in order to provide a basis for the revision, publicity and standardization of the standards.Methods:Radiation workers were selected from 1 city, 7 provinces and 1 corporation by using cluster random sampling method from January 2021 to May 2021. Awareness of the criteria and the effects of ionizing radiation, and the suggestions for diagnostic works were investigated and analyzed.Results:A total of 2 839 radiation workers were investigated. There were differences in the awareness of different diagnostic criteria, the inclusions in complex diagnostic criteria, the materials required for applying for diagnosis, and the ways of knowing the diagnostic criteria( χ2=416.06, 2 924.14, 83.45, 895.67, 815.94, P<0.001). The correct understanding rates of deterministic effects and stochastic effects were 80.63% and 43.64%, respectively. The acceptance rates in applicable materials were 96.79% for occupational exposure history, 94.72% for occupational health monitoring records and 93.55% for individual monitoring of occupational exposure, respectively. Pre-employment training rate was 80.20%, on-job training rate was 81.19%, and untrained rate was 3.77%. The suggestions to the diagnosis of occupational radiation-induced diseases are to strengthen training, pay attention to individual monitoring, occupational health examination, and strengthen health supervision and law enforcement. Conclusions:Radiation workers have a low awareness rate of certain diagnostic standards and a high awareness rate of diagnostic procedures. Publicity and training of health effects of ionizing radiation and diagnostic criteria of occupational radiation-induced diseases should be strengthened. Diagnostic procedure should be optimized.

为实现角膜在眼底相机系统轴向上的精确对准,提出了一种基于双光点视标的角膜精密对准技术.采用该对准技术,可以将双孔光阑所形成的两个光点视标投影在角膜上,依据两个光点经角膜前表面反射后在探测器上重合的位置坐标,先实现对瞳孔中心的对准,再根据两个光点经角膜前表面反射后在探测器上的分离情况与分离距离,确定眼底相机相对于角膜的轴向位置.实验结果表明:基于该双光点视标的角膜精密对准技术可以达到0.25 mm的对准精度和8.2 mm的对准范围.这种对准方法精确度高,对准范围大,可以满足眼底成像时仪器相对于被检眼轴向调节位置的要求.