High-vitality metro station areas significantly enhance public transit efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and improve public life. With walkability closely linked to station area vitality, pedestrian-friendly environments are fundamental to developing vibrant nodes. While research on built environments and urban vitality is extensive, studies specifically examining walkability-vitality relationships in metro station contexts remain limited. Existing research mainly focuses on functional and accessibility aspects, overlooking the effect of public spaces and building forms that shape walking experience while neglecting potential nonlinear effects. This study takes 274 metro stations in Shanghai as examples and applies the GBDT machine learning model to explore the non-linear and synergistic effects of walkability on station area vitality from four dimensions: land use, street network, public space configuration, and building form. Results demonstrate that diverse and high-density POI, adequate squares and pedestrian malls, and short street lengths constitute the primary factors enhancing metro station area vitality. The influence of floor area ratio, motorway width, and quantity of squares on vitality exhibits pronounced non-linear characteristics, with optimal threshold ranges significantly augmenting station area vitality. Additionally, synergistic interactions are observed among several walkability indicators. The research integrates these findings into specific station area optimization strategies, further discussing the practical application value of the research findings, such as developing targeted urban renewal strategies. (c) 2025 The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/4.0/).

While existing Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) research has predominantly focused on meso-level urban scales, attention to the micro-level design factors of pedestrian environments remains limited, with particularly neglect of travel stability and demand diversity among pedestrians across different functional TOD types. Enhancing pedestrian satisfaction can encourage the use of public transportation and foster diverse public life in metro station areas. This study utilized pedestrian satisfaction survey data from residential, hybrid, and office metro station areas in Shanghai's central city, applying impact-asymmetry analysis supported by XGBoost modelling to examine nonlinear relationships between micro-level environmental indicators and overall satisfaction. A 3-dimensional analysis, integrating importance-performance analysis and three-factor theory, was conducted to enable priority assessment. Key findings demonstrate that: (1) Across all station types, over 80% of the indicators exhibit an asymmetric impact on overall satisfaction, providing strong support for the nonlinearity theory in satisfaction research; (2) Parking occupation represents a critical issue requiring immediate intervention in all metro station areas; (3) Indicator priorities vary significantly by the type of metro station areas, specifically manifested through: residential metro station areas containing the most high-priority attributes for improvement, hybrid metro station areas requiring enhanced commercial connectivity, and office metro station areas prioritizing comfort-related indicators over connectivity enhancements.

Metro station areas typically feature distinct concentric catchment areas. However, previous Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) models primarily rely on empirical walking distances to define these catchments, lacking quantitative exploration from a public life perspective. This study proposes a data-driven framework integrating empirical observations, street view imagery, and machine learning to delineate public life-oriented metro station catchments. Using 973 streets in Shanghai's 28 high-passenger-volume metro station areas as a case study, this research employed a CatBoost model to identify heterogeneity in factors influencing public life and determine optimal catchment delineation while analyzing the varying impacts of street morphology across different catchment areas. The research identifies optimal thresholds at 250 and 450 m network distance, dividing station areas into core, secondary, and peripheral areas-significantly smaller than thresholds in transportation research. The study reveals distinct influence patterns across catchments: public space quality dominates in core areas, while land use and street network characteristics exert a greater influence in secondary areas, and peripheral areas require a balanced excellence across multiple dimensions. The analysis further identifies catchment-specific thresholds for key variables, with optimal thresholds for catering service, sidewalk width, and building interface transparency ratio gradually decreasing from core to peripheral areas. This study provides a human-centered methodology for TOD planning and offers empirical support for differentiated street design strategies around metro stations, contributing to developing station areas as vibrant hubs of public life.

ObjectiveWalking space is an important part of urban public space, and its spatial quality is a basis for the construction of walkable cities, which directly affects residents’ travel willingness and walking experience.MethodsThis research takes relevant literature on walking safety screened from Web of Science and CNKI databases spanning the period from 1975 to 2022 as research object, and analyzes the distribution characteristics of literature related to the current research on walking safety and environmental influencing factors thereof, as well as such contents as research context and research hotspots.ResultsFirstly, from the perspective of literature distribution, a large number of works of scholars in such fields as traffic engineering, public health and sociology have been cited in literature on walking safety, reflecting that pedestrians’ activity safety, traffic safety and security needs are important directions to promote the research on walking safety. At present, the research on walking safety in developed countries is more active and fruitful. The advanced urbanization process and prominent social contradictions make developed countries and regions more capable of investing energy and funds in walking safety research, exploring the safety issues faced by vulnerable road users, and deepening the degree of research refinement. Secondly, from the perspective of research evolution, the research has the following findings. 1) The analysis results of highly cited literature concerns show that walking safety and walkers’ safety perception dominate the development direction of relevant research. 2) Based on WoS database, the analysis of theme words shows that taking accident analysis as the core, taking pedestrian characteristics as the perspective and taking new technology as the guidance are the three major topics in the field of walking safety research. New data and technologies support the analysis of core environmental factors influencing walking safety. 3) Based on CNKI database, the analysis of keywords shows that domestic research focuses on the spatial quality of walking environment and the special needs of vulnerable walkers, and it is urgent to establish a walking safety environment evaluation system in China. In addition, the keyword analysis also shows that the impact of built environment on pedestrian safety accidents and pedestrian safety perception has become a focus of attention. Thirdly, from the perspective of research hotspot, it can be seen form the three dimensions of activity safety, traffic safety and security that, different levels of environmental elements such as neighborhoods, streets and intersections, have important influence on walking safety. In recent years, the extensive application of quantitative analysis and data calculation methods has brought new ideas and technologies to the research. Especially in the field of data mining regarding urban form and walkers’ psychological perception, new technologies are helpful for in-depth analysis of the influence of built environment factors on walking safety. Finally, the research trend of walking safety is reflected in three aspects: Research object, content and method. Research object has expanded from collision accident to walkers’ psychological perception, and researchers increasingly pay attention to the influence of the safety quality of walking environment on pedestrian psychology. As the urban built environment is facing more and more complex conditions, the research focus extends from the analysis of individual collision accidents to the comprehensive urban environment construction. Research methods have also been developed from single-specialty technical analysis to multi-dimensional integrated research, which promotes the comprehensive application of research methods from such fields as environmental psychology, traffic safety and road engineering in the research on walking safety.ConclusionThis research reveals the development direction, main context and research hotspots on walking safety and environmental influencing factors thereof, highlights the significant influence of multi-level built environment factors on walking safety and walkers' safety perception, and provides theoretical support for empirical researches on walking safety environment. In future research, it is necessary to conduct collaborative thinking on walking safety and pedestrian safety perception, promote the applicability of relevant research technologies, and pay attention to the influence of the development of emerging transportation technologies on the safety quality of walking environment.

Metro stations in multi-modal transport hubs accommodating complex passenger flows with diverse travel purposes pose challenges for wayfinding. Passengers unfamiliar with the environment mostly rely on navigational clues provided by signage to find their way. This study aims to evaluate and improve wayfinding signage within metro stations at transport hubs. Considering the needs of both passengers and operational staff, this research proposed an evaluation method combining small-scale on-site tracking with large-scale online virtual experiments, along with three evaluation indicators. This study focused on the Shanghai Hongqiao Railway Station metro station to improve the signage systems by post-occupancy evaluation (POE) using this method. A thorough analysis of 4,368 wayfinding samples collected by the online virtual reality wayfinding experiment identified five shortcomings that required attention and improvement. Based on the POE results, this study proposed optimization suggestions for the signage systems in this metro station, providing valuable insights into the design and optimization of wayfinding systems in metro stations.

High-quality pedestrian environment is the key factor affecting the vitality of cities in TOD areas. However, the previous TOD studies mostly focus on general factor such as mixed land use and spatial accessibility, and less consideration is given to various spatial and behavioural factor from a people-oriented perspective. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the key form indicators relate to walkability in TOD areas by comprehensively considering the meso level urban form and micro level pedestrian perception environment. In this research, 16 typical TOD areas in Shanghai were selected as research cases. After collecting urban three-dimensional morphological data, street scene pictures data and questionnaires data, various analysis methods are used for the TOD areas walkability analysis, such as sDNA, GIS, image semantic segmentation and SPSS. By analysing the multi-source data, the neighbourhood form indicators related to walkability in TOD areas are sorted out. Then the walkability of case areas is evaluated and measured including convenience, comfort, safety and conspicuousness four aspects. The results show that convenience is closely related to the PRD,block size and pedestrian network structure. Comfort is significant affected by the sidewalks view index rather than the sidewalks width, and the sidewalks occupation ratio also seriously affect the comfort of the pedestrians. Safety is greatly affected by the high-level lanes, and long street crossing distances caused by high-level lanes can also lead to low satisfaction.

随着老年人认知健康问题日趋严重,建设认知友好街区的意义凸显.文章以文献研究的方法,探讨相关理论的国际研究进展,试图建构老年人认知友好街区环境的基本框架.借鉴医学相关基础理论,阐述老年人认知衰退的五种亚结构域,归纳街区环境主动干预老年人认知能力的理论及方法.并从社会环境属性与街区建成环境属性两个层面,剖析影响老年人认知能力的环境干预要素及作用方式,为认知友好街区建设提供参考和借鉴.

认知衰退是人体老化最普遍的特征,步行活动对其具有干预作用,以上海市中心城区生活街道为例,探索基于认知衰退视角的老年人宜步行环境,从可达性、便捷性、安全性、舒适性等品质维度的13个环境要素指标,借助机器学习算法推测影响认知衰退老年人日常就医、购物步行路径,选择的关键环境变量.结果显示,认知衰退老年人步行活动范围较小,沿街界面透明度、人车隔离设施、消费店面密度、人行道宽度等街道环境要素对其生活型步行环境选择偏好有较强的影响,且其适宜值与健康人群存在差异.基于研究结果,在街区设施步行可达距离、沿街底层界面形态与步行设施品质等方面提出改善建议.

从多学科视角解析宜步行街区的建成环境特征,认为其营建不能局限于专项的步行系统本身,而是需要整体考虑与步行活动密切相关的城市设计内容.通过对瑞典三个滨水住区展开案例研究,从便捷可达的路网肌理、绿色导向的多元交通、功能复合的土地使用、水绿交融的公共空间与慢行友好的街区建筑等方面探讨步行友好街区的形态特征及设计策略,以便更全面地认识宜步行街区的建设模式与内容,促进其在我国的健康发展.

基础教育校园建设正经历着从标准化到品质化发展的演变,这个变化以教育理念的变革为先导,强调性格塑造与知识探索,从追求共性转向提倡个性[1].然而,在现有考试制度的影响下,升学率依然是评价学校的关键指标,教与学类似于高效灌输知识的生产流水线,以教学管理与学习效率为中心,与此相对应的教学空间布局和管理模式往往是雷同、单一的.

步行可达性作为城市设计方案对空间活力促进作用的评价指标,传统上是依据经验来预测行人活动的分布,往往缺少客观严谨的定量评价.文章以上海浦东足球场周边地区城市设计中三个方案的步行系统为例,应用空间设计网络分析(sDNA)软件对各方案进行步行可达性的三维定量评价.建立不同的情境模型,模拟足球场周边地区不同时段复杂的人群流动情况,以期较为准确地描述人们可能的步行路径以及其中的流量分布.这不仅有助于从三维可视化角度对比城市设计方案中步行网络结构的局部区别对步行活动潜力分布的影响,而且为城市设计师提供了更加科学地描述步行可达性和城市空间活力的理论依据.

文章以德州骑警教学改革中的"空间"主题为切入点,对其围绕建筑空间的本质、认知与表现设置的课程计划进行剖析,展示其体系构建的层级性和教学方法的连贯性.同时归纳该教学体系的特点,并进行批判性思考,希望对当下建筑教学的理论与实践提供参考与借鉴.

文章从"空间正义"视角出发,首先,对西方城市更新背景下的正义与民主理论进行梳理,剖析在城市更新过程中追求"空间正义"这一目标的实质内涵,认为对合理的公众参与运作模式和正义性城市开放空间设计方法的探求是目前城市更新实践应关注的重点;其次,通过对德日两国实际案例项目的介绍,剖析其公众参与模式的异同,并对空间重构的方法进行探究;最后,结合对国内城市更新工作开展状况的反思,分析德日经验对我国城市更新中公众参与模式和空间重构方法的启示.

基于活力街道的设计理念,以南京江宁区湖滨路为例,从基地资源分析、设计目标确立与系统策略研究三个环节开展街道更新设计工作,提出组织水绿网络、丰富功能业态、打造慢行街区、优化街道界面和强化门户特征等空间设计对策,发挥基地资源优势,强调街道界面、建筑前区和节点空间的整合设计,提升街道活力,营造高品质的滨湖特色街道.

历史案例表明,建造桥梁不只是为了解决交通问题,还要满足人们对环境的空间体验与艺术享受.这种认识与目前通常将桥梁设计简单归类为市政工程项目是有差异的.文章以苏州浒墅关古镇复兴设计中已建成的京杭运河浒墅关步行双桥为例,从因境而生、因构而形、因客而筑等方面阐述双桥的设计理念与策略,强调感官体验与行为塑造在双桥设计过程中所扮演的重要角色.

追述包豪斯思想如何从有抵触情绪的美国文化中找到土壤,并逐渐介入影响,甚至内化为美国现代建筑思想的过程.通过分析相应时期史料,艺术展览、期刊文章和书籍等多维媒介,进行对比及总结归纳.揭示了美国战后社会意识形态与包豪斯建筑思想的之间潜在的契合性以及多维媒介在这一历史过程中所扮演的角色.包豪斯内化为美国现代建筑的过程中,两个困境文化体的结合与新媒体势力的崛起扮演了巨大的作用.

Land-use patterns and rapid urban sprawl greatly influence older adults’ mobility in China. Older pedestrians’ safety issues are crucial because these people are more frequently injured in traffic accidents. This research aims to investigate what street characteristics influence perceived safety among older pedestrians in Shanghai, China. A mix of research methods containing both quantitative and qualitative analyses were employed. The researchers recruited 68 elderly urban dwellers who each agreed to take a perceived safety survey using 39 simulated streetscape images that contained 12 street characteristics extracted from four sectional zones of streets. Ordinal logit regression was performed to investigate the impact of street characteristics on older pedestrians’ perceived safety. A semi-structured, in-depth interview was conducted with 8 out of the 68 participants. It was found that the street interface type, elevation differences, footpath width, paver directions, isolation facility type, and vehicle traffic all affected pedestrians’ perceived safety after adjusting for individual demographic attributes and the physical limitations of the participants. Understanding the street characteristics related to perceived safety will contribute to making more inclusive and walkable cities.

已有研究表明,街区建成环境特征会影响居民日常通勤、休闲步行出行活动.然而建成环境对于居民购物出行的影响研究却是有限的,特别是在高密度的城市生活街区.文章探寻生活街区建成环境要素对上海中心城区居民选择步行、骑行、公交及驾车等购物出行方式的影响.在获取2 479位居民日常购物出行特征、感知环境评价以及个人社会属性后,结合实测的街区建成环境指标,运用多项逻辑回归分析,发现居民购物出行方式除了受年龄、家庭收入、交通工具拥有量等因素影响外,还受到街区路网特征、土地利用、步行设施、街道界面以及公交可达性等建成环境因素的影响.

Walking is one of the most widely used means of transport. Neighborhood built environments have a direct influence on individuals’ daily commuting, recreational travel patterns, and shopping travel behavior. In Chinese cities, shopping activities are among the most frequent reasons for daily travel. Yet, research on the impact of neighborhood built environments on people’s shopping travel activities in high-density cities is limited. To fill this research gap, this study investigates how neighborhood built environments might affect pedestrians’ shopping travel activities in Shanghai, China. The data, which includes shopping travel patterns, perceived environmental characteristics, and individual socioeconomic status, were collected from a survey of 21 randomly selected neighborhoods in Shanghai in 2011. In total, data from 2,838 samples (participants) were collected. Multinomial logistic regression was used to investigate how neighborhood built environments affect residents’ choice of travel mode for shopping, that is, the likelihood of taking transit, driving, or biking vs. walking. Results showed that nearly half of people surveyed (43.3%) used walking as their primary shopping mode. Road network density, presence of primary schools, and average sidewalk width were positively correlated with the likelihood of using walking as the primary shopping mode. Gender, age, and car ownership were also significant in the model.