自2019年12月湖北省武汉市发生新型冠状病毒肺炎(2019-nCoV)疫情以来,截至2020年4月5日16:49,确诊病例已超过8万例,其中仅湖北省就有67802例[1].鉴于2019-nCoV肆虐期间仍然可能发生严重创伤,为保护参与紧急救治的医护人员,国家卫健委编写《新型冠状病毒肺炎防控方案(第五版)》[2].本文对该防控方案进行解读,并医护人员院区生活区防护管理实践情况进行说明和总结,旨在加强医护人员防护并重视其影响,规范防护,保障一线医护人员在院内诊疗期间及生活区的安全.

目的 观察早期使用间歇导尿术在宫颈癌根治术后膀胱管理中的应用效果.方法 将100例患者按住院号单双号分为观察组49例、对照组51例.对照组术后常规留置导尿管,出院后按医嘱返院拔除留置导尿管;观察组早期拔除留置导尿管使用间歇导尿术进行膀胱管理.比较两组排尿功能恢复时间和尿路感染发生率.结果 观察组排尿功能恢复时间为(16.18±11.89)d,对照组为(30.52±47.20)d,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001).尿路感染发生率观察组为2.04％,对照组为9.80％.结论 腹腔镜下宫颈癌根治术后早期拔除留置导尿管采用间歇导尿术进行膀胱管理,可以帮助患者尽早恢复排尿功能.

报告1例青少年吸食笑气致周围神经病变及运动障碍的护理，护理要点包括：加强患者及家属关于笑气危害相关知识的宣教，防止患者复吸笑气。做好药物护理，成立医、护、治疗师治疗康复小组，治疗改善患者关节活动度，增加肌力促进患肢功能恢复，预防深静脉血栓等并发症，做好出院后的追踪随访。

针对卒中后神经源性膀胱病人, 入院后即刻使用便携式膀胱扫描仪监测残余尿量, 操作方法简便, 不侵入病人体内, 无痛苦, 且在床边操作, 不增加病人转移, 并能指导间歇性导尿, 在实际工作中更容易被接受.

Coal, with the highest carbon content, is the main raw material to produce human carbon necessities via coal gasification to chemicals technology. However, huge CO2 emission from the water-gas shift unit included in the coalbased chemicals process to increase the H/C ratio of syngas has caused great concern. Thus, a hybrid energy system that integrates renewable hydrogen from nuclear/renewable energy with coal to produce fuel and chemicals has been proposed. The applicability of hybrid energy systems in coal-rich countries, especially China and the United States, is analyzed as well as the carbon emission reduction potential and economic feasibility. The hybrid energy system is feasible in most coal-intensive countries and will lead to significant carbon emission reduction potential in the coming 5-15 years. Moreover, with the sharp decline in power cost from renewable/nuclear energy and the carbon tax introduction, the hybrid system shows potential to become economically competitive.

间歇导尿是指在需要时将导尿管经尿道插入膀胱,排空后立即将导尿管拔出的方法[1-2].国内广泛用于神经源性膀胱病人的康复训练.导尿间隔时间取决于残余尿量,一般为4 h～6h1次.然而,这些间歇导尿的病人都是穿着医院统一的普通衣服,由于没有合适的专门针对间歇导尿病人的裤子穿着,给病人间歇导尿操作带来很多不便,增加病人感染风险.因此,我科设计出一种间歇导尿病人使用的专用病员裤,现介绍如下.

Ethylene, as one of the demanding basic chemical materials, contributes to China's energy consumption and carbon emission during its production process. The research analyses eco-efficiency of various ethylene production routes from the sustainability perspective. The net value added of ethylene product is used as the economic indicator while the life cycle greenhouse gas emission is used as environmental indicator. Three ethylene production routes are set as follows: 1) OTO route (oil-to-ethylene) - using crude oil imported from Middle East as raw material to produce ethylene in eastern China; 2) NTO route (natural gas-to-ethylene) – using American natural gas/shale gas to produce methanol→importing methanol to eastern China→methanol-to-ethylene; 3) CTO route (coal-to-ethylene) – using coal to produce methanol in western China→transporting methanol to eastern china→methanol-to-ethylene. Among them, NTO leads to the highest net value added of ethylene product and lowest life cycle GHG emission. And the eco-efficiency of NTO is 30.2% and 176.6% higher than OTO and CTO, respectively. The integration of carbon capture and storage (CCS) unit with CTO can reduce the carbon emission, but nonetheless, the eco-efficiency of CTO-CCS is still 31–47% lower than the other two production routes even considering 90% carbon capture ratio. Based on the assessment above, the NTO production route is the most economical and environmental friendly, it shall have greater potential for China ethylene market.

淋巴管瘤多发于颈部,腋下、腹壁、腹股沟等处亦可发现,但较少发生于阴囊,国内外多为个案报道,所以阴囊淋巴管瘤常为超声及临床医生所忽视.本研究回顾性分析经手术和病理证实的14例阴囊淋巴管瘤的超声表现及临床资料,以探讨超声对阴囊淋巴管瘤的诊断价值,进一步提高诊断率.

We calculate the dielectric function of a Weyl semimetal at arbitrary momentum q and frequency ω within the random-phase approximation. Taking the static limit, we calculated the Friedel oscillation and found that: (1) For a single Weyl point, the oscillation ~ sin (2k F r)/r 4 falls off faster by an 1/r factor than the one in traditional 3D systems ~ cos (2k F r)/r 3 . This difference arises from the suppression of backward scattering in Weyl fermion systems; (2) For Weyl semimetal with two Weyl points, there are additional oscillations decaying as cos (Q ⋅ r)/r 3 and cos (Q ± 2k F ) ⋅ r/r 3 , where Q is the momentum difference between the two Weyl points. We also calculated the plasmon dispersion and found features distinct from those of conventional 3D metals.

The heavy metal concentrations of soil in different greenbelt regions in the Zhangzhou urban area were determined by ICP-MS.The main sources of heavy metal in the urban soil were analyzed and the level of heavy metal pollution was evaluated by using a single factor pollution index method and the Nemero comprehensive pollution index method.The result showed that soils in four greenbelt regions were subject to some degree of heavy metal pollution,especially by Cd、Cu、Zn and Pb,which exceeded the soil background values in Fujian Province.The soil Cd in Tengfei Road was most serious,and the maximum Cd was 2.88 mg/kg,exceeding 57.6 times of the standard.The pollution sources of heavy metals are extremely complex in urban soil.The main sources of heavy metal in the soil of different greenbelt areas in Zhangzhou City are mainly derived from production and living garbage dumping,vehicle exhaust emissions,and agricultural chemical fertilizer.The single factor index of heavy metals showed that those urban soils from different function areas are suffered from pollution,and Cd in the road greenbelt is the predominant pollutant.Cd is polluted heavily and the pollution index is 4.24.The survey revealed that soils in the road greenbelt area were polluted in the order of road greenbelt areaspark greenbelt areasresidential greenbelt areascompany-attached greenbelt areas.

婴儿型肝脏血管内皮细胞瘤属于肝脏血管源性肿瘤,是一种婴儿较为常见的肝脏良性肿瘤,国外已报道百余例,而国内则报道较少.已有报道中以CT及MRI等影像诊断为主,有关其超声方面的报道则较少,临床上多对该病缺乏认识,易误诊为肝母细胞瘤而行手术切除,给患儿带来不必要的痛苦.故本文回顾性分析20例婴儿型肝脏血管内皮细胞瘤的超声表现及其随访变化,旨在提高临床医师对此病的认识,提高超声对该疾病的诊断价值,为临床治疗提供依据.

急性阑尾炎是小儿外科常见的疾病,超声是最常用的检查方法之一,对典型阑尾炎超声表现的诊断率高,而一些特殊类型阑尾炎因其不具备典型超声表现常与其它疾病较难鉴别[1].本文回顾性分析经手术和病理证实的20 例小儿急性阑尾炎和22 例肠重叠畸形的超声及临床资料,以探讨小儿特殊类型阑尾炎的超声特征及与肠重复畸形的鉴别.

X-pinch radiography experiments were carried out on the 1 MA QiangGuang-1 facility to investigate the wire core behaviors of the tungsten and aluminum planar wire array. An axial quencher and over-massed loads were used to suppress keV radiation from the planar wire array. Two-wire 30 μm Mo and/or 25 μm W X-pinches were used as backlighters. The x-ray point-projection images showed quite uneven characteristics of the dense wire cores and the current distribution in the linear array. For the W single planar wire array (SPWA), Wire core diameter profiles are likely to reveal that the initial current distributed inductively among the wires with the same diameter in the array, and both inductively and resistively among the wires with different diameters. For the Al SPWA, wires in different positions were in quite different ablation processes. No correlations of stratifications or plasma jets between adjacent wires were observed.

In order to determine the source and cause of soil magnetic substances,a detailed magnetic study was conducted in the four different urban greenbelts in Zhangzhou City.The results showed that the average value of magnetic susceptibility was 302.77×10-8 m3/kg,and the χfd was 1.45%.The magnetic susceptibility decreased in the order of residential greenbelt road greenbelt accessory greenbelt park greenbelt.Based on analysis of the χfd,SP was found to exist in the soil of the park greenbelt.Analysis of the individual sampling points showed that magnetic susceptibility was strongly and negatively correlated with frequency dependent susceptibility,and there was a significant positive correlation between SIRM and the Soft IRM.However,the correlation between SIRM and the Hard IRM was very weak.These results indicate that the magnetic susceptibility was mainly controlled by ferrimagnetic minerals,with some antiferromagnets also contributing.The enhancement of magnetic susceptibility was correlated with vehicle exhaust,industrial discharge and other human activities.

X-pinch experiments have been carried out on a 100 kA, 100 ns linear transformer driver stage recently built up. The X-pinches exhibited a source size of about 10 μm, a pulse duration of 3 ns, 3–5 keV radiation energy of 3.9 mJ, and a burst time jitter of tens of nanosecond with the 2-wire 8 μm W X-pinch load. The generator output current and the X-pinch characteristics depended on the X-pinch wire materials in the tests. X-ray backlighting images from the insects showed the significant phase-contrast effect.

Experiments of the return current post installed X-pinches were carried out on the 1-MA "QiangGuang-1" facility with the purpose of understanding X-pinch characteristics under this setup and establishing X-pinch backlighting diagnostics for the wire-array Z-pinches. Different wire-array loads along with the two-wire 30 mu m Mo X-pinch backlighter were tested. The X-pinches emit the X-ray radiation with the burst time variation of +/- 4 ns and the bright spot size of similar to 30 mu m. X-ray backlighting shadowgraphy images of the over-mass and radiation-suppressed Z-pinch wire array were obtained.

The anode-cathode (A-K) gap closure process of a rod-pinch diode is investigated. The influence of the beam's self-magnetic field on the motion of anode and cathode plasmas in the Magnetically Limited (ML) phase is analyzed theoretically. The electron pinching process is simulated using PIC (Particle-in-Cell) code. It is shown that stable bipolar flow was formed in the ML phase, the anode and cathode plasmas were restricted within sheaths near the electrodes, and they won't close the A-K gap. As the input voltage decreases, the beam's self-magnetic field is not high enough to limit the drift of anode and cathode plasmas which closes the gap and even made the impedance collapse. Sharpening the rising edge of input pulse to achieve the ML phase early or increasing the A-K gap spacing will suppress the short-circuit phenomena caused by plasmas' drift. The experimental results of the resistive load and the rod-pinch diode are consistent with this understanding.