Rapid urbanization and agricultural expansion in arid regions have profoundly altered carbon cycles and landscape stability. Focusing on the Hexi Corridor, China, this study integrates multi-source geospatial data (1990–2020) to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution and driving factors of land-use carbon emissions (LUCE) and landscape ecological risks (LER). By integrating carbon accounting, LER assessment, bivariate spatial autocorrelation, and the Optimal Parameter Geographic Detector (OPGD), we quantify the intricate relationship between carbon dynamics and landscape integrity. Results indicate a transformative pattern of anthropogenic expansion and natural contraction, with a 2315.49 km2 net loss of unused land. Net carbon emissions surged 4.6-fold, while forest and grassland sinks exhibited a significant “lock-in effect” due to fragile ecological foundations. Simultaneously, LER followed an “inverted U-shaped” trajectory; the refined 5 × 5 km grid scale revealed a significant drop in high-risk areas from 44.65% to 10.96% following ecological restoration. Spatial analysis reveals a significant “spatial mismatch” between LUCE and LER, with oases manifesting “high carbon–low risk” clustering. Driver detection confirms a driving asymmetry. LUCE is dominated by anthropogenic factors (nighttime light, q > 0.90), whereas LER is profoundly constrained by natural backgrounds. Future governance must shift toward a collaborative system centered on source-based emission control and precise regional management to synergize low-carbon transition with landscape security.

Rural reconstruction plays a pivotal role in the revitalization of rural areas and the development of regions. Understanding the pattern and direction of rural settlement reconstruction is crucial for effectively coordinating urban and rural development, as well as promoting regional rural revitalization. The present study proposes a novel approach to elucidate the evolution and spatial reconstruction of rural settlements by integrating features of agglomeration effect and ecological effect. By employing GIS spatial analysis technology and ecosystem service value modeling, the research analyzes the combined spatial agglomeration and ecological value characteristics of rural settlements in an arid oasis area, specifically focusing on the Hexi Corridor. Based on the analysis, the study identifies specific rural settlement reconstruction zoning and directions for optimization, considering rural settlement accessibility. The study reveals three key findings: (1) There are significant differences in the scale density and spatial distribution of rural settlements across the Hexi Corridor. (2) The overall ecological environment quality is good, and there is significant spatial differentiation in the ecosystem service value, influenced by topographic factors. (3) The optimal layout mode for rural settlements in the Hexi Corridor is the combination type of ‘higher-ecological higher-density’. Based on the combined agglomeration effect and ecological effect features, the research determines the reconstruction scope of alienated rural settlements. Additionally, four predominant reconstruction modes are identified: urban agglomeration type, central village construction type, internal coordination type, and ecological protection type. The study proposes viable reconstruction paths for rural settlements based on these modes.

基于城乡统筹发展与区域协同发展研究视角，通过构建乡村振兴与新型城镇化综合评价指标体系，运用耦合协调度模型、LISA时间路径、LISA时空跃迁及地理加权回归模型等方法，分析2013—2019年甘肃省86个县域单元两者间耦合协调发展水平、时空分异特征及影响因素。结果表明：（1）全省县域乡村振兴与新型城镇化发展水平在空间分布上具有相似性，均呈现“西北高、东南低”的发展态势。其中，河西地区乡村振兴与新型城镇化发展水平最高。河西地区乡村振兴与新型城镇化耦合协调度处于全省首位，陇中地区与陇东南地区耦合协调度相对较低。全省各县域在基本失调类型和基本协调类型中乡村振兴发展滞后型均占大多数，不存在新型城镇化发展滞后型。（2）县域耦合协调度空间格局具有一定的平稳性，在局部空间依赖方向和空间增长过程中具有波动性较弱特征，受周边邻近城市溢出效应或虹吸效应相对较弱。县域自身耦合协调度受相邻县域的溢出效应影响程度较小，整体呈现出的高增长或低增长趋势较为明显。耦合协调度的局部空间关联格局保持在一定的稳定态势，多数县域未发生跃迁，空间格局呈现出一定的转移惰性与路径依赖特征。（3）县域乡村振兴与新型城镇化耦合协调度影响因素在空间上差异较大，城乡收入差距、城乡消费差距、产业二元性水平不利于两者耦合协调度的提升，经济发展水平、政府调控水平对两者耦合协调度的提升具有促进作用。

This paper used the Gini coefficient, standard deviation ellipse, and spatial autocorrelation model to analyze the overall changes, regional differences, spatio-temporal evolution pattern, and clustering characteristics of carbon emissions in 87 counties in Gansu Province from 1997 to 2017, based on which driving factors of carbon emissions were detected using the geographic detector model, so as to provide a reference for promoting low-carbon green development and ecological civilization construction in Gansu Province. The empirical research results found that county carbon emissions in Gansu Province showed a "first urgent and then slow" upward trend, and the difference in carbon emissions level has a slightly decreasing trend, and there are significant regional differences. Compared with other regions, the difference in county carbon emissions level in the Longzhong region has a smaller decline. Meanwhile, the county carbon emissions show spatial differentiation characteristics "medium-high and low-outside," among which the carbon emissions in areas with better economic foundations are much higher than those in other areas, and the spatial polarization effect is obvious. In addition, there is a significant spatial positive correlation between county carbon emissions. The counties with high-high clusters are relatively stable, mainly concentrated in the Longzhong region, while counties with low-low clusters are slightly reduced, mainly concentrated in the southern ethnic region and the Longdongnan region, and the county carbon emission clusters type has a spatial locking effect. This is mainly due to the large differences in economic scale, industrial structure, and population size in Gansu Province, and the interaction between economic scale and other factors has a more significant impact on the spatial differentiation of carbon emissions. Moreover, the leading influencing factors of county carbon emission differences also have regional differences. Therefore, differentiated and targeted carbon emission reduction strategies need to be implemented urgently. Due to the lack of real county energy consumption statistics, the research results need to be further tested for robustness.

Based on the PSR model, we built an evaluation system for resource and environment carrying capacity. We used the entropy weight method, the comprehensive index model and the spatial analysis function of GIS to explore the spatial-temporal dynamic of the resource and environment carrying capacity of the Lanzhou-Xining urban agglomeration, and used the obstacle degree model to identify the obstacle factors. The results showed that resource and environment carrying capacity of the Lanzhou-Xining urban agglomeration from 2005 to 2018 showed a fluctuating upward trend, which was generally at good condition. The coefficient of variation of resource and environment carrying capacity had a fluctuating upward trend, while regional differences were gradually expanding. Spatially, resource and environment carrying capacity presented a "dual-core" structure centered on the main urban areas of Lanzhou and Xining. The high-level areas were mainly concentrated in the Hehuang Valley with Lanzhou and Xining as the center and some surrounding counties, while the low-level areas were distributed in the central and southern regions of the urban agglomeration. Among them, there were spatiotemporal variations of the subsystem index. The pressure index showed a fluctuating and decreasing trend, and spatially showed a decreasing distribution characteristic from Lanzhou and Xining urban areas to the peripheral areas. The state index showed a fluctuating upward trend, and spatially showed the evolution characteristics of high in the east and west wings and low in the middle. The response index showed an upward trend, and spatially showed distribution patterns high in the east and middle, and low in the west and outside. The urbanization rate, per capita industrial wastewater discharge, domestic waste harmless treatment rate, water consumption index, and the proportion of environmental protection investment in GDP are the main obstacles restricting the improvement of resource and environment carrying capacity of Lanhzhou-Xining urban agglomeration.

科学确定乡村聚落体系是落实乡村振兴战略和促进农业农村现代化的关键之一,研究乡村聚落规模分布规律有助于乡村聚落体系优化.基于理论假设推导出了位序累计规模模型的准确表达及其规律,在此基础上,比较研究了位序累计规模模型和乡村位序-规模法则在河湟地区的适用性和准确性,厘清了河湟地区乡村聚落规模分布的特征和演变规律.研究显示:①位序累积规模模型是一个单调递增的凹函数(P≥1),函数表达式随着聚落规模分布的帕累托系数变化而变化.当1≤P＜ 1.20225时,Si=aln(Ni)+b,拟合系数a与首位聚落规模呈正相关;当P≥1.20225时,S=bealn(Nt),聚落规模变异系数和首位聚落规模与拟合系数a呈负相关关系,而与拟合系数b则呈正相关关系.②位序累积规模模型在河湟地区乡村聚落规模分布研究中具有良好的适用性和准确性,而乡村位序-规模法则不适用.③河湟地区乡村聚落规模分布为接近于帕累托系数为2的均衡分布且总体趋于集聚.未来河湟地区应有序推进乡村聚落向自然和社会经济条件较为优越区域适度集聚,合理制定区域乡村聚落布点规划和实用性村庄规划,走人与自然和谐共生、城乡融合发展的具有河湟地区特色的乡村振兴道路.

Based on the land utilization data of the Lanzhou-Xining urban agglomerations in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015, using the methods of transfer matrix, the paper makes a quantitative analysis of the spatial and temporal evolution process, characteristics and laws of various types of national land space from 2000 to 2015. The results are as follows. 1) Urban construction space, industrial and mining construction space and rural living space continued to increase, while agricultural production space showed a decreasing trend, and green ecological space and other ecological space showed an overall increasing trend from 2000 to 2015. 2) The characteristics of national land space transfer are as follows: the transition is relatively active from 2000 to 2005 and from 2010 to 2015, mainly from green ecological space and agricultural production space to urban construction space, rural living space and industrial and mining construction space.

构建合理的空间规划体系是落实国家生态文明战略的重要举措和落实用途管制制度的重要抓手.研究围绕建立和落实用途管制制度的目标提出了中国空间规划体系构建的思路和整体框架、层次与组成、功能与内容,以期为国内空间规划体系的建立提供理论基础.通过文献研究和综合分析的方法分析了中国现行的空间规划体系、发达国家的空间规划体系、中国“多规合一”的试点成果和围绕落实用途管制制度的空间规划体系改革的思路与框架等.研究表明,国内现行的空间规划体系存在众多问题,但可以通过构建更为科学的空间规划体系解决.中国空间规划体系的构建可以借鉴发达国家空间规划体系的成熟做法,吸取国内“多规合一”试点取得的经验.围绕落实用途管制制度构建“全国—省级—地级—县级”4级“国土空间规划+专项规划”的规划组成的空间规划体系,每一级的规划是基于落实用途管制制度且对应于该级政府事权和相关部门事权的规划.“国土空间规划”是全域性国土空间保护与开发的战略性、纲领性和基础性规划,是划定“用途区”的规划;“专项规划”是落实用途管制制度和精细化管理的需要而编制的部门性规划,是“用途区”的保护和开发规划.研究坚持“层次清晰、功能明确、上下衔接”和“宏观、中观、微观,远期、近期,刚性、弹性”相结合的基本要求和原则,构建了基于落实用途管制制度的空间规划体系思路和整体框架、层次与组成、功能与内容,这将为国内空间规划体系和落实用途管制制度构建提供理论基础.

The quality of urbanization development is closely related to the development and distribution mode in the process of urbanization development. Urbanization development and distribution mode determine the quality of regional urbanization strategy and planning, which will definitely affect the quality of urbanization development. Oasis city is a kind of widely distributed city with unique characteristics, and its development and layout mode will also affect the quality of its urbanization development. This study selects and analyzes Zongzhai Town of Jiuquan City, Gansu Province, China, which is the typical representative of oasis small town as the research object , and adopt the method of questionnaire survey and the method of the combination of qualitative and quantitative. This study is based on the investigation of farmers' urbanization willingness and understanding, and combined with the problems of fragile ecological environment, weak economic foundation, difficult construction guidance, lack of infrastructure and backward management system, and the development trend of rural economy, population and urbanization, village and town construction and land use proposes in the development of the town. And this study puts forward a mode suitable for oasis towns of "four modernizations" of "Ecological construction of oasis environment, Modernization of agricultural industry development, New community construction of rural construction and Rural gardening of human settlement environment". It can be used for reference to the urbanization development and layout mode of oasis cities.

构建区域生态安全格局对区域的可持续发展有重要的意义,肃州区位于河西走廊中西部,生态环境脆弱,水资源短缺,生态环境建设与保护形势依然严峻,通过构建区域生态安全格局实现可持续发展尤为重要.通过运用定性、定量相结合的方法分析肃州区的景观格局和景观安全格局.最后,运用系统耦合和景观生态学尺度变化的原理和方法,结合肃州区特点,构建肃州区区域生态安全格局.随着尺度的逐渐变大,区域生态安全格局包括生态资源系统耦合、自然—社会系统耦合、农业生态系统耦合、景观安全格局耦合和生态地理区域耦合5个耦合模式.

A new round of land use and planning work is going on to provide reference for further realization and the next round of planning.It is concluded that the first two rounds of planning has provided the basic framework for the new round of planning,that the contents of the new round planning are rich and comprehensive,and that there are potential problems to be solved.The next planning work asks for systematic considerations and joint efforts made by various departments concerned.