Objective:To explore the innervating nerves and supplying vessels of the transposed flaps below gluteus maximus muscle(GMM) in children and provide evidences for clinical procedure of the external anal sphincter reconstruction.Methods:The nerves as well as vessels in the pedicled flaps and their relevant data were observed and measured on buttocks of 29 children's cadavers.Results:The nerves and vessels in 36 pedicled flaps below their GMM could be assured,and one or another could be found in 7 flaps;neither was found in 5 flaps.Both nerve and vessel were damaged in 10 flaps.We could not infer that there was obviously different distributions of nerves and vessels in the pedicled flaps(P>0.05).Conclusion:The pedicled flaps below the GMM could be transposed to reconstruct the external anal sphincter.

恶性肿瘤,目前仍然采用以外科手术切除为主的综合治疗,但由于深部肿瘤的早期临床症状不明显且部位深,在发现时往往已失去手术机会,或病人的全身状况差不能耐受手术,以致放、化疗效果大受影响.目前肿瘤的冷冻治疗在国外已经不仅广泛应用于各种体表的肿瘤的治疗,还广泛地应用于各种体腔深部肿瘤的治疗,如肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、胰腺癌和直肠肛管癌等.由于条件所限,多年来国内深部肿瘤的冷冻治疗技术进展缓慢,常规开展该技术的医院为数不多,多处于试验阶段,有必要对其进展作一总结.

目的探讨急危重胆总管囊肿的治疗.方法对我院1984～2001年收治的41例急危重胆总管囊肿患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 41例患者均行囊肿切除、胆道重建术,其中3例患者分两期完成,全部病例均获治愈,随访9例近、远期效果均较好.结论囊肿切除、胆道重建术已成为根治胆总管囊肿的首选术式,但必须做好高危因素的处理,以提高手术安全性及疗效,只要度过围手术期,其预后较好.