Background:Systemic inflammation is a core driver of carotid atherosclerosis (CAS). Although various inflammatory indices derived from routine blood tests have been associated with prevalent CAS, most existing evidence is limited to cross-sectional designs, and a systematic head-to-head comparison of their predictive value is lacking. This study aimed to bridge this gap by evaluating the associations of six composite inflammatory indices with the risk of incident CAS to identify the optimal predictive marker. Methods:We conducted a prospective cohort study comprising 12,289 participants free of CAS at baseline from a health screening center in Beijing. Six inflammatory indices-Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), Systemic Inflammation Response Index (SIRI), Aggregate Index of Systemic Inflammation (AISI), and Neutrophil Percentage-to-Albumin Ratio (NPAR)-were calculated based on baseline data. Cox proportional hazards models, restricted cubic splines, and Random Survival Forest (RSF) models were utilized to assess associations and predictive performance. Mediation analysis was performed to investigate the role of Body Mass Index (BMI). Results:During follow-up, 2,432 (19.8%) participants developed CAS. After multivariable adjustment, all six inflammatory indices were independently associated with an increased risk of CAS. Among them, SIRI demonstrated the most robust predictive value; participants in the highest quartile of SIRI had a 46% higher risk compared to those in the lowest quartile (Hazard Ratio [HR] = 1.46, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.30-1.64, P < 0.001). RSF analysis confirmed the superior predictive importance of SIRI. Notably, a significant sex interaction was observed (P for interaction = 0.031), with a more pronounced association found in men. Furthermore, mediation analysis revealed that BMI partially mediated this association. Conclusion:Our findings identify SIRI as a robust and independent predictor of CAS development, outperforming other common inflammatory indices. As a readily available and cost-effective biomarker, SIRI offers significant potential for enhancing early risk stratification for subclinical atherosclerosis in clinical practice.

Gallstone disease is one of the most prevalent digestive disorders globally, showing a trend toward increasing incidence and younger onset in Asian populations. Against this backdrop, this study aims to investigate the associations between 14 different obesity and lipid-related indices and gallstones, and to compare their predictive value for gallstone screening in the Chinese population. This study included 44,030 adult participants from the Beijing MJ Health Screening Center (2009–2023). Individuals with a history of cholecystectomy or gallstones at baseline were excluded. Gallstones were diagnosed via abdominal B-mode ultrasonography. Fourteen indices were calculated and evaluated, including BMI, WHtR, BRI, ABSI, LAP, VAI, CMI, CVAI, RFM, AIP, TyG, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR. Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to assess the associations between these indices and gallstone risk, with stratified analyses performed by age (< 45 and ≥ 45 years) and sex. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) were used to evaluate non-linear relationships, and the performance and accuracy of prediction models were assessed using the C-index, calibration curves, Integrated Discrimination Improvement (IDI), and Net Reclassification Improvement (NRI). During the follow-up period, a total of 933 (2.12

PURPOSE:To investigate the associations between dairy and egg intake and NAFLD remission in a non-clinical population. METHODS:This prospective cohort study included 11,674 participants with multiple examinations between 2008 and 2023 in Beijing. The NAFLD diagnoses at baseline and remission during follow-up were confirmed by ultrasound assessments. Dairy and egg intake were assessed using a self-reported questionnaire and quantified as proportions of total energy intake. Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, dietary, and cardiometabolic confounders, were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for NAFLD persistence in relation to dairy and egg intake. RESULTS:Over 23,384 person-years of follow-up, 4532 participants experienced NAFLD remission. In multivariate-adjusted models, higher intakes of dairy and eggs were associated with a 20% (HR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.78-0.92) and a 15% (HR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.78-0.92) lower risk of NAFLD persistence, respectively, when comparing the highest to lowest quintiles (both P-trend < 0.0001). Highest intake of both dairy and eggs was associated with a 29% (HR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.62-0.82) lower risk of NAFLD persistence. Physical activity modified the relationships between dairy and egg intake and risk of NAFLD persistence (P-interaction < 0.05). Replacing energy from carbohydrate-rich foods, red meats, and unhealthy foods with dairy and eggs was associated with an observed lower risk of NAFLD persistence. CONCLUSIONS:In this NAFLD cohort, these observational findings suggest potential benefits of higher dairy and egg intake, as part of healthy lifestyles, in relation to NAFLD remission.

Dextrocardia and situs inversus are rare congenital malformations. Although associated anomalies are well recognized, their prevalence in unselected adult populations and their cardiovascular phenotypes, particularly blood pressure in nonclinical settings, remain poorly characterized. This study aimed to estimate their prevalence, blood pressure profiles, and longitudinal changes in a large nonclinical cohort. In this longitudinal observational study, we reviewed records from the Beijing MJ health check-up cohort (2003–2025). Dextrocardia and situs inversus were confirmed via electrocardiography and imaging. Linear regression models assessed blood pressure differences, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, glucolipid metabolism, renal function, and lifestyle factors. Linear mixed-effects models evaluated long-term blood pressure changes. Among 277,396 adults, 43 had dextrocardia, 38 had situs inversus, and 29 had both. The prevalence (95

Previous studies have documented variations in herpes zoster (HZ) incidence across regions and periods. We aimed to synthesize data on HZ incidence, complications, and associated healthcare costs (inpatient and outpatient) in the Chinese population aged 50 years and older over the last two decades. We searched studies published in English between January 1, 2000, and March 31, 2023 in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, EBSCO, OVID, and Web of Science, supplemented by Chinese databases CNKI, Wan Fang, CQVIP, and Yiigle. Main search terms included ‘Herpes Zoster’, ‘Herpesvirus 3, Human’, ‘Neuralgia Postherpetic’, ‘incidence’, ‘morbidity’, ‘epidemiology’, ‘complication’, ‘health care cost’, ‘expenditure’, ‘economic’, and ‘burden’. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale were used for quality assessment. Of 6,958 studies, 19 (73,044,981 total population) were included for analysis (1,107,682 HZ cases, mean age 63.03 ± 8.30 years, 47.10

Hysterectomy prevalence varies from 4 to 41

BACKGROUND:Adults with newly diagnosed diabetes are at elevated risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the extent to which optimizing modifiable lifestyle and clinical factors can mitigate this risk remains insufficiently assessed across both short- and long-term risk periods. METHODS:This study analyzed 12 222 participants from the Kailuan cohort (2006-2016) who developed new-onset diabetes and were free of baseline CVD. Modifiable risk factors were assessed using the Life's Essential 8 algorithm, including physical activity, nicotine exposure, dietary health, sleep duration, body mass index, blood pressure, blood glucose, and lipid levels. Participants were followed through 2020 for CVD incidence. Ten-year and lifetime (ages 25-85) CVD risks were estimated using Fine-Gray competing risks models. RESULTS:During a median follow-up of 7.6 years, 1371 participants experienced CVD events. Only 7.3% of individuals had ≥4 modifiable risk factors at favorable levels at baseline. The 10-year CVD risk decreased from 16.01% to 6.11% as favorable factors increased from ≤1 to ≥4; lifetime CVD risk declined from 55.16% to 26.70%. After adjusting for unmodifiable covariates, participants with 2, 3, and ≥4 favorable factors had 13% (hazard ratio [HR], 0.87 [95% CI, 0.77-0.98]), 31% (HR, 0.69 [95% CI, 0.59-0.80]), and 65% (HR, 0.35 [95% CI, 0.26-0.47]) lower 10-year CVD risks, respectively, compared with those with ≤1 favorable factor. Lifetime CVD risk reductions were 9% (HR, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.81-1.03]), 27% (HR, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.62-0.85]), and 61% (HR, 0.39 [95% CI, 0.29-0.52]), respectively. CONCLUSIONS:Improving modifiable risk factors is associated with reduced short- and long-term CVD risk in adults with new-onset diabetes, underscoring the importance of proactive lifestyle interventions in this population.

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection affects approximately 90 million people in China, where there are profoundly unmet clinical and public health needs. This study evaluated patient demographics, disease progression, and treatment management using national administrative claims data. This retrospective, observational study used anonymized data from the China Health Insurance Research Association claims database (January 1-December 31, 2016); data that could not be validated, or from duplicate entries, were excluded. Patients were identified using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision diagnostic code for CHB (B18.0 and B18.1), using keyword searches for "CHB or HBV" and free-text descriptions of CHB treatments including nucleos(t)ide analogues. Primary objectives included evaluation of: demographics and clinical characteristics of patients with CHB, overall and by presence or absence of cirrhosis and hospital tier; proportion of patients prescribed CHB treatment; and healthcare costs and utilization overall and by presence or absence of cirrhosis and hospital tier. Most identified patients with CHB were male, aged 25 to 65 years, resided in East China, and had employee health insurance. Cirrhosis was common (16.20%) and associated with male preponderance, older age, hepatitis C virus coinfection, and higher hospital care demands and costs. The most frequently visited hospitals were Tier III; patients visiting Tier III generally required more hospital care compared with those visiting Tier I/II hospitals. Only two-thirds of patients were prescribed antiviral therapy for CHB (most commonly nucleos(t)ide analogues). Results from this study highlight a substantial need to improve access to appropriate CHB treatment in China.

Aim To evaluate the prevalence of overweight/obesity and associated complications from a large, cross-sectional, nationwide database in China.Materials and Methods Data were obtained from 519 Meinian health check-up centres across 243 cities. Eligible participants were aged = 18 years, with a routine check-up in 2019 (N = 21 771 683) and complete height, weight, sex and region data. The unadjusted prevalence rates of overweight/obesity were calculated by age, sex and region. In addition, the nationwide prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were standardized according to the 2010 China census by age group and sex. The prevalence of obesity-related complications by body mass index (BMI) groups was calculated using logistic regression.Results There were 15 770 094 eligible participants (median age 40 years; mean BMI 24.1 kg/m(2); 52.8% male). By Chinese BMI classification, 34.8% were overweight and 14.1% were obese. Overweight and obesity were more prevalent in male than female participants (standardized: overweight 40.2% vs. 27.4%; obesity 17.6% vs. 9.6%, respectively). The prevalence of assessed complications was higher in participants with overweight/obesity versus those with normal BMI (P < 0.001 for trends). The most prevalent complications in participants with overweight/obesity were fatty liver disease, prediabetes, dyslipidaemia and hypertension. The number of complications increased with higher BMI.Conclusions Overweight/obesity and related complications are highly prevalent in this population. These data may better inform management and prevention public health strategies in China.

Background At present, chronic respiratory diseases are a major burden in terms of morbidity and mortality and are of increasing public health concern in China. Meanwhile, the prevalence of diabetes has increased by more than 10 times over the last 40 years. While a few studies have investigated the association between chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes mellitus, the association is not clear. This study aimed to explore this association and provide evidence. Methods In this single-center study, we enrolled participants aged ≥ 20 years undergoing at least two regular health check-ups from 2009 to 2019 at MJ Healthcare Center in Beijing. Each health check-up included physical examination, biochemical tests, a pulmonary function test, a questionnaire. A total of 11,107 adults were included, and cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were performed. Results We found that both prediabetic and diabetic adults had lower lung function than the normal population at baseline, indicating that lung function decline may start from prediabetic status. Quantitatively, with 1-mmol/L increase in fasting plasma glucose level, the forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1 ), FVC% and FEV 1 % lowered by 25 ml, 13 ml, 0.71-1.03%, and 0.46-0.72%, respectively. However, no significant difference was found in the rates for the lung function decline among different baseline diabetes statuses. Conclusion People with higher blood glucose level had more severe lung function decline, with decline starting from prediabetic status, but no significant difference was noted in the rate of lung function decline based on different baseline diabetic statuses.

Background: The etiology of gallstones at different anatomical locations may be varied. However, it has not been well studied about the prevalence of gallstones by anatomical locations and their associated factors in China. Methods: We used the data set from preventive health screening centers covering all provinces in mainland China except for Tibet, and a total of 10,937,993 adults were included, who received abdominal ultrasonography in 2017. We analyzed the prevalence of gallstones classified by anatomical locations, including gallbladder (GB) stones, intrahepatic bile duct (IHD) stones, and extrahepatic bile duct (EHD) stones. Further, their associated factors were investigated using a logistic regression model with body mass index (BMI), fasting glucose, total triglyceride, and previous cholecystectomy, with covariates of age and sex. Results: The age- and gender-standardized prevalence (AGS-prevalence) of gallstone diseases was 5.13% (95% CI: 5.11-5.14%). GB, IHD, and EHD stones accounted for 76.3%, 24.3%, and 0.2% of all gallstone cases (concomitant cases were present). GB, IHD, and EHD gallstones presented different patterns by the age, gender, geographic and metabolic factors. Overall, the age-standardized prevalence was higher in women than that in men (5.41% vs. 4.85%, P<0.001). The gender standardized prevalence of all gallstone subtypes apparently increased with age (P<0.001), especially for GB stones from 1.05% (age 18-30) to 11.6% (age >= 70) (P<0.001). There was a marked geographic variation with AGS-prevalence ranging from 3.00% to 8.86% among different provinces. Noticeably, higher BMI, fasting glucose level, or total triglyceride level was associated with a higher prevalence of overall gallstones and GB stones (OR >1), but associated with a lower prevalence of IHD and EHD stones. Conclusions: The prevalence of gallstones in China largely varied in its anatomical location, demographic factors, geographic location, and metabolic factors, suggesting that the etiology of each subtype may be different. Further investigation should be conducted.

目的 了解2008-2018年北京市城区某体检人群主要食物摄入的长期变化趋势,为制定慢性病防控和健康促进策略提供科学依据.方法 选取2008-2018年于北京美兆健康体检中心进行体检的北京城区居民为调查对象,共纳入232 702人次,对其进行食物频率问卷调查,内容包括过去1个月内的谷薯类、蛋类、禽畜肉、水产品、水果、蔬菜、豆类和奶类等食物摄入频率.采用SAS 9.4软件计算2008-2018年北京市城区居民的食物摄入量和膳食指南推荐量符合率,根据2010年全国人口普查数据中北京市20岁及以上城镇居民的性别、年龄构成进行标准化,并采用R 3.6.1进行Meta回归探索其长期变化趋势.结果 北京市城区居民谷薯类摄入总量由2008年的210.9 g下降至2018年的199.8 g,膳食指南推荐量不足率由2008年的62.7％上升至2018年的72.2％,膳食指南推荐量超标率由2008年的1.5％下降至2018年的0.3％,趋势变化均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).蛋类摄入量由24.8 g上升至31.7 g,摄入不足率由79.3％下降至62.9％,超标率由1.1％上升至2.5％,趋势变化均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).2008-2018年北京市城区居民水产品和豆类食物摄入量呈下降趋势,不足率呈上升趋势,均有统计学意义(P＜0.01);禽畜肉和水果摄入量呈上升趋势,均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),但摄入符合率变化趋势均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 2008-2018年,虽然北京市城区居民蛋类等食物的符合率有所改善,但薯类、水果、水产品、豆类等摄入不足的问题仍然普遍存在,还应采取相应干预措施以缩小各类食物摄入量与膳食指南推荐摄入量的差距.

Background: Because of the large change in iodine nutrition and other lifestyle in China, there is concern that thyroid nodules (TNs) may become epidemic. However, few data are currently available on the national prevalence of TNs. In addition, whether excess iodine in drinking water is associated with an increased risk of TNs, following universal salt iodization, has been less studied. We aim to estimate a national prevalence of TNs and its association with drinking water iodine. Methods: We conducted a national survey of 9,381,032 adults, aged 18 years or older, from 30 provinces and municipalities in China, who underwent a thyroid ultrasound test from January 2018 to December 2018. Crude and standardized prevalence of TNs were estimated. We further evaluated the ecological association between province- or city-specific iodine levels in drinking water and the prevalence of TNs using linear regression. Results: The age-standardized prevalence of TNs in men, women, and both sexes were 29.8%, 44.7%, and 37.1%, respectively. The prevalence increased with age from 22.7% (18-30 years) to 71.5% (>= 70 years), and body mass index from 26.1% (<18.5 kg/m(2)) to 40.8% (>= 28 kg/m(2)). Participants living in the eastern, northern, and northeastern regions had a higher prevalence of TNs (ranged from 38.7% to 43.7%) than those in other regions (ranged from 30.1% to 35.5%). The coastal residents (40.1%) had a higher prevalence of TNs than those in inlanders (35.4%). Higher levels of iodine in drinking water were linearly associated with increased prevalence of TNs, with Pearson correlation coefficients of 0.47 (P < 0.01) in men, 0.40 (P = 0.03) in women, and 0.46 (P = 0.01) in overall participants. Conclusion: This was a nationwide prevalence study of TNs in China, showing that TNs were common health problems, and increased concentration of iodine in drinking water was associated with a higher prevalence of TNs.

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of intraocular pressure (IOP) by sex, age, and geographic location in China and to build the corresponding reference intervals (RIs). Material and methods A cross-sectional, multi-centered, population-based study was conducted. All data were collected from participants without eye diseases who underwent ophthalmological examinations in 170 Health Screening Centers in mainland China in 2018. The non-contact tonometer was used to measure IOP. The age-, sex-, and province-specific RIs of IOP were investigated. The IOP of different age–sex groups was further explored by stratifying according to height, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, altitude, and geographic area. Results During the study, a population-based sample of 284,937 participants was included. The distribution of measured IOP followed an approximately Gaussian distribution, with a higher mean value in men than in women. The IOP showed a general trend of decline with age for both men and women and varied across geographical locations. The mean IOP was 15.4 (95% CI: 9.1-21.6) mmHg for men and 14.9 (95% CI: 9.0-20.8) mmHg for women. For men, it decreased from 11.0-23.5 mmHg at age 18-24 years to 10.5-20.5 mmHg at age ≥70 years. For women, it decreased from 10.5-22.0 to mmHg at age 18-24 years to 10.0-21.0 mm Hg at age ≥70 years. Conclusions The IOP varied with age, sex, metabolic disorders and geographic location. These RIs should be considered in the clinical process of glaucoma diagnosis and treatment.

Background Few studies have explored the prevalence and risk factors of brain infarcts (BI) detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in China. The purpose was to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of brain infarcts (BI) detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 1.4 million Chinese adults. Methods This was a multicenter cross-sectional study conducted on 1,431,527 participants aged ≥18 years (mean age: 46.4 years) who underwent MRI scans in health examinations from 28 provinces of China in 2018. MRI-defined BI was defined as focal parenchymal lesions ≥3 mm. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate risk factors associated with MRI-defined BI. Results The age- and sex-standardized prevalence of MRI-defined BI, lacunar and non-lacunar infarcts were 5.79% (5.75–5.83%), 4.56% (4.52–4.60%), and 1.23% (1.21–1.25%), respectively. The sex-standardized prevalence of MRI-defined BI ranged from 0.46% among those aged 18–29 years to 37.33% among those aged ≥80 years. Men (6.30%) had a higher age-standardized prevalence of MRI-defined BI than women (5.28%). The highest age- and sex-standardized prevalence of MRI-defined BI was observed in the Northwest (8.34%) and Northeast (8.02%) regions, while the lowest prevalence was observed in the Southwest (4.02%). A higher risk of MRI-defined BI was associated with being male [odd ratio (OR) 1.17, 95% CI 1.15–1.19], older age (OR per 10-year increments 2.33, 2.31–2.35), overweight (1.12, 1.10–1.14) or obesity (1.18, 1.16–1.21), hypertension (1.80, 1.77–1.83), diabetes (1.24, 1.21–1.26), and dyslipidemia (1.07, 1.05–1.08). Conclusion MRI-defined BI is highly prevalent in China, even among young adults. MRI-defined BI was associated with being male, older age, living in the northern region, and metabolic conditions.

Objective The risk of gallstones among metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) individuals is largely unexplored. Therefore, the present study investigated the association between MHO and gallstones in a health check-up cohort of Chinese adults. Design A prospective cohort study. Methods Participants included 58,862 individuals from the MJ health check-up cohort aged ≥ 18 years without history of gallstones at baseline. Gallstones were diagnosed using abdominal B-type ultrasound. Metabolically healthy was defined as not having any one of the components of metabolic syndrome. Obesity was identified by body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Participants were cross-classified at baseline by metabolic health and obesity. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of gallstones across BMI categories were estimated with Cox proportional hazard regression models. Results During a median follow-up of 3.0 (interquartile range, 1.6-6.1) years, 1,269 participants developed gallstones. Individuals with MHO (HR: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.23, 3.09 for BMI criteria; HR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.37, 2.21 for WC criteria) had significantly higher risk of gallstones than those with metabolically healthy normal weight. In metabolically healthy individuals, BMI and WC both displayed linear dose-response relationships with gallstones (P for non-linearity > 0.05). The association between MHO and gallstones remained unchanged when using different criteria for metabolic health and obesity. Conclusions MHO was significantly associated with gallstones, suggesting that obesity can independently contribute to gallstones development, even among metabolically healthy individuals. These findings emphasize that metabolically healthy individuals may still benefit from maintaining normal body weight to prevent gallstones.

IntroductionPrevious studies based on a single measure of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) showed an inconsistent conclusion about the association between FPG and osteoporosis risk. Not accounting for time-varying and cumulative average of FPG over time could bias the true relation between FPG and osteoporosis. Our study aims to investigate the association between the trajectories of FPG and osteoporosis risk for non-diabetic and diabetic populations.MethodsA total of 18,313 participants who attended physical examinations during 2008–2018 were included. They were free of osteoporosis at their first physical examination and followed until their last physical examination before December 31, 2018. We recorded their incidence of osteoporosis and at least three FPG values during follow-up. Their longitudinal FPG trajectories were identified by the latent class growth analysis model based on the changes in FPG. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between the trajectories of FPG and osteoporosis diagnosed in the follow-up physical examination in both non-diabetics and diabetics.ResultsThere were 752 incident osteoporosis among 16,966 non-diabetic participants, and 57 incident osteoporosis among 1,347 diabetic participants. Among non-diabetics, the elevated-increasing FPG trajectory was negatively associated with osteoporosis risk in women (odds ratio (OR), 0.62; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.43–0.88). Premenopausal women with elevated-increasing FPG trajectory had lower osteoporosis risk than those women with normal-stable FPG trajectory (OR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.20–0.88), while this association was insignificant in postmenopausal women. Among diabetics, those whose longitudinal FPG is kept at a very high level had the highest risk of osteoporosis (OR, 3.09; 95% CI, 1.16–8.22), whereas those whose FPG starts with the high level and keeps on increasing did not exhibit a significantly increased risk (OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 0.81–3.76) compared with those who keep stable moderate-high level of FPG, except in men (OR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.02–6.12).ConclusionDistinct trajectories of FPG are associated with differential risk of osteoporosis in non-diabetic and diabetic populations. Controlling a proper FPG level in different populations is necessary for osteoporosis prevention.

目的 描述2008-2018年北京市城区年龄≥20岁体检人群不健康饮食的长期变化趋势,为人群膳食干预提供证据.方法 以2008-2018年在北京美兆健康体检中心进行体检的人群为研究对象,采用半定量食物频率问卷进行膳食调查,获得北京市城市居民部分不健康饮食信息,包括含糖饮料、油炸类、腌制类食物、方便面及酱油等含盐佐料的日均摄入量,采取Meta回归分析描述其时间变化趋势.结果 共纳入232 702人次,经性别和年龄标化后,2008-2018年北京城市居民油炸类食物的日均摄入量呈上升趋势,上升幅度为0.23 g/年(P＜0.001);方便面的日均摄入量呈下降趋势,下降幅度为0.26 g/年(P＜0.001);含糖饮料和腌制食物摄入量有下降趋势(均有P＜0.05),酱油等含盐佐料变化无统计学意义(P=0.073),除腌制类食物上述趋势在男女性中均表现为低年龄组变化趋势更明显(均有P＜0.05).结论 2008-2018年,北京城市居民不健康饮食摄入存在长期变化趋势,且以年轻人变化更为明显,提示了人群膳食干预的重点.