川中磨溪地区灯二段气藏是典型的构造油气藏,准确地预测灯二顶界面的海拔至关重要.这里以综合波阻抗反演的组合层速度场构建技术为基础,从背景层速度场和目的层段的速度场的融合处理和基于完钻井测井数据或VSP数据的井控误差校正等方面,对原技术流程进行了细化,得到了一套适用于构造成图的高精度层速度场构建的技术流程.磨溪区块灯二顶界面的构造成图分析表明,采用高精度层速度构建流程获得的层速度的计算精度,优于常规的基于DIX公式的计算方法,该成果有助于磨溪地区灯二气藏的高效开发.

电成像的处理、解释大量依赖人工操作,存在缝洞表征困难等问题.人工操作不但效率低,而且还存在难以消除的人为误差.为此,提出一种基于图像区域分割和卷积神经网络的电成像图像自动识别裂缝、溶蚀孔洞的方法.该方法基于电成像数据,结合Otsu算法与平均法分割阈值,从地层背景中分离裂缝、溶蚀孔洞信息,并应用连通域.像素标记法提取独立的连通域缝洞个体;然后,搭建并训练改进的LeNet-5网络模型,以多种地质构造的图像特征为标准制备训练样本集,实现缝洞特征的自动识别;最后,结合常规测井曲线,利用训练后模型的识别结果对图像分类,利用识别和提取的裂缝、溶蚀孔洞结果准确计算有效面孔率等定量评价参数.通过测试模型和实际数据的应用,验证了方法的适用性和合理性.相较于电成像的人工处理手段,该方法能够提高精度(避免人为误差)和处理速度(15s/m),训练模型针对测试集的预测准确率达97.8％,可为缝洞型储层的测井精细解释提供算法支撑.

During the exploration of the south central Sichuan Basin,the fine-medium grained dolostones of Lower Permian Qixia Formation was found as good reservoir rocks.Industrial gas flows were obtained in numbers of development wells, which reveals great potentiality of the gas exploration.For the further prediction of dolomite reservoir distribution characteristics in central and southern regions, speeding up the next exploration and development of the study area, the genesis of dolomite reservoir is studied through the application of reservoir lithology recognition, carbon and oxygen isotope, fluid inclusion, cathodoluminescence and rare earth elements analysis in this study.The results show that, in the Qixia Formation,the dolostones formed without associated gypsum or other evaporites; the reservoir rocks are mainly gray fine-medium grained dolostones, which spread mainly in the Qier Group.According to a series of reservoir rock analysis, the δ13C content is 4.03 ~4.77‰; the paleosalinity varies among 131.74~133.39; the homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions are among 110 ~180 ℃; the cathodeluminescence is fairly weak, and the dolomitic matrix reflects purple red light, while the saddle dolomite filled in the vugs absorbs all the light; the distribution tend of light rare earth elements and heavy ones are consistent with the protolith.Overall, in this study it is believed that the Qier Group dolomites were formed during the burial stage,while saddle dolomites filled in the vugs and fractures were formed due to a hydrothermal cause.

LNG tanks are the key equipment for LNG plants and terminals.Reliability of LNG storage tank safeguarding system design is directly related to the safe running of plant in case of emergency.Through the comprehensive analysis on design principles, scheme setting, operation and equipment selection of LNG storage tank level protection system, pressure protection system, leakage alarm system, combustible gas detection and alarm system, fire system and other safety systems, this paper puts forward the design concept for each protection system of LNG storage tank on the basis of assessment and analysis of safety integrity level, which provides reference for the design of similar LNG storage tank safeguarding system and guidance for the management of safe and stable operation of tanks in LNG plant.

Reservoir permeability is greatly affected by karstification,and the applicability of existing permeability models is poor in Cambrian dolomite reservoirs of Longwangmiao Formation,Moxi-Gaoshiti area,central Sichuan Basin.The core photos,rock slices,mercury injection capillary pressure,nuclear magnetic resonance and logging data were used to classify the reservoir types according to karstification,reservoir space and pore structure.The beach-controlled karst dolomite reservoirs with strong heterogeneity were divided into karst cave type,dissolved pore type and matrix pore type.Then,new permeability models were established with physical property analysis data of full diameter core and standard plunger core by the difference between their characterization scale.Full diameter core has larger scale of representation,so as to establish the permeability interpretation model of karst cave type;standard plunger core has smaller scale of representation,so as to establish permeability interpretation models of dissolved pore type and matrix pore type.Practical application results show that,compared with the conventional Timur formula and NMR Coates model,the permeability value calculated by classified statistic models is more consistent with core analysis.This method can effectively improve the accuracy of permeability calculation in beach-controlled karst reservoirs.

我国煤层气储量排在世界第三位,但我国的煤层气商业化相对落后.煤层气资源丰富,开发前景大,将会成为石油、天然气能源的强大后备力量,可促进我国经济的可持续发展.煤层气的开发手段、相关政策和管理机制尚不完善.

高升采油厂现有离退休职工852人.多年来,以科学发展观为统领,以稳定、发展、争谐、创新为主题,树立大和谐、大文体的工作理念,以大胆实践、求实创新为手段,以喜闻乐见、新颖活动为载体,以组织管理为保障,以提升情操、身心健康为目的.坚持常规活动与特色活动相结合,总结出了一套符合老年心理和身体健康的文体活动规律,深受领导和离退休职工的认可和赞誉,在组织参加局离退休管理中心的“颂歌献辽河”大合唱中获得了“最佳表演奖”；在重阳节的大型活动展演中获得了“优秀组织奖”等荣誉.

本文探析了我国中小企业表外融资及监管的相关问题,从分析中小企业会计特点出发,研究了中小企业研究表外融资的动因,并从多个方面提出对我国中小企业表外融资的监管对策。