Based on the new data of drilling, seismic, logging, test and experiments, the key scientific problems in reservoir formation, hydrocarbon accumulation and efficient oil and gas development methods of deep and ultra-deep marine carbonate strata in the central and western superimposed basin in China have been continuously studied. (1) The fault-controlled carbonate reservoir and the ancient dolomite reservoir are two important types of reservoirs in the deep and ultra-deep marine carbonates. According to the formation origin, the large-scale fault-controlled reservoir can be further divided into three types: fracture-cavity reservoir formed by tectonic rupture, fault and fluid-controlled reservoir, and shoal and mound reservoir modified by fault and fluid. The Sinian microbial dolomites are developed in the aragonite-dolomite sea. The predominant mound-shoal facies, early dolomitization and dissolution, acidic fluid environment, anhydrite capping and overpressure are the key factors for the formation and preservation of high-quality dolomite reservoirs. (2) The organic-rich shale of the marine carbonate strata in the superimposed basins of central and western China are mainly developed in the sedimentary environments of deep-water shelf of passive continental margin and carbonate ramp. The tectonic-thermal system is the important factor controlling the hydrocarbon phase in deep and ultra-deep reservoirs, and the reformed dynamic field controls oil and gas accumulation and distribution in deep and ultra-deep marine carbonates. (3) During the development of high-sulfur gas fields such as Puguang, sulfur precipitation blocks the wellbore. The application of sulfur solvent combined with coiled tubing has a significant effect on removing sulfur blockage. The integrated technology of dual-medium modeling and numerical simulation based on sedimentary simulation can accurately characterize the spatial distribution and changes of the water invasion front. Afterward, water control strategies for the entire life cycle of gas wells are proposed, including flow rate management, water drainage and plugging. (4) In the development of ultra-deep fault-controlled fractured-cavity reservoirs, well production declines rapidly due to the permeability reduction, which is a consequence of reservoir stress-sensitivity. The rapid phase change in condensate gas reservoir and pressure decline significantly affect the recovery of condensate oil. Innovative development methods such as gravity drive through water and natural gas injection, and natural gas drive through top injection and bottom production for ultra-deep fault-controlled condensate gas reservoirs are proposed. By adopting the hierarchical geological modeling and the fluid-solid-thermal coupled numerical simulation, the accuracy of producing performance prediction in oil and gas reservoirs has been effectively improved.

In the past decade, with the improvement of shale gas exploration and development theory and techno-logy, the commercial development of marine shale gas from Ordovician Wufeng to Silurian Longmaxi formations in southern China has been achieved, and the target of shale gas exploration and development is gradually shifting towards shale gas of deep and complex structural areas and new formations. In order to further promote efficient exploration and development of shale gas, a systematic review was conducted on the recent exploration and deve-lopment progress of SINOPEC shale gas and an analysis was conducted on the development trend of shale gas in China. The research results indicate that: ① The high-quality Fuling National Shale Gas Demonstration Zone has been built and a key technology system for three-dimensional development of marine shale gas has been innovatively formed. ② The large-scale and efficient development of atmospheric shale gas in Dongsheng and Baima blocks of Nanchuan has been realized, and four shale gas accumulation and dispersion models have been constructed: anticline, monocline, reverse fault blocking, and residual syncline. A fine zoning and differentiated development model and a low-cost technology system for atmospheric shale gas have been preliminarily formed. ③ The deep large-scale fields of trillions of square meters in southeastern Sichuan basin edge have been preliminarily implemented, an "overpressure rich gas" model of marine deep shale gas has been innovatively formed, and a fracturing technology system of deep shale gas in the deep range of 4 000-4 500 m has been preliminarily formed. ④ Major breakthroughs have been made successively in Jurassic of Yuanba and Puguang, Permian of Hongxing and Puguang, and Cambrian of Jingyan and Qianwei. ⑤ The future breakthrough and development of shale gas cannot be achieved without innovative research on exploration and development theory and technology. The integration of exploration and development, geological engineering, and technology and economy must be adhered to. The complexity of deep, normal-pressured, and geological characteristics of new shale gas formations should be fully understood. In addition, policy support is also required.

In the Jiaoshiba block of the Fuling shale gas field, the employed reserves and recovery factor by primary well pattern are low, no obvious barrier is found in the development layer series, and layered development is difficult. Based on the understanding of the main factors controlling shale gas enrichment and high production, the theory and technology of shale gas three-dimensional development, such as fine description and modeling of shale gas reservoir, optimization of three-dimensional development strategy, highly efficient drilling with dense well pattern, precision fracturing and real-time control, are discussed. Three-dimensional development refers to the application of optimal and fast drilling and volume fracturing technologies, depending upon the sedimentary characteristics, reservoir characteristics and sweet spot distribution of shale gas, to form "artificial gas reservoir" in a multidimensional space, so as to maximize the employed reserves, recovery factor and yield rate of shale gas development. In the research on shale gas three-dimensional development, the geological + engineering sweet spot description is fundamental, the collaborative optimization of natural fractures and artificial fractures is critical, and the improvement of speed and efficiency in drilling and fracturing engineering is the guarantee. Through the implementation of three-dimensional development, the overall recovery factor in the Jiaoshiba block has increased from 12.6% to 23.3%, providing an important support for the continuous and stable production of the Fuling shale gas field.

在"双碳"目标下,油气行业面临着保障能源供应和绿色低碳发展的双重使命.分析全球能源转型大势下油气行业面对的新趋势和面临的新要求,提出"双碳"目标下我国油气产业发展路径.一是坚定不移持续加大勘探开发,确保国家核心油气需求供给安全;二是加大油气生产过程节能减碳改造,努力实现绿色低碳发展;三是推动油气传统能源与风光等新能源协同发展,实现油气能源与新能源融合互促;四是积极拓展共生伴生资源,打造新的业务增长极;五是大力发展碳捕获、利用与封存(Carbon Capture,Utilization and Storage,CCUS)负碳产业,发挥其在落实"双碳"目标中的兜底作用.

In this review on the exploration and development process of the Shunbei ultra-deep carbonate oil and gas field in the Tarim Basin, the progress of exploration and development technologies during the National 13th Five-Year Plan of China has been summarized systematically, giving important guidance for the exploration and development of ultra-deep marine carbonate reservoirs in China and abroad. Through analyzing the primary geological factors of "hydrocarbon generation-reservoir formation-hydrocarbon accumulation" of ancient and superposed basin comprehensively and dynamically, we point out that because the Lower Cambrian Yuertusi Formation high-quality source rocks have been located in a low-temperature environment for a long time, they were capable of generating hydrocarbon continuously in late stage, providing ideal geological conditions for massive liquid hydrocarbon accumulation in ultra-deep layers. In addition, strike-slip faults developed in tectonically stable areas have strong control on reservoir formation and hydrocarbon accumulation in this region. With these understandings, the exploration focus shifted from the two paleo-uplifts located in the north and the south to the Shuntuoguole lower uplift located in between and achieved major hydrocarbon discoveries. Through continuing improvement of seismic exploration technologies for ultra-deep carbonates in desert, integrated technologies including seismic acquisition in ultra-deep carbonates, seismic imaging of strike-slip faults and the associated cavity-fracture systems, detailed structural interpretation of strike-slip faults, characterization and quantitative description of fault-controlled cavities and fractures, description of fault-controlled traps and target optimization have been established. Geology-engineering integration including well trajectory optimization, high efficiency drilling, completion and reservoir reformation technologies has provided important support for exploration and development of the Shunbei oil and gas field.

陆相页岩油作为我国油气增储上产的重要接替领域日益受到广泛关注.本文系统阐述了我国陆相页岩油地质特征、理论与技术研究进展,并对陆相页岩油的发展前景进行了展望:①中国陆相页岩与北美海相页岩相比,具有非均质性强、累计厚度大、分布面积小、热演化程度相对较低、有机质类型多样的特点;②中国陆相湖盆主要有断陷和坳陷两类盆地,页岩沉积环境多样,主要发育富碳酸盐岩和富长英质两类沉积体系,淡水、半咸水、咸水、盐湖环境均可形成富有机质页岩;陆相页岩一般具有较好的储集性能,储集空间类型以无机孔和微裂缝为主,随着热演化程度增高有机质孔逐渐增多;③有机质丰度、岩相类型、热演化程度、保存条件、可流动性和可压裂性是控制我国陆相页岩油富集高产的主要因素;④经过多年攻关,已经形成了陆相页岩油选区评价、甜点地球物理预测、长水平井钻完井与分段压裂改造技术系列,为页岩油的勘探突破提供了有效支撑;⑤为了促进页岩油产业发展,建议进一步加强不同类型页岩油富集机理与分布预测、页岩油流动机理与开发技术政策、长水平井优快钻完井与高效压裂技术、配套装备与材料的攻关.

Since the 13th Five-Year Plan, Sinopec has been thoroughly carrying out the new energy security strategy of “four revolutions and one cooperation” and the spirit of the important instruction of “powerful promotion of petroleum exploration and development”. Focusing on strategic breakthrough and large-scale reserve increase, the petroleum exploration enhances the theoretical and technological innovation and highlights high-quality exploration battles, so that a series of important petroleum exploration achievements have been gained. In order to accelerate and promote the development of Sinopec's natural gas business, this paper forecasts Sinopec's exploration direction and development potential of natural gas in the future after comprehensively sorting out the achievements and theoretical and technological progresses of natural gas exploration since the 13th Five-Year Plan. And the following research results are obtained. First, since the 13th Five-Year plan, Sinopec has been persisting in the strategic deployment of “balancing marine and continental facies and focusing conventional and unconventional resources”. According to the idea of “extending marine conventional gas, strengthening marine shale gas and optimizing continental tight gas”, Sinopec innovatively develops the hydrocarbon accumulation theory of marine shale gas in southern China, marine carbonate rock in central–western China and tight clastic rock in central–western China. Second, by virtue of researches, a 3D seismic exploration technology with reservoir identification and description as the basis and sweet spot prediction as the core is developed, and several support equipment and tools are integrated, such as deep and ultra-deep drilling and completion, acid fracturing testing, long horizontal well fracturing and high power electric fracturing, and drillable composite bridge plug. Third, a series of natural gas exploration achievements are obtained in three major fields of marine shale, marine carbonate rock and continental tight clastic rock, and new proven natural gas reserves of 1.0068 × 1012 m3 is achieved, which provides Sinopec with high-quality resource guarantee for the fast increase of natural gas production. Fourth, looking forward, there are abundant natural gas resource bases in Sinopec's licenses, and the main development directions of its natural gas exploration are marine carbonate rock in central–western China, tight clastic rock and shale in central–western China, marine deep clastic rock, and deep clastic rock and igneous rock in the mature areas of eastern China. In conclusion, Sinopec's new proven natural gas reserves during the 14th Five-Year Plan is predicted to be 1.16 × 1012–1.36 × 1012 m3, which can provide a solid resources base for the great development of natural gas in China.

A basic research program on deep hydrocarbon resource accumulation mechanisms and key exploitation technologies was initiated by the National Natural Science Foundation of China at the beginning of 2020, to meet the theoretical and technological demands of deep hydrocarbon exploration and development in the Tarim, Sichuan and Ordos basins. This paper provided a review of the recent program progresses on (1) the reconstruction of prototypes and the transformation histories of three ancient cratons in China; (2) the petroleum accumulation and flow mechanisms in deep marine carbonate reservoirs and deep shale gas systems; (3) the geophysical theories and methods for imaging the deep structures and predicting the deep petroleum reservoirs; and (4) the new protocols and downhole tools for deep well drilling and completion. Brief comments were also made on the preliminary application of the recent program results in facilitating several breakthroughs in the deep petroleum exploration of the Tarim and Sichuan basins.

深入总结中国石油化工股份有限公司(简称中国石化)"十三五"期间在不同勘探领域取得的各项成果,梳理和分析油气成藏理论新认识和技术新进展,以期为"十四五"发展规划编制提供依据.5年来,中国石化大力推进高质量勘探,通过攻关中西部三大盆地海相碳酸盐岩、四川盆地致密气及深层—常压页岩气、东部成熟探区复杂隐蔽油气藏、中西部碎屑岩致密油气等领域的油气富集理论、甜点预测技术及低成本工程工艺技术,发现并培育了塔里木盆地顺北油田、四川盆地涪陵页岩气田两个10×108t级大油气田,拓展了 6个亿吨级规模效益增储阵地.通过中国石化矿权区油气资源赋存状况研究,明确了"十四五"发展思路及措施:立足长期低油价下高质量发展,加大勘探力度,拓展资源类型、突出区带整体、注重低品位盘活,加快推进勘探大突破大发现,预计新增探明石油地质储量9.6×108t、天然气地质储量1.16×1012m3.为确保发展目标顺利实现,提出了持续加大勘探投入、加大地震勘探、加强风险勘探、加强科技创新、提升工程技术5项保障措施.

With the expansion to the deep strata for the exploration of marine oil and gas in the Tarim Basin, the upper limit of temperature for the occurrence of ultra-deep reservoirs has become a scientific concerning of organic geochemistry and petroleum geology. Thermal simulations of the ultra-deep Ordovician oil from well SB 7 in the North Shuntuoguole area of Tarim Basin were carried out using a gold-tube confined system under two different pressures of 50 and 90 MPa and two different heating rates of 2 and 20℃/h, respectively. According to the results of simulation experiments, Kinetics software was used to calculate the chemical kinetics, and the mass yield of gas generation during oil-cracking under different temperature and pressure conditions was compared, and its geological significance was discussed. Under different temperature and pressure stages, the same oil sample experienced a similar process of oil-cracking as well as of total volume and mass yield of gas generation. Heavier gas compounts were generated in the early stage of oil-cracking and further transformed to form methane in the later stage. Heating rates impacted greatly on oil-cracking processes. Under a higher heating rate, the oil-cracking process moved to higher temperature and the separate oil phase can be kept with a higher temperature limit. High pressures only played minor roles on oil-cracking. With the same heating rate, higher pressure negligibly suppressed oil-cracking in the early stage of oil-cracking, whereas in the later stage, higher pressure promoted oil-cracking a bit. The difference of oil-cracking process under different temperatures and pressures can be explained by the distribution of activation energy. The distribution of activation energy of C1-C5 gas mass yield of oil-cracking of well SB 7 is relatively more concentrated, suggesting that the "temperature window" of oil-cracking is relatively narrower. According to the thermal simulation and kinetics calculation results, the maximum temperature of oil phase in the block 1 in the North Shuntuoguole area is greater than 180℃, and oil phase can be maintained at a depth greater than 9 000 m.

"十三五"期间,中国石化以大力提升油气勘探开发力度、保障国家能源安全为己任,按照"加快开发志留系、攻关突破新类型、积极准备新区新层系"发展思路,加强勘探开发一体化、地质工程一体化,加大关键技术攻关,高效开发了北美以外最大的页岩气田——涪陵页岩气田,探明了中国首个深层页岩气田——威荣页岩气田,实现了中国首个常压页岩气田规模商业发现,落实了深层、常压5个千亿方资源规模新阵地,侏罗系陆相页岩油气、二叠系海相页岩气以及中扬子新区新层系勘探取得新发现.页岩气地质理论认识不断深化,深层页岩气富集机理、常压页岩气富集规律研究取得新认识,创新形成了海相页岩气提高采收率技术、3800 m深层页岩气开发技术和常压页岩气低成本技术体系,助推页岩气储、产量快速增长,实现页岩气跨越式发展,持续引领中国页岩气发展.未来页岩气攻关方向将以四川盆地及周缘深层、常压、新区新层系为重点领域,加强不同类型页岩气富集机理、开发基础理论研究和关键技术攻关,在"十四五"期间形成涪陵万亿方规模大气田,深层、常压、新区新层系战略领域取得新突破,实现多类型页岩气商业发现和储、产量规模增长.

海相深层油气是国际上普遍关注的重大领域.经过长期的勘探实践,尽管中国的石油公司在四川和塔里木盆地海相深层-超深层碳酸盐岩油气勘探中取得了重大突破,在四川盆地及周缘海相深层页岩气勘探上也取得了重要进展,但仍然存在许多科学与技术问题需要继续攻关解决.文中对中国海相深层油气富集机理与勘探开发研究现状、关键技术瓶颈与基础科学问题进行了系统分析,提出应该从国家资源战略需求出发,立足于上扬子、塔里木和华北三大克拉通盆地原型-改造作用分析进行相关研究:1)针对海相深层碳酸盐岩油气和深层页岩气富集与流动机理、深层复杂构造成像与多类型储层预测原理、高温高压深层钻完井工程与控制原理等关键科学问题,开展多学科交叉融合和技术集成研究;2)在油气成藏与流动开采机理研究方面,加强成盆-成岩-成储-成烃-成藏的全要素和从地质-人文时间尺度的全过程动态分析,构建海相深层常规-非常规油气有序成藏模式和烃类流动模式,为油气资源潜力评价和有利区带预测奠定基础;3)针对海相深层油气勘探所面临的低信噪比、低分辨率、低成像精度及低保真度等主要地球物理问题,应该从深层复杂构造成像与复杂储集层预测两个方面,加强宽频地震采集、复杂储集层岩石物理建模、高精度叠前保幅成像、复杂储集层综合评价等技术的攻关;4)针对海相深层层系多、非均质性强和高温高压等特点,重点解决与超深井提速和井筒完整性等相关的突出工程技术问题.

战略重组以来,中国石化上游资源战略稳步推进,构建了由东部到西部、由石油到油气、由常规到非常规及新能源的发展格局,形成了石油稳定发展、天然气快速发展、新能源有序推进、海外油气业务持续优化、工程技术支撑能力不断提升、信息化与智能化建设快速推进的发展态势.2016年以来,油气勘探开发成效显著,塔里木盆地、四川盆地海相碳酸盐岩领域油气储量、产量实现大规模增长,东部成熟探区精细勘探开发实现效益增储建产,中西部盆地碎屑岩勘探开发实现效益建产,四川盆地深层、常压页岩气勘探开发取得新突破,海外油气勘探取得新进展.展望未来,中国石化以保障国家能源安全为己任,大力提升国内油气勘探开发力度、持续优化海外油气勘探开发结构、加快推进天然气产供储销体系建设、积极推进新能源业务发展,大力推进高质量勘探、效益开发,实现规模增储上产,确保“七年行动计划”目标顺利实现.

In order to evaluate the CBM exploration potential of Hongguo Block, the basic geological conditions for the enrichment of CBM reservoirs were analyzed from the aspects such as stratigraphic distribution, coal quality, physical characteristics, gas-bearing capacity and preservation conditions by the data of coal drilling and CBM wells. And then the resource potential of CBM was preliminarily accessed. Finally, the favorable gas-rich areas were further optimized. Results show that coal bed in Hongguo Block has the characteristics of moderate burial depth（500~1 200 m）, large accumulated thickness（10.3~25.8 m）, moderate thermal maturity（0.9 %~2.0 %） and high gas content（10.8~26.3 m 3/t）, with superior geological conditions of CBM accumulation. By the comprehensive evaluation, the favorable CBM area is about 260 km 2 and the amount of resource is about 422×10 8 m 3. The most favorable area type I1 is located in the east of Panguan syncline, with high thermal evolution degree, developed cleavage and fissure, high pressure coefficient, and superior preservation conditions, which is the primary target area for the next CBM exploration.

中国页岩气地质资源丰富,但与北美相比具有地质年代老、埋深大、热演化程度高、构造和地表条件复杂的特点,很难实现商业开发.自2006年以来,中国石化页岩气勘探开发经历了调研及选区评价、勘探突破和勘探开发快速发展3个阶段.2012年,海相页岩气勘探获得重大突破,高效建成中国首个页岩气田——涪陵页岩气田,并实现威荣深层页岩气商业开发及其他勘探领域的不断拓展,页岩气探明储量、产量快速规模增长.经过十余年的科技攻关和重大装备研发,中国石化创新引领了页岩气藏精细描述及综合评价技术体系,发展了立体开发调整技术,形成了山地条件下优快钻井与长水平井分段压裂及气田绿色开发配套技术.中国石化未来将持续加强地质评价与探索,夯实可持续发展的资源基础,坚持地质工程一体化发展思路,加强技术装备升级,利用大数据、人工智能助推油气行业降本增效,加强项目全过程一体化管理,提升页岩气开发效益,从而实现中国石化页岩气探明储量、产量稳步增长.

中国中西部主要盆地致密砂岩油气资源丰富,是油气勘探开发的重要领域,但致密砂岩油气的形成和分布复杂、多变,制约勘探开发获得更好的效益.解决这一问题的途径之一,就是评价、筛选和开发利用其中的"甜点",以减少不确定性.分析中西部大型盆地碎屑岩层系致密油气的特点,同时考虑现场资料与预测技术友好、形成机理与分布规律相对统一、经济与技术策略相对一致等要求,以控制甜点储层形成、分布的主要地质作用为线索,将甜点分为相控型、缝控型和壳控型三大类以及不同类型.其中,相控型甜点储层受控于埋藏过程中的成岩作用,发育于特定的岩石相内部;缝控型甜点形成于断裂和褶皱等强构造变形位置,以裂缝网络作为油气储、渗的关键要素;壳控型甜点形成于长期抬升的强风化淋滤作用下,在风化壳内部淋滤层的约束下发育和分布.在此基础上,以四川盆地川西坳陷东坡侏罗系的"窄河道"、四川盆地北部马路背地区须家河组的"断缝体"以及准噶尔盆地西部车排子地区的石炭系为实例,分析了不同类型甜点形成、分布特征和主要控制因素.以成储地质作用及其产物对甜点进行分类,可以促进对致密砂岩油气甜点(区)形成、分布规律的研究与表征,也有助于采取针对性的地质、地球物理及工程技术策略,更好地评价、优选和开发甜点.

中国沉积盆地深层的油气勘探实践不断取得进步,提出了与之密切相关的油气地质基础科学问题,凝练与分析这些问题将为深化我国沉积盆地深层地质研究与油气勘探提供引领.近年来,我国在深层海相碳酸盐岩、砂砾岩、火山岩、变质岩与页岩气等勘探领域中发现了一系列大型油气田,油气勘探发现深度推进到7 000～8 500 m,勘探前景良好.但由于沉积盆地深层经历了长期构造演化,温、压场与应力场变化大,地质结构多变,油气成藏过程复杂,深层油气勘探面临着一系列关键地质问题,主要包括:中国大陆的形成演化及其构造-古地理,中国小克拉通地块之上海相盆地的原型及演化,中国沉积盆地的多期改造过程与叠加地质结构,沉积盆地的成因机制与动力学演化,深层烃源岩发育、成烃机制及其演化,深层储集体的形成机制与分布,深层油气成藏机制,多期叠加、改造背景下油气聚集与分布规律,深层页岩气赋存机制与分布规律,过程导向的沉积盆地4D动态模拟.我国沉积盆地深层的油气地质基础研究与实际应用需求相比有较大差距,需要立足于中国大陆实际,在盆地的形成演化过程与油气成藏动力学等方面进行深入探索,期望在活动论构造-古地理、三维构造复原、流体-岩石相互作用与四维动态模拟方面取得实质性进展.

中国石化页岩油勘探经历了早期选区评价及专探井试验、新一轮基础研究与先导试验两个阶段.通过早期页岩油专探井试验,发现陆相页岩油普遍存在“压不开、撑不住、返排低、稳产难”的现象,在国家“973计划”、国家科技重大专项及中国石化相关项目的依托下,重点围绕页岩岩相特征、页岩油可流动性、页岩可压裂性进行了科技攻关,取得了积极进展,明确咸化湖盆纹层状页岩相是最有利岩相、较高成熟度页岩油是近期攻关的主要目标,初步形成了页岩油甜点地球物理预测方法和陆相页岩油工程工艺技术系列. “十三五”至“十四五”期间,中国石化将加强中高成熟度页岩油基础理论研究与技术攻关,力争实现页岩油规模性商业开发.

Through detailed analyses of the distribution characteristics of organic-rich shale, appearance features of high-quality shale, microscopic characteristics of shale reservoir rocks, fracability, and the relationship between preservation conditions and shale gas enrichment in Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation−Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in Sichuan Basin, theoretical understandings and specific suggestions with respect to the exploration and development of shale gas in China are summarized and proposed respectively. Important geological understandings in the exploration and development of shale gas of the Wufeng Formation–Longmaxi Formation in the Sichuan Basin can be summarized into the following aspects: depositional environment and depositional process control the distribution of organic-rich shale; high quality shale in “sweet spot segments” are commonly characterized by high content of organic carbon, high brittleness, high porosity and gas content; organic pores are important storage space for the enrichment of shale gas; preservation conditions are the key factor for the geological evaluation of shale gas in structurally complex regions; shale gas can be considered as “artificial gas reservoirs” and the fracability assessment is essential for high-production; nanoscale storage space and the mode of occurrence control the special seepage characteristics of shale gas. The following suggestions are proposed for the development of China's shale gas industry: (1) focus more on fundamental research to achieve new breakthrough in the geological theory of shale gas; (2) emphasize exploration practices to have all-round discoveries in multiple strata; (3) study the regularities of development and production to establish new models of shale gas development; (4) think creatively to invent new technologies to tackle key problems; (5) explore the management innovation to create new mechanisms in shale gas development.