The 1,4-butanediol diacrylate was synthesized and its reaction kinetic model was studied using 1,4-butanediol and acrylic acid catalyzed by solid superacid SO42-/TiO2-SnO2. The effects of the concentration of acrylic acid, 1,4-butanediol and water on the initial reaction rate have also been investigated. Based on Elay-Rideal mechanism, the kinetic model for the solid super acid catalyst synthesis process has been established and proved to be validated though the experiments and mathematical methods. The results showed excellent accuracy of the experimental verification model. The relative errors between the values predicted by the model and those from the actual experiment was less than 5% which provided good predication for optimization of the synthesis process of 1,4-butanediol diacrylate.

以黄姜为原料,提取其中色素成分,以2,6-二叔丁基对苯酚(BHT)为对照,考察了黄姜色素成分对超氧物阴离子自由基(O2·-)、DPPH自由基、ABTS自由基的清除能力、抗脂质过氧化能力及还原能力.结果显示,黄姜色素对超氧物阴离子自由基(O2·-)的清除活性略低于BHT(IC50值为0.392mg/mL);对DPPH的清除活性(IC50值为0.334mg/mL)和对ABTS的清除活性(IC50值为0.123mg/mL)均高于BHT;在实验浓度内,黄姜色素表现出了较好的抑制脂质过氧化能力(IC50值为0.258mg/mL);此外,通过普鲁士蓝法测得色素的还原能力与BHT相当.由此可知,黄姜色素具有一定的抗氧化活性,是良好的天然抗氧化剂,可望被发展成为一种功能性食品添加剂及生物药品基料.

目的:探讨高频彩色多普勒(CDFI) 超声在乳腺肿块诊断中的作用.方法:应用高频彩色多普勒(CDFI) 超声技术对57 例乳腺肿块的患者进行超声检查, 检测肿块大小、形态、边界、内部回声、纵横比, 观察肿块内部及周边有无血流信号及其血流动力学表现,并结合临床病史,做出超声诊断,与手术病理结果相比较.结果:高频CDFI 超声对乳腺肿块检出率为100 %,对乳腺肿块的良、恶性的诊断符合率为85.96 %.结论:高频彩色多普勒(CDFI) 超声可以较准确地对乳腺肿块作出诊断及鉴别诊断 ,具有较高的临床应用价值.

AIM To investigate the correlation between the peak velocities of mitral annuli during systole and diastole and the recovery of patients with rheumatic mitral stenoses (MS) after operation of mitral valve (MV) replacement. METHODSFortyfour patients with pure rheumatic MS undergoing MV replacement were divided into good recovery group and poor recovery group. Specimens of papillary muscles were collected during operations for pathological analyses. Vs, the mean of peak velocity of mitral annulus during ejection phase and Ve, the mean of peak velocity of mitral annulus during early diastolic phases were measured by Doppler tissue imaging (DTI) before and after MV replacement. All the measurements were compared between the two groups. RESULTSVs before and after MV replacement and Ve before MV replacement in the good recovery group were significantly larger than those in the poor recovery group. Ratio of fibrous tissue to myocardia was significantly larger in the poor recovery group compared with that in the fine recovery group. No statistical differences in other measurements was found between the two groups. CONCLUSIONAssociation between recovery and DTI measurements and between recovery and myocardial fibrosis are found, which suggests that velocities of mitral annulus measured by DTI can be used to estimate noninvasively the prognoses of patients undergoing MV replacements.

目的:应用组织速度成像(TVI)技术检测正常左室壁不同节段之间收缩、舒张峰值速率出现时间的差异,评价左室壁长轴方向运动的协调性。方法:健康者56例,根据二尖瓣口血流频谱分为A组(E/A>1)和B组(E/A<1),记录瓣环、基底、中部和心尖水平各室壁(后间隔、侧壁、下壁、前壁、后壁和前间隔)长轴方向TVI曲线,计算同一室壁相邻水平、同一水平相对室壁峰值速率出现时间差值的平均值ΔTs1、ΔTe1、ΔTa1和ΔTs2、ΔTe2、ΔTa2,以及所有节段峰值速率出现时间的标准差SDR-s、SDR-e、SDR-a,分别作为评价收缩期、舒张早期和房缩期室壁运动协调性的指标,分析各指标与年龄的相关性并比较A、B两组间的差异,各参数除以心动周期后再次比较分析。结果:反映舒张早期协调性的指标ΔTe1、ΔTe2、SDR-e和SDR-e/T、ΔTe1/T、ΔTe2/T分别与年龄显著正相关,且B组均显著大于A组;反映射血期和房缩期协调性的各指标与年龄无显著性相关。结论:舒张早期室壁协调性随年龄增长而降低,且舒张功能正常与下降组之间存在显著性差异,提示检测舒张早期的协调性可用于评价舒张功能的早期改变。

1 体检资料 2005年参加体检的团以上干部425名,男329名(77.4%);女96名(22.6%). 年龄32～82(平均48)岁.

0引言对2002/2004年在我校校直门诊部参加健康体检的干部进行心电图检查,并对心电图结果进行分析总结,以了解心血管病患病情况,为做好干部健康保健工作提供科学依据.

果糖二磷酸钠(FDP)为葡萄糖代谢过程中的中间产物,外源性的二磷酸果糖可作用于细胞膜.通过激活细胞膜上的果糖激酶,增加细胞膜内高能磷酸键和三磷酸腺苷的浓度,从而促进钾离子内流恢复细胞静息状态,增加红细胞内二磷酸腺苷的含量,抑制氧自由基和组织胺的释放.有益于休克,缺血,缺氧,组织损伤等状态下的细胞能量代谢和对葡萄糖的利用,起到促进修复,改善细胞代谢的作用.故临床常用于心肌缺血的辅助治疗.随着人们生活水平的提高,自我保健意识的加强,临床上应用也日渐增多.

1临床资料2003-08/2004-06对在门诊部参加健康体检的干部1805人,进行腹部超声检查,所用仪器为APOGEE800彩色电脑超声诊断仪,探头频率为2.5～3.5MHz,由具有丰富经验医生进行检查诊断.

1 临床资料 2004年度健康查体,参加体检男性504例,年龄36～90(中位年龄66)岁,体检要求空腹憋尿,膀胱充盈良好状态下,平卧位,彩色多普勒超声检查仪检查前列腺大小、形态,记录前列腺的大小及声图像表现. 结果输入干部健康体检管理系统,进行统计分析. 检出前列腺增生者162例,患病率32.1%;前列腺结石19例,患病率3.8%;前列腺囊肿21例,患病率4.2%. 未检出前列腺肿瘤. 各年龄段前列腺增生患病率见表1.

1 临床资料 西安市25～74岁银行职工818(男539,女279)名,分别占65.9%和34.1%. 60岁以上225人为离、退休职工. 空腹取静脉血采用标准化的血脂测定方法检测总胆固醇、三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(参考值1.14～1.68 mmol/L);用彩色多谱勒彩超探测肝脏. 全部由有丰富临床经验的医生和检验技师检测.

1 临床资料 患者,男,38岁.因心慌、气短、胸痛半年入院.查体: 血压正常,心率78次/min,胸骨旁闻及Ⅲ级收缩期杂音.X-线胸片示: 心影增大,左心饱满,肺淤血.心电图示: 窦性心率,ST-T呈缺血性改变.曾经外院超声检查怀疑扩张型心肌病.我院应用GE Vivid 7彩色多普勒成像仪检查示: 左房、左室显著增大,左室EF39%;心尖部、侧壁、后壁和部分前壁室壁变薄为2～6 mm,心内膜面可见无数突出的肌小梁回声,杂乱排列,其间可见大小不等的间隙,彩色多普勒见血流进入其间隙;病变累及心尖至基底水平;双侧乳头肌呈蜂窝状的疏松结构.CDFI示: 收缩期二尖瓣返流.超声诊断: 左室心肌致密化不全.临床诊断: 心肌致密化不全.

AIMTo detect the expression and status of extracellular regulatory kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and its upstream kinase MEK1/2 proteins in four breast cancer cell lines MCF-7, Bcap-37, SK-BR-3 and T47D and study the effects of cyclophosphamide and epirubicin on the growth of the cell lines and on the expression and status of the signaling molecules.METHODSWestern blot was used to examine the expression and status of MEK1/2 and ERK1/2 proteins in these cells and the effects of these two drugs on them. The effects of the two drugs on the proliferation of these breast cancer cell lines were detected by MTT colorimetry.RESULTSThe levels of expression and phosphorylation of MEK1/2 and ERK1/2 proteins in four breast cancer cell lines increased notably as compared with those in MCF-10 cells. Both drugs could inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells. And the levels of expression and phosphorylation of MEK1/2 and ERK1/2 proteins in breast cancer cell lines treated with the drugs were markedly lower than those in untreated breast cancer cells.CONCLUSIONOverexpression and phosphorylation of MEK and ERK may play an important role in the generation and development of human breast cancer. The inhibitory effect of cyclophosphamide and epirubicin on proliferation of the breast cancer cells may be by means of inhibiting expression and phosphorylation of MEK and ERK.