卒中相关性肺炎(stroke associated pneumonia,SAP)是指原无肺部感染的卒中患者罹患感染性肺实质(含肺泡壁即广义上的肺间质)炎症.卒中后肺炎的发生率为7％～22％,是卒中死亡的重要危险因素之一,并导致医疗费用的极剧增加[1-3].2003年Hilker等[4]首先提出了SAP的概念.为提高SAP的诊疗水平,我国于2010年发布了《卒中相关性肺炎诊治中国专家共识》[1].尽管目前西医诊治SAP已有规范的指南,但该病的控制在临床上仍有极大的困难,究其原因,主要与患者本身机体功能障碍、混合感染、耐药菌产生、不合理应用抗生素等有很大关系,这也为中医药在该病的治疗上发挥优势提供了契机.现就SAP的中医药治疗做如下综述.

目的:研究miR-218在上皮性卵巢癌组织中的表达水平及其与临床病理特征之间的相关性,并进一步探讨miR-218在卵巢上皮性癌细胞株HEY中的表达和生物学功能.方法:采用实时定量PCR法分别检测25例卵巢良性肿瘤、54例上皮性卵巢癌以及卵巢上皮性癌细胞株中的miR-218表达水平,并结合临床病理特征进行分析.采用ROC曲线评价miR-218作为上皮性卵巢癌诊断截断点的可能性.转染miR-218 mimics、miR-218 inhibitor后,采用MTT法检测改变miR-218的表达对卵巢癌细胞增殖的作用.结果:上皮性卵巢癌组织中miR-218表达水平显著高于良性肿瘤组织(P＜0.05).miR-218表达与卵巢癌患者的FIGO分期有关,晚期(Ⅲ、Ⅳ期)高于早期(Ⅰ、Ⅱ期)(P＜0.05);但与年龄、分化程度和淋巴结转移无关(P＞0.05).ROC曲线下面积为0.8054(95％ CI为0.7140 ～0.8968),最佳截断点为0.0085.上调miR-218的表达水平可促进卵巢上皮性癌细胞株HEY的增殖能力.结论:miR-218表达的上调可能与上皮性卵巢癌的发生及进展有关.

目的:探讨颅脑损伤急性期血瘀证与神经元损伤标志物的关系.方法:采用临床流行病学方法对76例颅脑损伤急性期患者进行证候调查、证候量化评分、损伤程度(GCS评分)分级,抽取外周血酶免法测定神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)的含量水平.结果:颅脑损伤急性期患者中医证型出现频次为气滞血瘀＞痰瘀交阻＞血瘀气虚＞瘀阻清窍＞规范外的其他证型＞肝肾亏虚;轻型患者中气滞血瘀证最为多见,中型患者中气滞血瘀、痰瘀交阻、血瘀气虚证较多,重型患者中痰瘀交阻、气滞血瘀、瘀阻清窍证位列前三;血瘀相关证型占84.21％.血瘀证患者的证候积分、NSE含量水平均高于非血瘀证患者,NSE含量水平有显著性差异(P＜0.05);重型患者的证候积分、NSE含量水平较轻、中型患者高,组间比较有显著性差异(P＜0.01);相关分析提示损伤程度与血瘀证证候积分、NSE含量水平呈正相关(P＜0.01).血瘀证不同证候类型的证候积分、NSE含量水平比较无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论:急性期颅脑损伤患者以血瘀实证为主.血瘀证证候积分越高,颅脑损伤病情越重,NSE含量水平越高.

[目的]分析颅脑损伤患者中医临床证型的分布特点.[方法]采用临床调查表对748例颅脑损伤患者进行证候调查,统计分析中医证型在年龄、性别、损伤程度(GCS评分)、病程分期的分布特点.[结果]气滞血瘀型为颅脑损伤最多见的证型,其次为痰瘀交阻、血瘀气虚、瘀阻清窍、肝肾亏虚和规范外的其他证型.实证相关证型的男性发病较虚证相关证型更高,虚实两类证型在性别比的构成上有显著性差异(P＜0.0l).气滞血瘀、痰瘀交阻、瘀阻清窍、血瘀气虚以及规范外的其他证型分布峰值在20～39岁年龄段,肝肾亏虚型则在≥60岁的年龄段多见;气滞血瘀型多见于急性期、轻型患者,瘀阻清窍多见于急性期、重型患者,血瘀气虚和肝肾亏虚型多见于恢复期、中重型患者,痰瘀交阻型则多见于恢复期、重型患者,证型在年龄、损伤程度、病情分期的分布差异有统计学意义(P＜0.0l).[结论]瘀阻清窍、气滞血瘀、痰瘀交阻等实证证型多见于青壮年男性患者,肝肾亏虚多见于老年患者.急性期颅脑损伤患者无论病情轻重均以实证为主,而恢复期中重型患者虚实夹杂、实多虚少.

Objective To investigate the biological function of microRNA-218(miR-218)in epithelial ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3.Methods Real time quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-218in epithelial ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3.The effects of miR-218on the proliferation,apoptosis,invasion and metastasis of epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines were observed by MTT,annexinⅤ-FITC/PI double staining and Transwell methods after exogenously increasing or decreasing the expression of miR-218in SKOV3 by transfecting miR-218 mimics or miR-218 inhibitor.Results miR-218enhanced cell proliferation of SKOV3(P0.05),but had no effect on cell apoptosis,invasion and metastasis(P0.05).Conclusion miR-218 may play a role in the cell proliferation in epithelial ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3.

Objective:To investigate the expression and clinical significance of Scinderin gene in epithelial ovarian cancer.Methods:The expression of Scinderin in 34 cases of epithelial ovarian Cancers,21 cases of benign ovarian epithelial tumors and 20 cases of normal ovarian tissues were examined by real-time PCR and Western blot.The correlation between the expression of Scinderin and clinicopathologic features was further analyzed.Results:Expression level of Scinderin in normal ovarian tissues and benign ovarian epithelial tumors were both significantly lower than in epithelial ovarian cancers (P<0.01).The expression of Scinderin has no significant difference in normal ovarian and benign ovarian epithelial tumors(P >0.05).The expression of Scinderin was correlation with histological grade and 1ymphatic metastasis(P<0.01,P<0.05),but not with age and FIGO stages(P>0.05).Conclusions:Expression level of Scinderin was significantly higher in epithelial ovarian cancer and has a significant correlation with the poor prognosis,so it could be a biological marker for ovarian cancer.