The production and stability of maize new hybrids,and the testing ability of experiment stations were studied,using 99 hybrids in 17 locations.The results showed that the hybrids ZD958,P335,Shen2152,M56/S121,06Guang14,Xun07-6 had excellent production and stability,and adapted to be planted in Huanghuaihai regions,and that the location Shanxi Yangling,Henan Xinzheng,Shandong Jining and Gaomi had excellent hybrid-testing ability and stability.This research could direct the work of maize hybrids yield experiment and seed popularization.

玉米株型育种涵盖了形态生理生态育种的各个方面,各种株型性状之间相互影响,并最终决定了产量的获得。近年来,人们对玉米的株型进行了大量的研究,针对紧凑型和耐密性的玉米育种研究方兴未艾。本文将回顾玉米株型育种方面的研究进展,包括株型育种的内涵,各种株型性状之间的相关,以及株型性状的遗传等内容。以期对玉米的株型育种提供借鉴和参考。

In order to understand the selection effects of maize hybrids with different trail designs,the contrast studies on the yield and plant-type appearances of maize hybrids were conducted in this article.The results demonstrated that the high significant correlation at 1%level existed between the variety trial and the single-plant trial,and that the plant-type appearances in the two environments were more consistent.Some harmful plant-type traits appeared amply in single-plant trial,so it was easier to choose elite hybrids and to eliminate worthless hybrids.Meanwhile,the yield appearance in identical trial had non-significant correlation with that in variety trial.Using single plant design for yield test of maize hybrids,the problem of disturbing from near lines each other could be resolved,and many experimental soils,workers and other pays could be saved.

The correlation between combinations and their parents,and the heterosis were studied as well as relationship between heterosis and correlation of parents and their combinations in this article.The results were that the most of planttype traits of F1 generation were highly correlated with their female parents,but lowly by their male par-ents.For some traits in which the heterosis was relatively high in F1 generation,such as plant height and leaf area,the relationship between F1 and their parents were not affected by the magnitude of heterosis.

The plant-type traits of 56 maize hybrids and 35 inbreds of their parents were analyzed in this article.The results showed that the correlation between plant-type and yield traits of maize hybrids is rarely significant,while that between different plant-type traits of maize inbreds is commonly significant.The cluster analysis of maize inbred plant-type traits could help finding the similarity of their morphological characters,so as to reflect their genetic variations.These results have somewhat directions for maize breeding.

The research on consistent of identical trail,variety comparative trial and regional trial was conducted in the study.The difference between results of identical trial and variety comparative trial were large.It was maybe related to the differences of design between the two trials.In the identical trial,the plot only had a single row of plants,and in the variety trail,the plot had multiple rows of plants.The aim of this article was to discover the problems existing in the yield trials for maize breeding.