Life awe has emerged as a construct of interest in adolescent research. Yet systematic evidence clarifying its relationship with internalizing and externalizing problems remains limited. This study used a longitudinal design to explore the relationship among life awe, internalizing, and externalizing problems. Data were drawn from 2,258 adolescents (aged 11 20 years; Mage = 14.57, SDage = 1.63; 40

While the gig economy has garnered significant attention, the systematic assessment and targeted prevention of mental health among gig workers remain underexplored. This study adapted a dual-factor model to examine the mental health of gig economy workers (N = 1,093) and its predictors. Specifically, we used latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify mental health profiles based on three key indicators: employee well-being, occupational belonging, and the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12). We explored the associations between these profiles and individual, microsystem, and macrosystem factors. LPA identified four latent profiles of dual-factor mental health, namely, complete mental health (20.8

Growth mindset and academic grit are crucial for adolescents' academic achievement. However, previous research that explored their relationship through variable-centered approaches cannot adequately address the group heterogeneity. This study addressed the issue by conducting latent profile analysis and social network analysis with a sample of 1171 Chinese adolescents, examining the different subgroups of the adolescents in terms of growth mindset and academic grit, and the distinct core characteristics of these subgroups. Latent profile analysis revealed four heterogeneous subgroups: (1) Fixed Vulnerability: (C1, 15.0%) with believing in difficulty changing intelligence and lack of grit; (2) Composite: (C2, 17.3%) with believing in difficulty changing intelligence but having strong grit; (3) Growth Grit: (C3, 22.1%) with believing in intelligence improvement through effort and having robust grit; and (4) Intermediate: (C4, 40.9%) with believing in intelligence improvement through effort and having moderate grit. Regression mixture modeling showed that older adolescents were more likely to fall into the Fixed Vulnerability subgroup. Social network analysis showed that subgroups C1 and C4 emphasized growth mindset, while C2 and C3 highlighted academic grit. The study indicates the heterogeneity in growth mindset and academic grit among Chinese adolescents, suggesting the need for educational practitioners to apply more targeted intervention measures for various subgroups.

Awe and prosocial behavior are two crucial indicators of human social development. Their association has garnered widespread attention from researchers. The prosocial effects of awe are supported by the social functionalist theory of emotion as well as the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. Numerous empirical studies have found a positive relationship between awe and prosocial behavior, demonstrating that awe can promote prosocial behavior. However, some contradictory evidence suggest that awe may not always enhance individuals' willingness to help, donate, or forgive others and may even diminish their prosocial tendencies. Such inconsistency may relate to factors such as the characteristics of awe, the attributes of prosocial behavior, cultural background, etc. Study 1 aimed to explore the correlation and causality between awe and prosocial behavior, along with their potential moderating variables. Furthermore, current studies primarily focus on either self-diminishment or self-transcendence, which can easily lead to the specious mediators problem. Study 2 built upon existing research to explore the mediating roles of self-diminishment and self-transcendence in the relationship between awe and prosocial behavior. A systematic literature review was conducted using multiple databases, including Web of Science, ProQuest, Science Direct, Google Scholar, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), CSTJD (China Science and Technology Journal Database), WFD (Wan Fang Data), and PsyArXiv (preprint platform). Data analyses were performed using the meta, metafor, and metaSEM packages in R 4.4.1. Three-level meta-analysis was performed to synthesize the effect sizes and conduct moderator analyses in Study 1. In Study 2, meta-analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM) was employed to synthesize previous mediation studies to explore the theoretical mechanisms underlying the prosocial effects of awe. Publication bias was assessed using Funnel Plots, Egger-MLMA regression tests, Trim and Fill, and Fail-Safe Number. Outlier and influence diagnostics were performed using SDR (studentized deleted residual), CD (Cook's distance), and DFBETAS. Through literature search and screening, a total of 110 articles were included in Study 1, comprising 221 udies and 620 effect sizes, with a total sample size of 2, 961, 227 participants. Study 2 identified 33 articles, which included 42 studies and 42 correlation matrices, involving 30, 045 participants. The results of two three-level meta-analyses indicated the correlation between awe and prosocial behavior was significantly positive (r = 0.37, 95% CI [0.33, 0.41]), and awe could positively predict prosocial behavior (g = 0.59, 95% CI [0.48, 0.69]). Moderator analyses revealed that awe has greater prosocial effect when the cultural background was collectivist, the valence was positive, the eliciting factor was social, and the type of prosocial behavior was not restricted to individuals. Meanwhile, the association between awe and prosocial behavior was not moderated by induction methods (e.g., recall, video, music, image, text, and real situations) and prosocial costs. The results of the meta-analytic structural equation modeling showed that awe leads to prosocial behavior via self-diminishment and self-transcendence (with mediation effects of 0.060 and 0.070, respectively, accounting for 18.2% and 21.2% of the total effect, respectively). However, the chained mediating effect was not significant. The study systematically examines the prosocial effects of awe and the conditions that facilitate it. It provides a theoretical foundation for enhancing prosocial behavior through an emotional lens and contributing to the vision of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind. Additionally, the findings support the psychological mechanisms of self-diminishment and self-transcendence, offering a systematic and integrated theoretical explanation for the prosocial effects of awe

Promoting teachers’ deep, sustainable well-being is vital for educational development, but the key emotional resources involved are still not well understood. Drawing on the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions, this study is the first to model how trait awe influences occupational well-being among primary and secondary school teachers. We conducted a cross-sectional survey with 1,037 teachers in China and used structural equation modeling for data analysis. Results showed that trait awe enhanced teachers’ well-being both directly and indirectly. The indirect effect was mediated by professional identity and work engagement, both independently and sequentially. These findings provide the first empirical evidence that cultivating trait awe can be a powerful lever for supporting teachers’ well-being and driving educational progress.

In the context of various risk factors that threaten adolescents' prosociality and well-being, life awe, which provides a broader perspective on life, may help to foster positive youth development. The current study aims to examine whether life awe is positively associated with adolescents' prosocial behavior and subjective well-being during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted two complementary studies to test our hypotheses using a mixed-methods approach. Study 1 analyzed 16,591 valid Weibo blogs from 12,498 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 20.69, SDage = 2.76; 74.08% female) posted in the COVID-19 pandemic (January 1, 2020-December 31, 2020). This study explored semantic associations among life awe, prosocial behavior, and subjective well-being in a real-world context. Study 2 involved two waves of longitudinal data from 2299 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 14.63, SDage = 1.62; 38.32% female) collected during the postpandemic period (October 2023-April 2024), providing longitudinal insights into these relationships. The results of two studies indicated that life awe was significantly and positively associated with adolescents' prosocial behavior and subjective well-being during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. By advancing empirical understanding of life awe, these findings suggest that life awe could serve as a novel target for interventions aimed at promoting positive youth development both during public crises such as pandemics and in everyday life.

The Academic Grit Scale (AGS) is a novel measure of academic-specific grit. However, its factor structure and measurement invariance have yet to be thoroughly supported. The present study tested the factor structure and measurement invariance of the AGS with a large sample of early adolescents (aged 9–14 years) from China (N = 1,894). The bifactor model showed that the AGS was predominately accounted for by the general factor rather than the domain-specific factors; the parallel model from the AGS’s one-factor model showed good fit indices; thus, the AGS should be described as a univocal solution and reported as the total score. Gender and grade measurement invariance were supported at a scalar level, warranting further mean difference comparisons. In addition, academic grit was significantly associated with positive academic emotions and academic achievement, yielding evidence of good criteria-related validity. The current study contributes additional evidence to the construct validity of the Chinese version of the AGS among middle- and upper-grade primary school students in China.

Although insomnia symptoms is a common public health issue, few studies pay attention to insomnia symptoms among emerging workers in the digital economy. In this study, a total of 1093 emerging workers were recruited. Latent profile analysis was used to investigate the heterogeneity profiles and the relationship between job characteristics and these profiles. Additionally, core symptoms of insomnia were explored through network analysis. Latent profile analysis identified four insomnia profiles: severe insomnia without daytime dysfunction (8.8%), good sleepers (39.6%), mild insomnia (41.7%), and moderate to severe insomnia (9.9%). Job characteristics (e.g. daily working duration, intensity, and performance measurement system) significantly affected the profiles. Network analysis revealed that four profiles had similar network structures, but the edge and strength were varied. The implication for preventing and intervening insomnia symptoms for emerging workers in the digital economy has been discussed.

The behavior of undergoing cosmetic surgery is a coping strategy for body-image threats and challenges. Self-objectification is associated with alienation and body image inflexibility, and all of these are associated with stronger cosmetic surgery considerations. This study evaluated the relationship between self-objectification and cosmetic surgery consideration, and whether this relationship was mediated by alienation and body image inflexibility. The participants were 650 Chinese female college students. Serial mediation analysis indicated that the relationship between self-objectification and cosmetic surgery consideration was significantly mediated by alienation followed by body image inflexibility. The total mediating effect value was 0.424, accounting for 57.5% of the total effects. These results suggest that reducing alienation and improving the flexibility of body image can reduce the influence of self-objectification on young women’s willingness to undergo cosmetic surgery. These findings provide a basis for intervening or preventing the self-objectified young women’s willingness for cosmetic surgery.

Aim: This study aims to explore the mediating role of emotional exhaustion and the moderating role of career calling in the linkage of surface acting and turnover intention among student nurses in the final clinical practicum.Background: Turnover rates are especially high for graduating nursing students. Surface acting is considered an important factor that affects this rate among nurses. However, little is known about the relationships between surface acting and turnover intentions among graduating nursing students in the final clinical practicum. Design: The current research is a cross-sectional study, and the data were collected from 8 January 2022-22 January 2022.Methods: A survey was completed by 275 graduating nursing students. This survey included Chinese translations of scales measuring surface acting, emotional exhaustion, career calling and turnover intentions. Results: Both surface acting (r = 0.47, p < 0.001) and emotional exhaustion (r = 0.59, p < 0.001) correlated positively with turnover intentions. Both surface acting (r = -0.41, p < 0.001) and emotional exhaustion (r = -0.62, p < 0.001) correlated negatively with career calling and career calling (r = -0.72, p < 0.001) correlated negatively with turnover intentions. The association between surface acting and turnover intention was mediated by emotional exhaustion. In addition, career calling moderated the relationship between surface acting and emotional exhaustion.Conclusions: Surface acting results in higher emotional exhaustion and higher turnover intention among grad-uating nursing students, which was more pronounced among nursing students with a lower sense of career calling.

整群抽取 1194 名大学生,通过双因子模型检验自我概念清晰性量表的项目表述效应.结果表明,SCCS存在的项目表述效应有统计学意义,忽略项目表述效应,会高估 SCCS的同质性系数,相对偏差达 33%,低估 SCCS与社会和个人取向自我价值感之间的相关,相对偏差均为 44%.项目表述效应对 SCCS 的信效度产生了实质性影响,使用该量表时应考虑采用双因子模型进行分析,控制项目表述效应.

The abbreviated version of Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ-A) has been widely used to assess worry. However, its measurement invariance has been not yet warranted. With a cross-sectional and a longitudinal sample of Chinese adolescents (N1 = 1,329, N2 = 408), this study examined age, gender, and longitudinal invariance of PSWQ-A. Results supported strict invariance, including configural, metric, scalar, and error level, across gender and age in the cross-sectional sample; strict longitudinal measurement invariance was also supported in the longitudinal sample. This study suggests the application of the PSWQ-A in measuring adolescent worry and a basis for comparisons of different populations and occasions for worry.

Background:Poor sleep quality is a prevalent health issue among adolescents, and few studies have examined the variables affecting adolescents' sleep quality from the perspective of the co-occurrence of sleep issues and anxiety disorders. Therefore, the current study investigated whether the cognitive model of generalized anxiety disorder applies to adolescents' sleep quality.Method:In Study 1, a total of 2042 adolescents were recruited and they completed questionnaires relating to worry, intolerance of uncertainty (IU), negative problem orientation (NPO), cognitive avoidance (CA), and sleep quality. In Study 2, a total of 379 adolescents participated in a six-month longitudinal survey to verify the model that was obtained in Study 1.Results:Study 1 showed the modified cognitive model of generalized anxiety disorder can be applied to adolescents' sleep quality. Specifically, IU was a higher-order vulnerability factor that directly affected worry, and indirectly fostered worry via NPO and CA, where worry only mediated the relationships between IU, NPO, and sleep quality. However, CA exerted no independent effect on worry or sleep quality beyond the influences of IU and NPO, therefore, it dropped out of the final model. Study 2 partially confirmed the above model again from the longitudinal perspective.Conclusion:The present study constructs a new model to explain adolescents' sleep quality, providing a foundation for future interventions.

Introduction:Though the important effect of cultural identity on subjective well-being is widely acknowledged, the details of how different cultures' unique features influence well-being remain to be revealed. To address this issue in the context of Chinese culture, the present study investigates whether and how the prominent features of Chinese culture-collectivism and red culture-shape Chinese people's subjective well-being.Methods:The Red Cultural Identity Scale, Subjective Well-Being Scale, Collectivism Scale, and Perspective-Taking Scale were used to assess 1,045 Chinese residents.Results:The results showed that red cultural identity positively predicted participants' subjective well-being through the mediated role of collectivism. Furthermore, perspective-taking was found to moderate the mediating effect of collectivism.Discussion:These results demonstrate that the way cultural identity predicts subjective well-being is highly correlated to specific cultural features, e.g., the opinion of values, which was significant in practice with a cross-cultural background.

Objective: The main purpose was to explore the latent profiles of sleep quality in Chinese adolescents, and analyze their associations with sleep belief, age and gender. Methods: A total of 1996 Chinese adolescents were recruited,and they completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale（PSQI） and a 16-item abbreviated version of the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale（DBAS-16）. The data was analyzed with the latent profile analysis. Results:（1）Four latent profiles of sleep quality among adolescents were found: good sleep group, daytime dysfunction group, moderate type group, insufficient and inefficient sleep group.（2） Adolescents with poor sleep beliefs had relatively poor levels of sleep quality; daytime dysfunction group and insufficient and inefficient sleep group were mostly younger adolescents; the daytime dysfunction group was mostly female adolescents. Conclusion: The sleep quality of adolescents has obvious classification characteristics. It provides an empirical basis for the prevention and intervention of adolescent sleep quality.

Background: The positive role of dispositional awe has been seen in personality and in health. However, its impact on self-worth and internal mechanisms have been unclear. Purposes: This study explored the relationship between dispositional awe and self-worth and the roles of self-concept clarity and the small self in this association. Methods: With a cluster sampling, a cross-sectional sample of 1888 Chinese undergraduates were recruited from Fuzhou, a southeast coastal city in the P.R.C. All the data were analyzed with Pearson’s correlations and the structural equation model (SEM) based on SPSS 25.0 and Mplus 8.1. Results: Dispositional awe was positively correlated with both personal-oriented and social-oriented self-worth (rs = 0.12, 0.27) and was also positively correlated with small self (r = 0.33) but negatively correlated with self-concept clarity (r = −0.18); in the full model, the direct effect of dispositional awe on society-oriented self-worth was 0.36 (75%); the indirect effects of small self and self-concept clarity were −0.09 (18.8%) and −0.01 (2.1%), respectively; and the chain indirect effect was −0.02 (4.2%). Similarly, the direct effect of dispositional awe on person-oriented self-worth was 0.50 (83.3%); the indirect effects of small self and self-concept clarity were −0.07 (11.7%) and −0.01 (1.7%), respectively; and the chain indirect effect was −0.02 (3.3%); all the indirect effects were suppressing effects, for they were contrary to the direct effects. Conclusion: This study suggested that dispositional awe could help people better understand themselves and enhance their sense of self-worth.

Negative problem orientation (NPO) has become an essential construct for comprehending social problem-solving deficits. However, the heterogeneity of NPO has not yet been explored. With a sample of Chinese adolescents (N = 2,174), four latent profiles were identified as lower NPO, moderate NPO, self-inefficacy and negative outcome expectancy (SI&NOE), and dysfunctional NPO. Compared to the lower NPO and moderate NPO, a greater percentage of boys in the SI&NOE and dysfunctional NPO profiles than were girls. In addition, lower grades and younger adolescents tended to engage in the moderate NPO and SI&NOE profiles. The dysfunctional NPO reported higher levels of worry, depressive symptoms, anxiety, and stress, and worse sleep quality than the other profiles. The implications of these findings are discussed herein.

心理健康教育课程是中小学心理健康教育的最主要途径之一.采用问卷调查法,以福建省740名心理老师为对象,调查中小学心理健康教育课程实施现状.结果表明,课程实施主要存在专业师资不足、课程开设随意性较大、缺乏统一的教材、教学过程中对学生情感关注不足、教研工作机制不完善等问题.未来应加强师资队伍建设,开全课程,开足课时,丰富教学方式与评价方法,为教师提供团体支持,积极推动专题化教研和培训,提高中小学心理教师的教学实践能力.

目的 探讨大学生体像烦恼与社交回避和社交焦虑的关系,及其在不同自我客体化类型中的差异性.方法 采用青少年体像烦恼问卷、社交回避及苦恼量表、自我客体化量表对296名大学生进行调查.结果 体像烦恼总分与社交回避、社交苦恼总分呈负相关,体像烦恼总分能够显著负向预测大学生社交回避和社交苦恼水平;尽管体像烦恼对外在自我客体化大学生的社交回避预测作用不显著,但多组结构方程模型检验结果表明,体像烦恼对社交回避和社交焦虑的预测效应在不同类型自我客体化大学生中具有效应等值性.结论 培养大学生正确的体像观,有利于减少体像烦恼,降低社交回避及苦恼水平,增强其人际交往能力.