目的 分析超声诊断对乳腺非肿块型病变的应用效果.方法 选取2018年1月-2020年10月期间,在我院接受治疗的乳腺非肿块型病变患者72例作为本次的研究对象,所有乳腺非肿块型病变患者均接受超声诊断,并将诊断结果 与病理结果 进行对比.结果 患者经过超声检查,恶性病变的患者占比为44.44％、良性病变的占比为55.56％,与病理检查的结果 对比,差异无统计学意义,P>0.05;将超声检查结果 与病理结果 对比,发现有65例患者的超声诊断结果 与病理结果 相同,超声诊断的准确率为90.28％.结论 乳腺非肿块型病变患者接受超声诊断,可以对病情进行准确的诊断.
目的:评价冠状动脉瘘临床诊断中,彩色多普勒超声心动图的应用效果.方法:以2017年2月—2018年4月为选取时间,对15例冠状动脉瘘患者予以彩色多普勒超声心动图检查.结果:冠状动脉瘘累及右冠状动脉10例,左冠状动脉5例;波及的冠状动脉均出现程度不同的扩张,内径在4～18.5毫米,平均内径(9.4±3.7)毫米;10例瘘口所在房室壁出现连续性中断情况,局部呈现为圆形或者不规则形无回声区域,瘘口内径在2～7毫米,平均为(4.2±1.3)毫米;8例瘘入右室患者引起右室扩大,肺动脉出现不同程度扩张,4例左室瘘导致左室扩大,2例肺动脉瘘出现肺动脉扩张,左房和左室增大.收缩期流速变低,瘘入左室呈现为单纯舒张期湍流频谱,流速在2.22～3.44m/s,平均为(2.63±0.58)m/s.结论:彩色多普勒超声心动图检查对冠状动脉瘘的诊断价值显著.
目的:应用彩色脉搏波技术(ultrafast pulse wave velocity,UFPWV)定量评价Graves病(Graves disease,GD)病人早期颈动脉结构和功能变化.方法:选取内-中膜厚度(intima-medium thickness,IMT)未增厚GD病人76例(GD组),同期健康体检成人76名作为对照组,测量2组受试者颈动脉IMT,采用UFPWV采集脉搏波传导速度,包括收缩期开始时脉搏波传导速度(beginning of systole,BS)和收缩期结束脉搏波传导速度(end of systole,ES),比较相关参数,分析BS、ES与IMT、甲状腺容积及血清甲状腺激素水平的相关性.结果:GD组颈总动脉IMT与对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),BS及ES均明显高于对照组(P<0.01).GD病人血管弹性参数BS、ES与甲状腺体积均无明显相关性(P>0.05),但均与IMT呈明显正相关关系(P<0.01),ES与游离三碘甲状原氨酸水平亦呈正相关关系(P<0.01).结论:UFPWV可发现GD病人颈动脉IMT增厚以前的早期弹性变化,可作为评价GD病人动脉弹性的新型有效手段.
Objective:This study aimed to explore the application value of the ultraphonic ultrafast pulse wave velocity (UFPWV) technique in the quantitative evaluation of the carotid vascular wall elasticity changes of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods:This retrospective study included the imaging data of 97 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in Anhui Province from July 2018 to March 2019 as the observation group. The cases consisted of 47 males and 50 females aged between 20 and 74 (46.6±9.3) years. In accordance with the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), the observation group was divided into carotid atherosclerotic plaque group(groups A), carotid IMT thickening group(group B), and IMT normal group(group C). Group C was divided further into lower extremity atherosclerotic plaque group(group C1) and lower extremity arteries without plaque group(group C2) on the basis of the lower extremity arteries with or without plaque. A total of 64 volunteers with normal blood glucose and IMT were selected as the control group. The control group included 25 males and 39 females aged between 20 and 74 (44.3±12.0). The pulse wave velocity (PWV) was acquired via the ultrafast pulse wave technique, which included the beginning and ending of the systole (BS and ES, respectively), and the differences between the parameters were analyzed.Results:In the observation group, the PWV-BS and the PWV-ES values were (9.51±1.25)and (10.79±1.64)m/s, respectively, in group A; (8.47±0.91) and (9.81±1.05) m/s, respectively, in group B; and (7.97±0.77) and (9.07±0.74) m/s, respectively, in group C. The PWV-BS and the PWV-ES values in the control group were (6.10±1.00) and 7.40±1.20 m/s, respectively. The results of carotid artery PWV-BS and PWV-ES in groups A, B, and C and the control group gradually decreased, and the differences were statistically significant (all P values<0.05). Within group C, the PWV-BS and the PWV-ES values were (7.83±0.85) and (8.82±0.59) m/s, respectively, in group C1 and (8.14±0.64) and (9.34±0. 79) m/s, respectively, in group C2. The PWV-ES in group C1 was significantly higher than that in group C2 ( t=3.402, P<0.01). By contrast, no statistical significance on the PWV-BS values existed between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The UFPWV technique can be used to evaluate the carotid elastic changes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus quantitatively and can assess the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with normal carotid artery morphology through the changes in PWV-ES values. This technique is significant for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
目的:探讨心肌致密化不全(noncompaction of ventricular myocardium,NVM)患者的超声心动图及临床特点,提高诊断意识及治疗水平。方法:回顾性分析26例NVM患者的超声心动图及临床表现。结果:26例NVM患者UCG检查均可见受累心腔内不同程度异常隆突、粗大的肌小梁和其间深陷的隐窝影像,临床特点为心力衰竭、心律失常及血栓形成,可在任何年龄发病,男性多见。结论:NVM临床病程迁延,临床表现各异,易造成误诊和漏诊,UCG是重要的诊断和筛查手段。
