Prediction and control of steel microstructure during and after the continuous casting process is an extremely important task for steel producers to make special steels with high quanlity.Continuous casting is a very complex process with series of parallel phenomena of heat and mass transfer,solidification and phase transformations.In the CAFE model,the cellular automation method was combined with heat transfer calculation during the continuous casting process.Simulations of solidification process of continuous cast round bloom were carried out with ProCAST software,and the simulation results are consistent with the measure surface temperature of continuous casting round bloom.Base on the CAFE method,3D-microstructure of continuous casting round was simulated during solidification process,and simulation results were evaluated from comparison between experimentally observed and simulated macrostructures of the round bloom.It was proved that the simulation result was consistent with industy experiment result.

The invention relates to an ultra-large rectangular ingot blank sloping casting combined manufacturing device and an ultra-large rectangular ingot blank sloping casting combined manufacturing method. The device comprises a rectangular casting mould, wherein the rectangular casting mould is tilted at an angle of 5 to 15 degrees to the horizontal plane along the length direction; the rectangular casting mould is a combined structure consisting of a forced cooling metal bottom plate, four side plates and a cover plate; a metal pipe frame is arranged in the forced cooling metal bottom plate; facing sand layers are hung on the forced cooling metal bottom plate, the cover plate and the inner side of each side plate; a riser is arranged at the highest position of the assembled rectangular casting mould; and a molten steel pouring device, into which molten steel is injected, is arranged on the rectangular casting mould. By the device, static pressure and an impact force of the molten steel on a cast are reduced; the cost of manufacturing the cast is reduced; the cast is modeled, assembled and disassembled simply and flexibly; a box can be opened when the box is hot; harmful substances such as impurities, gases and the like are aggregated to the riser on the inclined top easily and then are removed; the ingot blank can be directionally solidified; internal shrinkage of the cast is eliminated; sponginess of the cast is reduced; and the quality of the ingot blank is improved.

A tundish (100) with electromagnetic heating opening, which is formed to be able to adjust and control the temperature of the opening by assembling special electromagnetic heating apparatus in the bottom of the body (1); one or more electromagnetic heating opening (3) could be assembled as demand, to form a tundish (100) which could control the temperature of every opening (3) individually; said tundish (100) has good heating efficiency, could adjust and control the temperature of every casting flow individually, arriving at the best casting temperature and prevent the stock of the opening, and arriving at casting with low degree of superheat, improving the quality of casting blank; said tundish (100) could be widely used in continuous metal casting, specially in continuous metal blank casting with multi-flow, multi-flow and large cross-section, super large cross-section; it could work with accurate temperature controlling, high controllability and low cost; and it could improve production quality and reduce the cost obviously.

Temperature measurements have been carried out on a 17.5 ton experimental steel casting to determine the thermophysical properties of sand mold for heavy steel castings. The determined thermophysical data are used in the solidification simulation to predict shrinkage porosity in a 300 ton lower cross-head casting of rapid forging press. Results demonstrate that the thermal conductivity of sand mold is the minimum at 400 ℃, while the increase of the specific heat with temperature slows down after 600 ℃. Furthermore, the optimization of chill and padding design leads to desirable feeding which eliminates the shrinkage cavity and porosity of the lower cross-head casting.

<正>随着社会经济高度发展带给环境的压力不断增大,人类已经渐渐意识到社会发展对环境的影响,国际社会正采取积极行动,努力改善人类的生存环境。从《京都议定书》到《巴厘岛路线

L'invention porte sur un systeme pour le traitement semi-humide de scories de four, la recuperation de chaleur perdue et la generation d'energie, lequel systeme comprend un systeme de traitement de scories de four, un systeme de recuperation de chaleur perdue (300) et un systeme de generation d'energie par chaleur perdue (500). Le systeme de traitement de scories de four est un systeme de traitement semi-humide de scories de four (100), dans lequel systeme des scories de haut fourneau fondues (101) sont refroidies par un brouillard d'eau a haute pression, sont mecaniquement broyees par un dispositif de broyage (106), puis sont traitees en une matiere premiere pour produire du ciment. Le systeme de recuperation de chaleur perdue (300), dans des etages multiples, recupere et stocke une chaleur perdue produite dans le systeme de traitement semi-humide de scories de four (100). Le systeme de generation d'energie par chaleur perdue (500) genere de l'energie a partir d'une energie thermique stockee dans le systeme de stockage d'energie thermique a etages multiples. L'invention porte egalement sur un procede pour le traitement semi-humide des scories de four, la recuperation de la chaleur perdue et la generation d'energie.

With urban scale enlarging and rapid development of urbanization process,municipal domestic waste(MDW) treatment has become an noticeable problem.According to incomplete statistics,MDW shows sharp increase of 10% per year and 600 billion tons waste has accumulated in China,which occupies large space,contaminates the environment,and threatens health of people.In the paper,firstly,three main MDW treatment approach were compared(landfill,compost and incineration),and incineration was regarded as the most effective way because of remarkable reduction,complete treatment,little pollution as well as electricity generation.Secondly,main incinerators were compared,moreover,policies support and development of incineration were illustrated.At last,suitable suggestions were given,one was strengthen classified rejection and disposal of MDW in order to increase efficiency and security,the other was development of incineration technology with independent intellectual property rights so as to reduce investment,in this way,there was enormous room for MDW incineration.

The mould filling and solidification process of the casting of 80MN rapid forging press upper beam were simulated with MAGMA.The effect of gating system design,setting of feeder,position and the size of surface chill on the solidification defect was analyzed.Basing on these results,we have predicted the position of shrinkage and porosity in the casting,and have successfully optimized the casting technique of rapid forging press upper beam.