In order to explore the effects of different silicon fertilizers and their application rates on grain quality, Zhuang-xiangyou Baijin5,the main indica hybrid rice variety in Guangxi, was used as the test material in 2021,and the two-factor split-plot experiment was conducted.The main area of silicon fertilizer application rate was 4 levels: Si0（0 kg/hm~2）,Si1（90 kg/hm~2）,Si2（180 kg/hm~2） and Si3（270 kg/hm~2）,the silicon fertilizer varieties were the secondary area, including two silicon fertilizer varieties: Xianyinong（K1,SiO 2 ＞25%）and Guozhenggui（K2,SiO 2 ＞29%）.The results showed that the application of silicon fertilizer significantly improved the appearance and eating quality of Zhuangxiangyou Baijin5 grain, and its chalkiness rate and chalkiness degree decreased.The content of protein increased slightly; with the decrease of amylose content, the peak viscosity, trough viscosity, final viscosity, breakdown viscosity and setback viscosity in RVA spectrum of grain decreased, and the pasting temperature increased, but no significant influence on the processing quality.The effect was better when the amount of silicon fertilizer was low, and the suitable amount of silicon fertilizer for Zhuangxiangyou Baijin5 was 90 kg/hm~2（Guozhenggui）.

为明确施氮量和种植密度对优质稻稻米品质的影响，科学合理地调控氮肥和种植密度，改善稻米品质提供一定的理论实践、基础。本研究于2020年和2021年以广西主栽籼型三系杂交水稻品种壮香优白金5为材料进行大田试验，设置 90 kg N/ha（N1）、180 kg N/ha（N2）2个氮水平和27.2万穴/ha（PD1）、23.8万穴/ha （PD2）和20.6万穴/ha （PD3） 3个移栽密度，收获后测定稻米品质及RVA谱特征值。结果表明，施氮量显著或极显著影响稻米峰值粘度、崩解值、糊化温度、蛋白质和直链淀粉含量等品质性状，种植密度显著影响稻米峰值时间。高施氮量下，稻米蛋白质含量在2020年和2021年分别提高15.10%和16.67%，直链淀粉含量分别降低7.83%和9.31%，垩白率分别降低30.45%和24.26%，垩白度分别降低34.24%、25.88%。种植密度对稻米加工、外观、营养品质性状均没有明显影响。稻米RVA谱特征值受施氮量及施氮量与种植密度互作的共同影响，较高的施氮量和种植密度降低了峰值粘度、最低粘度、崩解值，增加了糊化温度、回复值，较高的种植密度增加了峰值时间。大部分RVA谱特征值与稻米直链淀粉和蛋白质含量呈显著或极显著相关。本研究结果说明试验条件下，壮香优白金5优质种植方案为20.6万穴/ha与180 kg N/ha的组合。

Sink capacity, nitrogen (N), and dry matter accumulation (DMA) all play essential roles in promoting high rice grain yield, but their relationship is unclear. Here, a field experiment was conducted from 2020 to 2021 with Zhuangxiangyou Baijin 5 as the test cultivar. Two rates of N (T1 = 90 kg ha−1 N and T2 = 180 kg ha−1 N) and three transplanting densities (272,000 hills ha−1 (M1), 238,000 hills ha−1 (M2), and 206,000 hills ha−1 (M3)) were used to investigate rice grain yield and corresponding yield attributes. The results showed significant differences in rice yield, sink capacity, N and DMA, and the leaf area index (LAI) at the heading stage among the different treatments. The results showed that the output of T2M1 was the highest in 2020, increasing by 16.6% compared with the lowest output, while the output of T2M2 was the highest in 2021, increasing by 11.9% compared with the lowest output. During 2020, the highest sink capacity, LAI at the heading stage, and maximum dry matter accumulation at the maturity stage of rice were recorded in T2M1, while the highest N accumulation was recorded in T2M2. Furthermore, the sink capacity, as well as levels of N and DMA, of rice in 2020 was higher in T2M2, and the LAI was higher in T2M1 at the heading stage. Correlation analyses showed that yield was significantly positively correlated with N and DMA. In addition, a significant positive correlation between sink capacity and DMA was observed during both years, while a significant positive correlation between sink capacity and N accumulation was observed in 2021. Thus, we conclude that a high sink capacity can increase rice yield by increasing N and DMA because a high sink capacity is the internal driving force of high rice grain yield. In conclusion, the T2M1 regimen is a promising approach for improving the grain yield of paddy rice.

以常规稻桂育7号、杂交稻特优玉3号、超级稻葛68优9938为参试材料,在广西宁明开展田间种植试验,考察上述3种不同类型水稻品种的秧苗素质,分蘖情况,叶龄、株高动态,不同生育期叶绿素含量及产量.试验表明,3个品种有效分蘖天数均在13天左右,功能叶叶绿素含量在分蘖期、孕穗期、抽穗期和灌浆期的动态均呈“降—升—降”趋势,抽穗期达到最高.

马铃薯是世界上第四大粮食作物,宜粮、宜菜、宜饲,在耕地面积减少和人口增加的矛盾不可逆转、传统粮食作物效益低微和面积产量严重下滑的情况下,大力发展马铃薯产业对保障粮食安全、促进农民增收、繁荣农村经济具有十分重要的战略意义.实地调查广西马铃薯面积、总产、单产、种植周期、示范效果、技术进步现状,从社会化服务体系、良种供应、防灾减灾、与省级间横向比较等方面分析存在的问题,根据广西的资源优势、发展空间、增产潜力、市场需求等方面发展潜力,提出建设两大基地、培育两大队伍、推动两大转变、开拓两大市场的发展对策,以及有关发展规划、政策配套、资金扶持、保障体系等方面的政策建议.旨为广西马铃薯产业发展提供参考依据.

稻田综合种养是我国重要的生态稻作模式,显著提高粮食产能,提高单位面积稻田经济效益,有效降低农药、 化肥使用量,进一步保障农产品安全,保护生态环境.广西稻田综合种养资源优异、 发展潜力大.建议强化农企配合、 部门联合、 资源整合、 技术融合、 农旅结合"五合"支撑,进一步做优做强做大广西稻田综合种养产业.

[Objective]In order to provide scientific basis for drip irrigation fertilization method in sweet-waxy maize, the research was conducted to analyze the effects of fertilizer application,application period and ratio on substance accumulation,yield and quality of sweet-waxy maize under the drip irrigation. [Method]Under field experiment, the different treatments of 50%-100% fertilizer compared to the contrast on the basis of NPK’s basic fertilizer:seeding fertilizer:jointing stage fertilizer:panicle fertilizer=3∶1∶3∶3,6∶1∶2∶1,3∶3∶2∶2,were set to determine the sweet-waxy maize yield,substance accumulation,soluble sugar,starch and protein. [Result]The results showed that drip irrigation fertilization (reducing by 10% -50% fertilizer compared to the contrast) had no obvious influence on ear length and plant height in sweet -waxy maize,but ear diameter,stem diameter and bald pointed length increased. Reduction drip irrigation fertilization treatment could significantly increase soluble sugar and starch of sweet-waxy maize. Moreover,the yield and fertilizer productivity were increased by 0.63%-1.40% and 12.67%-102.01%. Moreover, the 30%-40% reduction of fertilizer was the optimal strategy for improving sweet-waxy maize yield and quality under the drip irrigation. [Conclusion]Using drip irrigation in sweet-waxy maize, fertilizer would be reduced by 30%-40% compared to conventional fertilizer application. The drip irrigation not only could raise the yield, but also improve the quality in the field.

广西有着丰富的水资源,但水资源在时空和地域上分布不均,常常造成季节性干旱严重威胁农业生产。本文结合节水工程在广西示范点建设和技术推广中的应用,针对广西农业用水现状,分析农田节水技术在广西农业发展中的状况,提出推进广西农田节水工作的相应对策。

农作物水肥一体化技术是一种新型的高效节水节肥灌溉技术。本文对广西农作物水肥一体化技术的推广应用情况进行介绍,对其应用发展中的问题进行分析,指出基础研究薄弱、总体发展水平不高、财政投入不足、缺乏对现有资源的高效利用、水肥一体化技术设备研发和市场运作机制还不健全等一系列问题已成为制约广西农作物水肥一体化发展的瓶颈;并针对存在的问题提出进一步发展的对策及建议。

The analysis on the investigation into the status of Nitrate contained in parts of Guangxi vegetables and fruits showed that the application of chemical fertilizer was the main reason that affected Nitrate content in vegetables and fruits.Thus countermeasures that could decrease the amount of Nitrate content were put forwarded in this paper.

对广西存在的浅瘦型、潜育型、碳酸盐渍型和咸酸型中低产田综合改良的各项技术措施进行试验研究,结果表明,综合改良的各项技术措施有明显的增产和改土效果,以增施有机肥、秸秆还田、种植绿肥培肥土壤及诊断施肥技术是中低产田综合改良的共性技术,而针对性的技术措施有:对浅瘦田逐年加深耕层,提高其容纳水肥能力;对潜育型田开沟治潜,实施垄作栽培,半干旱式栽培,以改善耕层土壤生态环境;中和咸酸田土壤酸性,建立排灌系统,洗盐改土;对石灰性土壤实行水旱轮作,施用生理酸性肥料等.

s The current status and the development advantages as well as the existing issues of vegetable industry in Liujiang County are analyzed in this paper. Accordingly, the countermeasures for developing vegetable industry are put forward.

The medium and low yielding farming lands in Guangxi are divided into four kinds i.e.sallow and infertility, development, carbonate soaking and salty and acid according to the State Technical Specification of Differentiation and Amelioration for Medium and Low Yielding Farming Lands. In deal with the characters of different kinds farming land, with the comprehensive measures of engineering, biology, agronomy and chemistry, the blocks limiting yield increasing in the lands can be overcome or lightened and then raise fertility and yield of crops.