Flash smelting is a major process for copper pyrometallurgy,most of its reactions are completed in the reaction shaft.To study the flash smelting mechanism,is mainly focused on the suspensions smelting reaction process in the shaft.This article describes in details the experiment of sampling the high temperature reaction particles with the quick cooling method,particles are examined and analyzed allsidedly for the purpose of analyzing the suspensions smelting reaction process mechanism.Conclusions are made as follows:(1) To study the reaction process in the shaft,the quick cooling sampling method is feasible.(2) The particle distribution in the reaction shaft is uneven and the particles are relatively concentrated at the center of the shaft.(3) Oxidation of particles are quite uneven.(4) A great deal of free quartz flux are not consumed in the slagging reaction.(5) Strawberry or honeycomb-shaped particles,particles with holes and some laminar oxidation particles found under reflected light microscope,which are the potent evidences of the existence of the particle splitting.At the same time,the average diameter of the particles in the shaft is 7 times as that of the concentrate particles,which proves the existence of the particle collision and gathering.
在总结前人闪速熔炼反应模型——粒子分裂模型和两粒子碰撞模型的基础上，根据对金隆闪速炉反应塔工艺物料颗粒高温急冷试样的分析结果，通过从微粒运动学、两相流体力学以及统计分析和归纳等方面的论证，提出了闪速熔炼过程反应模型——粒子脉动碰撞模型（简称PPC Model），认为：在闪速炉反应塔不同高度上，精矿粒子的分裂和颗粒群内粒子脉动碰撞过程同时存在；精矿粒子脉动是粒子碰撞聚合主要原因；随着氧化反应的进行，在颗粒中心形成熔融硫化物和SO2气泡，颗粒外表面是多孔的氧化铁壳；熔融核中气相的生成促使粒子分裂和脉动，当地氧气浓度和温度越高，这一过程越强烈；反应塔中由于粒子的大小、粒子的成分、粒子的周围的氧气浓度和粒子温度的不同，导致各粒子之间的氧化程度差别极大；过氧化粒子在反应塔中下降时，它们彼此之间、或者与反应慢的欠氧化粒子相碰撞，聚合长大，同时过氧化颗粒被欠氧化粒子还原。
分析了铜精炼反射炉能源利用的特点,采用重油自动掺水技术、重油乳化、改进重油加热方式、双还原管喷油等技术措施,进行铜精炼反射炉的节能研究.
Reaction mechanism, processing and application of controlling cathodic potential electrowinning were studied. When the new technology was used in electrowinning processing, hydrogen and arsine were not evolved. Compared with various parameters of disconnected and continuous electrowinning, the cathodic potential electrowinning have many advantages, such as high current efficiency, high work efficiency, low energy consumption and strong impurity removal ability. Industrial application experiments indicate that the new technology can be controlled easily and operated simply and safely, and has extensive economic and social values.
