Following the publication of the above paper, it was drawn to the Editor's attention by a concerned reader that, for the MTT assay experiments shown in Fig. 2A on p. 1655, the GDC‑0152/ANGPTL2 panel appeared to overlap with the ANGPTL2 panel, albeit the panel had been rotated through 180°; moreover, the magnification of the right‑hand panel was very different, creating an impression that the ANGPTL2 panel showed more cells. Upon analyzing the data independently in the Editorial Office, it came to light that that certain of the flow cytometric data in Fig. 2B and the nuclear staining experiments in Fig. 2C were strikingly similar to data in other articles written by different authors at different research institutes that had already been accepted for publication elsewhere. Owing to the fact that the contentious data in the above article had already been published prior to its submission to International Journal of Oncology, the Editor has decided that this paper should be retracted from the Journal. The authors were asked for an explanation to account for these concerns, but the Editorial Office did not receive a reply. The Editor apologizes to the readership for any inconvenience caused. [International Journal of Oncology 46: 1651‑1658, 2015; DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.2872].

背景:半月板损伤对膝骨关节影响的研究多集中在胫股关节间室,国外有半月板外突与髌股关节骨关节炎相关性报道,但国内相关研究较少.目的:基于骨关节炎倡议数据库(OAI)的公开数据,以MRI半定量评分评价半月板外突与髌股关节骨关节炎的相关性.方法:数据库中选取在基线时有完整MRI膝骨关节炎评分以及其他临床信息完整的参与者共1109人作为研究对象.采用MRI膝骨关节炎评分系统对研究对象的半月板撕裂、浸渍、外突以及髌股关节软骨、骨髓病变进行评分,采用问卷等方法采集了参与者的性别、年龄、种族、体质量指数、膝关节受伤史、手术史等信息.使用Logistic回归分析确定半月板外突与髌股关节骨关节炎的关系.结果 与结论:①横断面研究显示,内、外侧半月板外突人群在内、外侧髌股关节中易发生软骨及全层软骨损伤和骨髓病变;②Logistics回归分析在调整混杂因素后(调整模型2),内侧半月板外突与内侧髌股关节任何软骨损伤[OR:2.4(95％CI:1.6,3.6)]、全层软骨损伤[OR:1.5(95％CI:1.0,2.1)]呈正相关,在未调整[OR:0.8(95％CI:0.6,1.1)]与调整混杂因素后[OR:1.3(95％CI:0.9,1.8)]内侧半月板外突与内侧髌股关节骨髓病变均无相关性;③在调整混杂因素后(调整模型2),外侧半月板外突与外侧髌股关节任何软骨损伤[OR:2.1(95％CI:1.0,4.5)]、全层软骨损伤[OR:2.3(95％CI:1.1,4.6)]呈正相关,在未调整混杂因素时[OR:1.7(95％CI:1.0,2.9)],外侧半月板外突与外侧髌股关节骨髓病变呈正相关,在调整混杂因素后[OR:1.1(95％CI:0.6,2.1)]两者无相关;④基于骨关节炎倡议数据库(OAI)的公开数据,分析结果显示美国人群中半月板外突与髌股关节软骨损伤呈正相关.

随着人们运动意识水平的增强和社会交通的快速发展,关节损伤患者的数量也大幅增加,而前交叉韧带(ACL)损伤是关节损伤中最常见的韧带损伤.目前治疗ACL损伤的标准手术方式是在关节镜下使用止血带进行前交叉韧带重建手术(ACLR),在ACLR中使用止血带可以减少患者出血,为术者提供一个清晰的手术视野,可为手术提供极大的便利,但止血带的使用并非没有弊端,在骨科快速康复趋势以及患者对术后康复要求提高的情况下,止血带使用所带来的并发症引起了越来越多的关注,为降低止血带并发症的发生,提高患者术后舒适度,加速康复进程,学者们不断探讨如何精准安全的使用止血带.本文为止血带在关节镜下ACLR术中的应用现状、利弊以及应用趋势等作一综述.

铁死亡是一种铁依赖性的新型细胞程序性死亡形式,其特征是细胞内致死水平活性氧簇(reactive oxygen species,ROS)以及脂质过氧化物(lipid peroxidation)累积.Erastin是一类经典的铁死亡诱导剂,能够作用于各种分子结构诱导铁死亡的发生,同时在抗肿瘤的应用方面展现广阔的前景.本篇文章对Erastin诱发铁死亡的机制及其抗肿瘤的临床应用情况进行综述.

Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is a common malignant bone tumor with poor prognosis. We previously reviewed that CD146 is correlated with multiple cancer progression, while its impact on OS is currently not systematically studied. Methods MG63 was transfected with lentivirus to express CD146 ectopically, and anti-CD146 neutralizing antibody ab75769 was used to inhibit 143B. Cyclic migration of MG63 and co-culture between MG63 and 143B were used to explore the role of OS malignancy in CD146 expression. The effect of OS cell medium (CM) on endothelium behaviors was assessed, and the expression changes of CD146 before and after co-culture of endothelium and OS were evaluated. Finally, the expression of CD146 in OS was detected under different culture conditions, including hyperoxia, low oxygen, high glucose and low glucose conditions. Results CD146 promoted the colony formation, migration, invasion and homotypic adhesion of OS cells, and reducing the concentration of soluble CD146 in the OS medium inhibited the proliferation, migration and lumen formation of the cultured endothelium. However, CD146 did not affect the adhesion between OS and endothelium, nor did co-culture of both sides affect the CD146 expression. Similarly, the proliferation, migration and CD146 expression of MG63 remained unchanged after many cycles of migration itself, as did its co-culture with 143B for expressing CD146. In addition, we also showed that high glucose promoted the expression of CD146 in OS, while hypoxia had the opposite effect. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that CD146 promotes OS progression by mediating pro-tumoral and angiogenic effects. Thus, CD146 could be a potential therapeutic target for OS, especially for OS patients with diabetes.

目的 对比分析关节镜下双后内入路胭窝囊肿全切术、关节镜内引流术和传统切开手术的治疗胭窝囊肿的效果.方法 将2017年11月至2019年11月我院收治的46例胭窝囊肿患者按手术方式分为关节镜下双后内入路组(A组)、关节镜内引流组(B组)和传统切开组(C组).A组患者12例,其中男7例,女5例;年龄47～79岁,平均(59.42±9.95)岁.B组患者15例,其中男3例,女12例;年龄16～74岁,平均(58.13±15.73).C组患者19例,其中男9例,女10例;年龄40～72岁,平均(56.00±8.52)岁.比较三组患者切口长度、术后住院天数、术后6个月膝关节功能Lysholm评分和Rauschning-Lindgren腘窝囊肿分级情况及末次随访的复发情况.结果 随访时间6～30个月,平均(19.65±6.60)个月.C组分别与A组、B组的切口长度、术后住院天数、术后6个月Rauschning-Lindgren分级和Lysholm评分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).末次随访时A组患者无复发,B组2例(13.3％)复发,C组5例(26.3％)复发,三组复发率比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 关节镜下手术治疗明显优于传统切开手术,关节镜双后内入路全切术较关节镜内引流手术更彻底切除囊肿,复发率更低.

[目的]介绍镜下双后内入路腘窝囊肿全切除术的手术技术和初步临床结果.[方法] 2017年11月～2019年11月,对12例腘窝囊肿患者采用关节镜双后内入路行囊肿全切术,建立后内侧标准入路,于后内侧标准入路的近端2～～3 cm处利用针刺定位方法建立后内侧高位入路.标准入路为观察入路,高位入路为操作入路.在后关节囊薄弱区或裂隙,探查囊肿.通过双后侧入路,使用刨削器打开囊壁,直视下完整切除囊肿内壁,当见脂肪组织时,停止操作.[结果]所有患者手术均顺利完成,无血管、神经损伤等并发症.Lysholm评分由术前的(69.75±8.37)分显著增加至术后6个月的(90.25±4.86)分,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).术后6个月,Rauschning-Lindgren分级为0级9例,Ⅰ级2例,Ⅱ级1例.至末次随访时,所用患者均无腘窝囊肿复发.[结论]关节镜下双后内入路腘窝囊肿全切术具有手术创伤小、恢复快的优点,短期内及可改善症状.

髌骨外侧高压征(ELPS)的治疗方法很多.膝关节镜下髌股外侧支持韧带松解是治疗ELPS最主要的方法,其能解除患者的疼痛,更好地恢复患者膝关节功能.其有效的主要治疗方法还包括髌骨内侧支持韧带紧缩术、经皮微创韧带松解术、单纯运动康复治疗以及中医针刀联合手法松解治疗.但目前对该种疾病的治疗方法还存在较多分歧,但所有方法的治疗理念主要为减轻髌骨与股骨外侧关节面的压力,以延缓髌骨外侧软骨的退变.而最有效的治疗方法的确定与软骨损伤可逆性的研究也是未来进一步需要探索的方向.

恶性纤维组织细胞瘤(MFH)被认为是一种具有组织学来源且分化方向尚未明确的未分化多形性肉瘤,好发于中老年人,但近年来其患者群体呈年轻化趋势.MFH主要好发于四肢、躯干、脏器及后腹腔等部位,多呈浸润性生长且术后复发率和转移率极高,患者预后多不良.目前,其常见的诊断方法有X线、超声、磁共振成像、CT、正电子发射计算机断层显像-CT等影像学检查方法,以及病理组织学检查、免疫组织化学标志物检测等,且常见的检查手段大多需要进行大量的鉴别诊断并结合临床表现才可对MFH进行明确诊断.随着分子生物学的不断发展,越来越多的基因被证实在肿瘤的发生、发展中起了至关重要的作用,未来其将为肿瘤的诊断与治疗提供新方向.

Benefit from the integration of therapeutic and diagnostic functions, theranostic nanoplatforms have attracted widespread attention in preclinical research. Herein, a biodegradable theranostics nanoplatform based on hollow mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (HMONs) is designed for highly efficient photoacoustic (PA) imaging guided chemo-photothermal therapy (PTT) of human osteosarcoma cancer. In this design, HMONs with intrinsic tumor microenvironment-responsive biodegradability were served as carrier for doxorubicin (DOX) loading. Then, biocompatible nanocomposites (CuS@BSA) with excellent photothermal conversion efficiency and inherent biocompatibility were prepared via a facile biomineralization strategy and are first decorated on the surface of HMONs through a GSH-sensitive disulfide bond (denoted as CuS@BSA-HMONs-DOX). The obtained CuS@BSA-HMONs provides a high DOX loading capacity of 42.9%. The fabricated theranostic nanosystems exhibit GSH-responsive breakage of the incorporated disulfide bonds in the framework of HMONs and the linker between HMONs and BSA, which leads to the release of loaded DOX and tumor-specific biodegradation. With the strong absorbance in near-infrared (NIR) region, CuS@BSA-HMONs-DOX nanoparticles show excellent diagnostic performance on the PA imaging modalities. Upon NIR laser irradiation, the introduction CuS endows the nanotheranostics have high photothermal conversion efficiency of 51.5% for hyperthermia. Also, the resulting CuS@BSA-HMONs-DOX exhibited pH-, NIR- and GSH-sensitive drug release, realizing synergistic chemo-phototherapy functions. Besides, the NIR laser-triggered mild hyperthermia can significantly enhance the cell uptake of nanoparticles. As validated by in vivo and in vitro assays, our CuS@BSA-HMONs-DOX can effectively delivers drug to tumor sites/cancer cells and induce the mild hyperthermia, resulting in an enhanced suppression of tumor growth. Combined with the excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, the presented "all-in-one" nanotheranostics may provide an innovative paradigm for imaging guided and synergistic treatments.

Protein-based nanocarriers with inherent biocompatibility have been widely served as building blocks to construct versatile therapeutic nanoplatforms. Herein, bovine serum albumin-iridium oxide nanoparticles (denoted BSA-IrO2 NPs) are successfully synthesized via one-step biomineralization approach. The BSA-IrO2 NPs exhibits uniform size (40 nm), superb biocompatibility and high drug loading capacity for doxorubicin (27.4 wt%). Under near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation, the as-prepared BSA-IrO2 NPs exhibited high photothermal conversion ability (54.3%) and good photostability. The in vitro drug release experiments displayed pH and NIR laser -triggered DOX release profiles, which could enhance the therapeutic anticancer effect. By utilizing this DOX loaded nanoplatform, effective synergistic chemo-photothermal therapy against human osteosarcoma can be realized, which has been systematically verified both in vitro and in vivo. Notably, in vivo pharmacokinetics studies showed that BSA-IrO2@DOX had prolonged blood circulation time due to the BSA component can improve the stealthiness of the nanoparticles during the blood circulation. Meanwhile, in vitro and in vivo toxicity studies demonstrated that the BSA-IrO2 NPs can act as biocompatible agents for drug delivery and cancer therapy. Therefore, this work presents a biomineralized iridium-based NPs with remarkable features and be used as a very potential therapeutic nanoplatform for cancer treatment.

骨肉瘤是一类源于间叶组织的原发性恶性肿瘤,发病率较高,主要发生在儿童及青少年人群中,目前主流治疗方式为手术切除配合新辅助化疗,然而对于肿瘤的转移及复发问题仍没有明显有效的治疗方案.骨肉瘤的发生发展与微RNA对基因的调控作用密切相关,微RNA可以通过与目标信使RNA的3′或5′端非编码区完全或不完全结合来调控信使RNA的翻译进程,从而参与骨肉瘤的生理病理改变,故研究微RNA与骨肉瘤之间的关系具有重要意义.

Anti-angiogenic therapies demonstrate anti-tumor effects by decreasing blood supply to tumors and inhibiting tumor growth. However, anti-angiogenic therapy may leads to changes in tumor microenvironment and increased invasiveness of tumor cells, which in turn promotes distant metastasis and increased drug resistance. The CO-IP assays, N-STORM and cytoskeleton analysis were used to confirm the mechanism that p-VEGFR2/VE-cadherin/β-catenin/actin complex regulates vascular remodeling and improves the tumor microenvironment. 6-gingerol (6G), the major bioactive component in ginger, stabilized this complex by enhancing the binding of VEGFa to VEGFR2 with non-pathway dependent. Biacore, pull down and molecular docking were employed to confirm the interaction between 6G and VEGFR2 and enhancement of VEGFa binding to VEGFR2. Here, we report that microvascular structural entropy (MSE) may be a prognostic factor in several tumor types and have potential as a biomarker in the clinic. 6G regulates the structural organization of the microvascular bed to decrease MSE via the p-VEGFR2/VE-cadherin/β-catenin/actin complex and inhibit tumor progression. 6G promotes the normalization of tumor vessels, improves the tumor microenvironment and decreases MSE, facilitating the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents into the tumor core and thereby reducing tumor growth and metastasis. This study demonstrated the importance of vascular normalization in tumor therapy and elucidated the mechanism of action of ginger, a medicinal compound that has been used in China since ancient times.

目的 探讨miR-188在脆性骨折患者骨组织和血液中的表达,并研究miR-188对人成骨细胞及骨折愈合的影响.方法 应用实时定量聚合酶链式反应(qRT-PCR)检测脆性骨折患者骨组织和非脆性骨折患者中miR-188的表达水平,并检测脆性骨折患者接受治疗过程中血液miR-188的表达变化.应用CCK-8和MTT实验检测miR-188对人成骨细胞活性和增殖能力的影响.应用TUNEL染色检测miR-188对成骨细胞凋亡的影响,并用qRT-PCR探究miR-188对成骨细胞凋亡相关基因的影响.应用qRT-PCR检测miR-188对成骨细胞骨形成相关基因I型胶原蛋白(collagen-1)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和骨形成蛋白4(BMP4)表达的影响.结果 qRT-PCR实验结果证明,miR-188在脆性骨折患者的骨组织和血液中的表达显著升高,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).此外,在脆性骨折患者接受治疗过程中,miR-188的表达逐渐降低. CCK-8实验表明,miR-188能够显著降低成骨细胞活性. MTT实验结果显示,过表达miR-188能够抑制成骨细胞增殖. TUNEL染色显示,转染miR-188能够促进成骨细胞发生凋亡.此外,qRT-PCR结果显示,miR-188能够增加促凋亡基因Bax的表达,而降低抑凋亡基因Bcl2的表达. qRT-PCR结果表明,miR-188能够减少成骨细胞骨形成相关基因collagen-1,ALP和BMP4的表达.结论 miR-188在脆性骨折患者的骨组织和血液中的表达显著升高,且miR-188能够调控成骨细胞活性、增殖、凋亡及骨形成,进而参与骨折愈合过程.

Soft tissue sarcomas are a highly heterogeneous group of malignant tumors that originate from mesenchymal tissues.They have a large variety in histological subtypes and ambiguous clinical and histopathological characteristics,which lead to great challenges in their diagnosis and therapy.One important clinical challenge is a lack of useful biomarkers.Identification of the biomarkers that can be used to detect tumor responses to chemotherapy or radiotherapy may provide more effective clinical management approaches for clinicians.One potential solution is based on the research on microRNA in soft tissue sarcomas.The evidence of microRNA in tumor tissues and circulating microRNA in patients' serum promotes the potential application of microRNA as a clinical biomarker,giving us new hope for curing soft tissue sarcoma.

In this study, in vitro (21 kinds of cell lines) and in vivo (four kinds of tumor-bearing mouse models) experiments were performedto determine the anticancer effect of doxycycline. This drug may elicit a strong inhibitory effect on cancer cells and improve thesurvival condition of mice. This study also preliminarily investigated the inhibitory effect of doxycycline on different kinds oftumor cells.

Objective To detect the expression of cancer∕ testis antigen related genes in malignant fibrous histiocytoma and to investigate the possibility of applying the antigens as the target antigens for malignant fibrous histiocytoma specific im-munotherapy. Methods Tumor tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues were collected in 27 patients diagnosed as malignant fibrous histiocytoma and received operation from April,2010 to January,2015. Among them,there were 17 male and 10 female with the average age(58. 7 ± 13. 5)years old(31 ~ 83 years old). According to staging,5 cases were staged in Ⅰ,7 in Ⅱ,11 in Ⅲ,4 in Ⅳ;14 cases were of pleomorphic,8 cases of giant cell and 5 cases of inflammatory out of 27 cases. Reverse-tran-scription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was adopted to investigate the expression of cancer-testis antigen related genes (WT1,MPP11,PRAME,RHAMM,NY-CO-38,G250,NY-ESO-1,HTERT,BAGE)of the tumor tissues and adjacent noncan-cerous tissues. Results The expression rates of cancer-testis antigen related genes in the 27 cases of malignant fibrous histio-cytoma were WT1 77. 8%(21 ∕ 27),MPP11 74. 1%(20 ∕ 27),PRAME 63. 0%(17 ∕ 27),RHAMM 59. 3%(16 ∕ 27),NY-CO-38 51. 9%(14 ∕ 27),G250 44. 4%(12 ∕ 27),NY-ESO-1 44. 4%(12 ∕ 27),HTERT 40. 7%(11 ∕ 27),BAGE 14. 8%(4 ∕27)respectively;almost none of the adjacent noncancerous tissues were positive for these genes. There was no significant corre-lation(P ﹥ 0. 05)between cancer-testis antigen related genes WT1 with the highest expression rate in malignant fibrous histio-cytoma and clinical correlation index(gender,age,histologic subtypes,clinical stages). Conclusion The cancer-testis antigen related genes(WT1 et al)which represent high expression in malignant fibrous histiocytoma are suitable and potential attack target for the active immunotherapy of malignant fibrous histiocytoma.

肿瘤微环境的细胞类型主要包括成纤维细胞,内皮细胞及浸润性免疫细胞,这些细胞都与肿瘤细胞相联系.它们可以通过改变microRNA的表达促进肿瘤的演进.microRNA参与肿瘤微环境诸多因素的调控,而微环境变化对肿瘤的发展起着重要的作用.研究microRNA在肿瘤及肿瘤微环境中的复杂作用有助于理解肿瘤的发展过程及为肿瘤疾病的诊断和预后提供新的思路.

Apigenin is a naturally occurring compound with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. In this study, we investigated the effects of apigenin on migration and metastasis in experimental human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Apigenin dose-dependently inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion by PLC and Bel-7402 human HCC cells. It also suppressed tumor growth in PLC cell xenografts without altering body weight, thereby prolonging survival. Apigenin reduced Snai1 and NF-κB expression, reversed increases in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker levels, increased cellular adhesion, regulated actin polymerization and cell migration, and inhibited invasion and migration by HCC cells. Apigenin may therefore inhibit EMT by inhibiting the NF-κB/Snail pathway in human HCC.

Objective To explore the type I collagen-transforming growth factor-β1 (Transform growth factor of TGF-β1)-fibrin glue composite repair rabbit meniscus injury effect of avascular zone.Methods Healthy New Zealand white rabbits 60,the first unified damage model avascular zone in rabbits meniscus.Randomly divided into control group,TGF-β1 group,type I collagen-the fibrin glue group,and collagen type I-TGF-β1 in-fiber protein glue group.Con-trol group did not deal with.Type I collagen fibrin glue complex,type-TGF-collagen I beta 1-fibrin glue composite ma-terial one-time injection gap,to the filler and the surface of the meniscus so far;TGF-beta 1 group of joint cavity for three weeks of continuous injection.2 weeks,4 weeks,12 weeks after surgery,respectively,were sacrificed animals, mainly for the observation of gross morphology and histological examination.Results Morphologically,the morphology of the meniscus of New Zealand white rabbits was smaller,and the color of New Zealand white rabbits was slightly yellow,and the texture was hard and brittle.Histological examination,B group of avascular area damage healing without obvious effect,only the synovial membrane at the edge of the meniscus into fiber cells have a significant role in promoting;meniscus wound in group C compared with preoperative small surface is slightly concave,healing tissue and adjacent meniscus tissue closely;group D meniscus showed fibrous cartilage healing,but partially healed with normal meniscus still has the differ-ence.A,B,C group,in 4 weeks,12 weeks,compared with the D group,the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Collagen type I-TGF-β1 in-fibrin glue composite materials for the treatment of meniscus injury in the non blood circulation area is a reliable treatment method for the treatment of meniscus injury.