目的 了解扬州市登革热蚊媒密度及分布情况,探讨诱蚊诱卵器法与布雷图指数法监测效果,为登革热的防制提供科学依据.方法 在城区和农村地区的不同环境,每25～30 m布放1个诱蚊诱卵器,收集捕获的成蚊和蚊幼虫;同时检查并记录布放点周围室内外所有积水容器中伊蚊幼虫孳生情况和周围的成蚊,并对其进行收集和种类鉴定,计算布雷图指数.结果 在城区和农村地区不同类型外环境中分别布放诱蚊诱卵器150个和50个,有效回收137个和50个,阳性诱蚊诱卵器数分别为4个和3个,诱蚊诱卵器指数为2.92和6.00;调查城区和农村不同环境105户和50户的蚊虫孳生容器,伊蚊阳性容器数分别为11个和8个,布雷图指数分别为10.48和16.00;布雷图指数高于诱蚊诱卵器指数,且差异有统计学意义(x2=8.840,P=0.003).结论 在城区或是农村地区,5＜布雷图指数＜20,处于相对安全状态;在登革热媒介监测中,诱蚊诱卵器法与布雷图指数法监测结果存在差异.

Objective To investigate the genetic characteristics of hepatitis E virus in Yangzhou City. Methods The pig liver and the serum samples of patients with positive anti-HEV IgM were collected and detected for HEV RNA by using real-time PCR. The HEV RNA ORF2 PCR products were obtained by nested RT-PCR and sequenced for polygenetic analysis. The nucleotide identity between sequences was calculated and sequence alignments were made to generate distance matrix and phylogenetic trees using DNAStar MegAlign. Results Six HEV strains were isolated,genotype IV RNA was noted,and their HEV ORF2 sequences were amplified. Within these six isolates,the nucleotide identity of HEV ORF2genes ranged from 89. 9 %-99. 3%. The nucleotide identity between these 6 isolates and the genotype-IV and other genotype reference strains from GenBank were 85. 8%-94. 6% and 79. 1%-89. 2% respectively. Polygenetic analysis revealed that these six isolates scattered in three sublineage. The sequence distance from the 6 isolates to genotype Ⅱ and Ⅲ was longer than that from the 6 isolates to genotype Ⅰ. Conclusions The HEV isolates from human and swine in Yangzhou share a high homology of nucleotide. Swine can be taken as a principal reservoir of hepatitis E virus that infects humans.

目的 探讨某部队机关幼托儿童手足口病(HFMD)发病的流行病学特征,为完善预防措施提供依据.方法 对2010-2012年某部队机关幼托儿童手足口病个案、病原学监测数据进行描述性流行病学分析.结果 2010-2012年该幼托机构共报告HFMD病例188例,5、6、9月份高发,罹患率男童高于女童.结论 幼托机构是HFMD防控的重点场所,早发现、早隔离、加强健康教育是防控HFMD流行的有效措施.

目的掌握城市商业中心蟑螂的侵害状况,探索有效的防控措施。方法密度调查采用粘捕法(1),侵害率调查采用粘捕法加药物刺激;虫害控制采用超低容量药物喷雾和胶饵布放相结合的方法。结果在占地2.3万m2,建筑面积6.9万m2的商业中心布放粘蟑板460张,捕获154只德国小蠊;平均密度为0.33只/张。受侵害程度依次为火锅业(62.2%)﹥中式餐饮业(57.3%)﹥西(快)餐业(52.3%)﹥娱乐中心(41.8%)﹥休闲会所(31.2%)﹥商业超市(11.9%)﹥百货业(5.1%)﹥书店(1.8%)。灭前蟑螂平均密度为0.33只/张;第1次和第2次灭后平均密度分别为0.015只/盒.夜和0.004只/盒.夜;二次后灭蟑效果为98.7%。结论城市商业中心蟑螂侵害已经比较严重,经综合防治后可在较长时间内控制蟑螂的密度,灭蟑效果显著。

<正>肾综合征出血热(HFRS)是一种由鼠类传播的严重危害人民群众身体健康和生命安全的自然疫源性疾病,我市肾综合征出血热的发病率一直较高。为了解我市出血热的发病情况和流行特征,为今后出血热防治工作提供科学依据,特对2009年1月1日至2011年12月31日流行性出血热疫情分析如下。

目的通过一起狂犬病典型案例的流行病学调查,探讨疫情发生的原因,为制定防制措施提供客观依据。方法采用现场流行病学调查方法对安丘市2010年发生的一起狂犬病疫情进行调查分析。结果安丘市发生的狂犬病疫情是由于犬类动物免疫和管理措施不到位,造成传染源的存在;由于患者个人防病意识差,乡村医师处置措施不规范,超范围执业,违规购进和使用狂犬病疫苗,导致免疫失败。结论建议加强综合防控措施的落实,加强犬类动物管理,加强社会人群健康教育力度,规范狂犬病暴露处置门诊建设与管理,规范狂犬病疫苗及被动免疫制剂市场管理,规范基层医疗卫生机构建设与管理。

<正>胃幽门螺旋杆菌(HP)是一种严重影响公众健康的细菌,具有很强的活性与繁殖能力。它是引起慢性胃炎、消化性溃疡的主要病原菌,也是引发胃癌的危险因子,因此HP的及时检出和正确治疗至关重要。本文对南京地区948例门诊病人进行HP检测,现将结果分析如下。

Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of measles in Anqiu from 2005 to 2009 and provide a scientific basis for controlling.Method Analyzing of the information of diseases reporting system and immunization programs against measles epidemic monitoring information system from 2005 to 2009 in Anqiu.Results 51 cases of measles in Anqiu from 2005-2009 were reported.The average incidence rate of these years was at 1.12/100000.In 2008 the incidence rate was at its highest point,being 5.09/100000 and presenting a distributed state.The incidence in urban area and urban fringe was higher and the incidence was at its peak from march to may.The youngest child catching this disease was 4 months old and the oldest was 47 years old.School-age children and the adults over the age of 20 belonged to the group of high incidence.Conclusions The management of immunization planning of the urban of the mobility and the urban fringe should be strengthened.The replanting of vaccines and the examination of vaccination certification of nursery school children and school children are two effective measures for reducing the incidence of measles in Anqiu.

Objective Through a typical case investigation and analysis to explore the incidence of brucellosis in the low or no-risk areas,the reasons for the outbreak and epidemiological characteristics,in order to develop and provide scientific basis for prevention and control measures By making a typical case study and an analysis,the reasons for the outbreak of brucellosis in low or no-risk areas as well as the epidemiological characteristics are explored and a scientific basis for the prevention and controlling measures is provided.Method The outbreak of brucellosis in Anqiuin in 2008 was investigated and analyzed by employing the field epidemiological survey method.Results The outbreak of brucellosis in Anqiuis was due to the existence of the source of infection caused by the ineffective system of quarantine,surveillance,immunization.The unawareness of occupational disease prevention and bad health habits also lead to the outbreak of human brucellosis.The 724 susceptible animal specimens from the village where brucellosis occurs and the surrounding villages were collected.Among these specimens there were 13 tiger plate agglutination tests and tube agglutination tests presenting positive states.Among the 8 specimens from those who were in close contact with the patient,one tiger plate agglutination and tube agglutination test was weakly positive.Conclusions A comprehensive controlling measure should be put into effect and the management of susceptible animals should be strengthened in low-or no-risk areas.Besides these,the efforts of educating the occupational groups should be made and the personal protection should be paid attention to.

为了提高结核病人的发现率,我市于2005年年底开展了全市农村人口的线索调查工作,调查显示,我市结核病患病率占38.02/10万。本文将对调查工作存在的问题加以分析并提出合理的建议。