Background: Malignant bone tumors usually occur in young people and have a high mortality and disability rate. Surgical excision commonly results in residual bone tumor cells and large bone defects, and conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy may cause significant side effects. In this study, a bifunctional Bi-BG scaffold for near-infrared (NIR)-activated photothermal ablation of bone tumors and enhanced bone defect regeneration is fabricated. Methods: In this study, we prepared the Bi-BG scaffold by in-situ generation of NIR-absorbing Bi coating on the surface of a 3D-printing bioactive glass (BG) scaffold. SEM was used to analyze the morphological changes of the scaffolds. In addition, the temperature variation was imaged and recorded under 808 nm NIR laser irradiation in real time by an infrared thermal imaging system. Then, the proliferation of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) and Saos-2 on the scaffolds was examined by CCK-8 assay. ALP activity assay and RT-PCR were performed to test the osteogenic capacity. For in vivo experiments, the nude rat tumor-forming and rat calvarial defect models were established. At 8 weeks after surgery, micro-CT, and histological staining were performed on harvested calvarial samples. Results: The Bi-BG scaffolds have outstanding photothermal performance under the irradiation of 808 nm NIR at different power densities, while no photothermal effects are observed for pure BG scaffolds. The photothermal temperature of the Bi-BG scaffold can be effectively regulated in the range 26–100°C by controlling the NIR power density and irradiation duration. Bi-BG scaffolds not only significantly induces more than 95% of osteosarcoma cell death (Saos-2) in vitro, but also effectively inhibit the growth of bone tumors in vivo. Furthermore, they exhibit excellent capability in promoting osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs and finally enhance new bone formation in the calvarial defects of rats. Conclusion: The Bi-BG scaffolds have bifunctional properties of photothermal antitumor therapy and bone regeneration, which offers an effective method to ablate malignant bone tumors based on photothermal effect.

Objective: We discussed the accuracy and reliability of computed tomography perfusion (CTP) before and after revascularization in ischemic cerebrovascular disease (ICVD). Method: Siemens Somatom Sensation 64 CT Scanner was used to collect the images of CTP before and after revascularization in 30 cases of ICVD using our method for delineating region of interest (ROI); the results were interpreted using our method of CTP parameter evaluation alongside statistical analysis of the changes before and after surgery. Results: ROI was delineated for each case, and CTP parameters were detected semi-quantitatively before and after surgery. The CTP imaging coincided with the changes of clinical symptoms before and after surgery. Conclusion: CTP evaluation of cerebral blood flow provides important indications for cerebral revascularization in ICVD. CTP has a high value for outcome evaluation after revascularization for ICVD. An accurate delineation of ROI is a guarantee of accurate CTP. The CTP parameters can be evaluated based on the relative value between the affected side and the healthy side.

The development of biomaterials with high osteogenic ability for fast osteointegration with a host bone is of great interest. In this study, pearl/CaSO4 composite scaffolds were fabricated using three-dimensional (3D) printing, followed by a hydration process. The pearl/CaSO4 scaffolds showed uniform interconnected macropores (similar to 400 mm), high porosity (B60%), and enhanced compressive strength. With CaSO4 scaffolds as a control, the biological properties of the pearl/CaSO4 scaffolds were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that the pearl/CaSO4 scaffolds possessed a good apatite-forming ability and stimulated the proliferation and differentiation of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs), as well as giving a better expression of related osteogenic genes. Importantly, micro-computed tomography and histology of the critical-sized rabbit femoral condyle defects implanted with the scaffolds illustrated the osteogenic capacity of the pearl/CaSO4 scaffolds. New bone was observed within 8 weeks. The bone-implant contact index was significantly higher for the pearl/CaSO4 scaffolds implant than for the CaSO4 scaffolds implant, indicating that the pearl/CaSO4 scaffolds would be promising implants for bone regeneration.

Nanofiber mats have been widely applied in various biomedical fields such as drug delivery, tissue repair and wound dressing. In this study, the curcumin-loaded mesoporous silica incorporated nanofiber mats were prepared using blend electrospinning of curcumin-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (CCM-MSNs) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) for hemostasis. The prepared mats were then evaluated to determine their structure, biocompatibility and antibacterial activity, especially focusing on the hemostatic effect using an in vivo liver injury model. The results showed that CCM-MSN loading ratios less than 8 wt% could be homogeneously dispersed in the PVP electrospun nanofibers. The in vitro studies demonstrated that the hybrid nanofiber mats had no obvious toxic effect on the growth of L929 cells. The hybrid nanofiber mats also exhibited enhanced in vitro antibacterial effects against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The antibacterial effect of the hybrid nanofiber mats was further confirmed by in vivo experiments. Moreover, the in vivo hemostasis studies revealed that the hybrid nanofiber mats could rapidly transform into hydrogel when they contact with blood, and then activate the clotting system to stop the wound bleeding. Therefore, the CCM-MSN incorporated PVP nanofiber mats provide a practical possibility for nanofiber-based hemostatic materials with good biocompatibility and high antibacterial activity.

In recent years, multilevel spinal cord injuries (SCIs) have gained a substantial amount of attention from clinicians and researchers. Multilevel noncontinuous SCI patients cannot undergo the multiple steps of a one-stage operation because of a poor general condition or a lack of proper surgical approaches. The surgeon subsequently faces the decision of whether to initially relieve the rostral or caudal compression. In this study, we established a spinal cord compression model involving two noncontinuous segments in rabbits to evaluate the effects of differences in decompression order on the functional recovery of the spinal cord.

Acetabular revision arthroplasty with major bone loss is one of the most difficult operations in orthopedic surgery. The goal of the study was to evaluate midterm clinical results of the use of morselized allografts with cemented cage support in revision total hip replacement.