浙江某大型综合化工园区污水处理厂(20×104 m3/d)服务范围既包括化工工业园区,又包含城区居住区,提标前进厂水中工业废水量约占54％,出水统一执行《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978-1996)一级标准,尾水排入杭州湾.提标工程设计采用将生活污水与工业废水分开收集、分质处理提标的总体方案.将现状处理线拆分、改造为两条独立的10×104 m3/d规模处理线,一条用于生活污水提标处理,改造方案为在现状二级生化/高效沉淀池基础上增加纤维转盘滤池,处理后尾水达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918-2002)一级A标准.另一条用于工业废水提标处理,改造方案为在现状絮凝沉淀/水解酸化/二级生化基础上增加催化芬顿+活性炭吸附工艺,处理后尾水达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978-1996)一级标准(COD≤80 mg/L).提标改造新建设施占地2.87 hm2,全部利用厂内空地.提标改造完成后,两条线均运行良好,出水稳定达标.生活污水部分改造吨水投资约117元/m3,运行费用在原基础上增加0.08元/m3.工业废水部分改造吨水投资为1920元/m3,运行费用在原基础上增加3.48元/m3.

本文依据GB11914-1989重铬酸盐法原理,采用实验室常用的四种不同的加热—回流-冷却方式,通过对加入了一定量氯离子和CODcr的混合标液及实际废水样进行硫酸汞的去除氯离子干扰实验,指出了对接近排放标准限值CODcr100mg/L、氯离子800mg/L～1600mg/L的水样,增加硫酸汞加入量1.0g～ 1.4g,同时适当降低加热温度,加热回流时保持溶液呈微沸,能较好地掩蔽氯离子干扰,使干扰降到较低水平,符合COD浓度50mg/L～100mg/L时,实验室内相对偏差≤15％,相对误差≤±10％要求[1].

In order to improve the wastewater treatment efficiency of Fine Chemical Industrial Park in Zhejiang Province,organic compounds in the inflow and outflow from a biological treatment system were analyzed by GC/MS.The biodegradability and toxicity of the organic compounds contained in the inflow were topologically studied,and its consistency with analytical results was evaluated.Results indicated that acids,alcohols and some volatile phenols and anilines could be removed effectively through the biological treatment system.However,chloroanilines,chloronitrobenzenes,methoxybenzenes,nitriles and some heterocyclic compounds could still be detected in the outflow.These compounds were toxic and hardly biodegradable,resulted in a unsatisfactory water discharge.Therefore,the process option for fine chemical wastewater treatment should consider the preferential control of organic compounds with low PCD or low LC50.Effective pretreatment and bioaugmentation technique might be necessary for a high-performance wastewater treatment process.

Fine Chemical wastewater is a typical industrial organic and non-biodegradable wastewater with high strength of COD,ammonia nitrogen and color.In order to improve the treatment efficiency of the wastewater from a Fine Chemical Industrial Park in Zhejiang Province,several indexes including COD,BOD,ammonia nitrogen,color,anions,cations,heavy metals and organic compounds were analyzed by ion chromatography,ICP/MS,GC/MS and other regulatory analytical methods.The pollution characteristics of the fine chemical wastewater were revealed from chemical and biological analysis results,through which the control strategies were proposed.Results indicated that COD,ammonia nitrogen,heavy metals,dyes and their decomposition substances were the main toxic pollutants in the wastewater.The organic compounds,which were determined as hardly biodegradable or toxic compounds,inhibit the micro-organisms,so that the quality of outflow couldn't satisfy the discharge criterion.Therefore,the treatment of fine chemical wastewater should prior consider the treatment of toxic compounds,the process efficiency,the appropriate water quality structure and effective policy strategies.

Nonthermal plasma,a new technique of odor removal was presented.The fundamental principle,research advances,existing problems and research ideas were analyzed.Finally,the prospect of its application to industry was presented.