目的 探讨根本原因分析法(root cause analysis,RCA)对降低精神病患者静脉留置针非计划拔针发生率的影响.方法 选取精神病患者200例,随机分为两组,每组100例.对照组采取常规静脉留置针实施方法,实验组在RCA法的基础上对常规静脉留置针的实施方法进行改进.比较两组患者非计划性拔针发生率以及静脉留置针实施情况.结果 实验组非计划拔针发生率为22.00％低于对照组的60.00％(x2=17.635,P＜0.01);在两组患者静脉留置针的实施过程中,护士对实验组的操作时间短于对照组(P＜0.01);实验组患者静脉留置针留置时间长于对照组(P＜0.01).结论 在对精神病患者实施静脉留置针的过程中应用RCA法能有效降低非计划拔针发生率,且可有效改善其留置针实施情况.

目的探讨首次住院精神分裂症患者家属健康教育的需求情况。方法采用自行设计的问卷对204例首次住院的精神分裂症患者家属进行调查,分为入院时、住院期间及出院时健康教育需求程度。结果 90%以上患者家属迫切需要了解患者病情、精神疾病相关知识、药物治疗的不良反应对患者的影响及应对措施、复发指征、家庭康复、社会技能训练指导。结论对精神分裂症患者家属进行健康教育可促进患者的早日康复,医护人员应做好不同阶段患者家属的健康教育,预防复发。

Objective:To probe into influence of health education on orally taking medicine compliance of schizophrenia patients.Methods:A total of 120 schizophrenia inpatients were divided into health education group and control group randomly(60 cases each).Patients of control group were only given antipsychotics treatment and commonly instruction.Patients of health education group were given antipsychotics treatment and various health education were carried out for them.And orally taking medicine compliance between the two group patients were compared before and after health education.Results:Orally taking medicine compliance of health education group patients was much higher than that of control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Health education can enhance orally taking medicine compliance of schizophrenia inpatients.

总结医院精神科护理人员流失的原因:工作风险高、心理压力大、工作辛苦、待遇低、工作不被理解和尊重、社会地位低、晚夜班多、工作时间不规律等。提出医院管理人员应引起足够的重视,采取多种有效措施稳定精神科护理人员队伍,促进精神科护理事业的发展。