目的 探讨失禁相关性皮炎(IAD)并金黄色葡萄球菌感染对皮肤组织中Gasdermin D蛋白的影响.方法 选择医院泌尿外科2018年10月-2020年10月进行手术并在术后发生失禁相关性皮炎患者,根据是否存在金黄色葡萄球菌感染从中选择患者各50例,分为感染组和非感染组,采用失禁相关性皮炎严重程度评估工具对病情严重程度进行评估.使用一次性无菌棉签刮取病灶处细菌,恒温培养后根据菌落计数结果对感染组进行分组.采用免疫组化法检测皮肤组织Gasdermin D、NF-κB蛋白相对表达,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清中白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平.结果 感染组Gasdermin D、NF-κB、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平高于非感染组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);病情严重组Gasdermin D、NF-κB、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平高于病情较轻组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);高菌落计数组Gasdermin D、NF-κB、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平高于低菌落计数组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 金黄色葡萄球菌可能通过上调Gasder-min D后激活NF-κB通路及其下游促炎细胞因子的方式造成皮肤感染,引发IAD.

Objective To determine the effect of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) on the phagocytosis and killing activity of a murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7 against T.asahii,and to estimate the possibility of treating T.asahii infection with IFN-γγ.Methods T.asahii was cultured with or without the presence of different concentrations (10,100,1000 U/ml) of IFN-γfor 18 hours followed by the incubation with RAW264.7 cells for different durations.After additional culture for 45 minutes,the number of T.asahii cells phagocytosed by RAW264.7 cells was counted under an inverted microscope,and the rate of phagocytosis was calculated.The number of colony forming units of T.asahii per milliliter (cfu/ml) was counted after 4-hour additional culture and the growth inhibition rate was determined.Data were processed by the SPSS 16.0 software,and comparisons of parameters between these groups were done by Bonferroni method and analysis of variance after homogeneity test of variance.Results The number of phagocytosed T.asahiicells was 25.12 ± 1.81,35.88 ± 3.56,52.12 ± 3.23,with the phagocytosis rate being 25.12％,35.88％ and 52.12％,respectively in RAW264.7 cells incubated with IFN-γ of 10,100,1000 U/ml,significantly different from that in untreated RAW264.7 cells (13.62 ± 2.39,13.62％,all P ＜ 0.01).The colony forming units of T.asahii per ml after incubation with untreated RAW264.7 cells differed significantly from those after incubation with IFN-γ (10,100,1000 U/ml)-treated RAW264.7 cells ((68.12 ± 3.39) × 500 vs.(58.62 ± 4.89) × 500,(45.50 ± 3.02) × 500 and (34.62 ± 4.24) × 500,all P＜0.01),with the growth inhibition rate being 25.21％,41.95％ and 55.83％ respectively for RAW264.7 cells incubated with IFN-γ of 10,100,1000 U/ml.Statistical differences were also observed in the killing activity between RAW264.7 cells incubated with different concentrations of IFN-γ (all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion IFN-γ (10-1000 U/ml) may enhance the phagocytosis and killing activity of RAW264.7 cells against T.asahii in a concentration-dependent manner.

Cytokines play an important immunomodulatory effect in the development of deep fungal infection.Recently,immunomodulation therapy has gradually become a hot spot in the treatment of deep fungal infection.Cell factors are mainly classified into 2 categories:pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines.Pro-inflammatory cytokines mainly include tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α,colony stimulating factor (CSF),interferon-γ(IFN-γ),interleukin-12 (IL-12),etc,and anti-inflammatory cytokines include IL-4,IL-10,and so on.The essential roles of pro-inflammatory cytokines in immune response and immune regulation make them have great potential for the treatment of deep fungal infection.This paper focuses on the roles of cytokines in deep fungal infection.

Objective To investigate the effect of IFN-γ on the killing mechanism of RAW264.7 macrophage against Trichosporon asahii(T.asahii) in vitro.Methods The various concentrations(10,100,1000U/ml) of interferon-γ with RAW 264.7 were incubated,and then cultured with T.asahii to assess the killing activity by counting the number of colony forming units per milliliter(CFU/ml) of T.asahii.Then calculate the T.asahii growth inhibition rate,and measure Nitrite ion(NO2-) in the supernatant respectively.Each well added by the above different terminal concentrations of IFN-γ incubated with RAW264.7 to determine the superoxide anion(O2-) respectively in the supernatant.Results With the concentration of 10,100 and 1000U/ml of IFN-γ,the growth inhibition rates of T.asahii were 25.21%,41.95%,55.83% respectively.There was significant difference between each group(P0.01).In the supernatant the concentrations of Nitrite ion were 89.16±3.32,108.07±3.81,126.44±3.52 respectively.There were significant difference(P0.01) compared to the blank control group(74.47±1.48).With the concentrations of IFN-γ rising(10,100,1000U/ml respectively),the OD value of the O2-measured in the supernatant were increasing(0.317±0.006、0.424±0.006,0.518±0.006 respectively).And the blank control group was 0.222±0.008,there was significant difference between each group(P0.01).Conclusion With the concentrations of IFN-γ rising,the growth inhibition rates of T.asahii are increasing.IFN-γ plays a role in killing effect of T.asahii in vitro by enhancing macrophage producing nitrogen monoxidum(NO) and superoxide anion(O2-).

<正>Bowen病(bowen disease,BD)是一种原位鳞状细胞癌,典型皮损表现为鳞屑性红色斑块。少数病例表现为色素性皮疹,类似于脂溢性角化,光化

葡萄糖醛酸木糖甘露聚糖(GXM)是新生隐球菌(C.neoformans)荚膜的主要成分,经研究发现GXM也存在于毛孢子菌中,是阿萨希毛孢子菌(T.asahii)细胞壁的重要组成成分,与真菌的毒力和致病性密切相关。本文介绍了真菌GXM的生物学活性与影响因素,为真菌的检测及临床致病性研究提供理论依据。