本文以番禺区的农业生产为例，在番禺区城市化进程急速发展的背景下，分析了的番禺区的农业在社会经济发展中所扮演的角色，阐述了农业增产增收与农民职业素养的关系，并提出了番禺区开展新型职业农民培训的模式。

本文针对中职学校教学管理主要存在的问题,指出教学管理在中职教育评估指标体系占有重要的体位,同时提出建立科学与规范的教学管理模式的建议.

OBJECTIVE:To establish two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) pattern for proteome analysis on K562 cells before and after treatment with 6-gingerol, and mass-spectrometry was applied to identify and analyze the differentially expressed proteins.METHODS:K562 cells were treated with 6-gingerol. Cell proliferation was analyzed by CCK-8 assay. Total protein of K562 cells was extracted by 2D-DIGE and then imaged by SDS gel scanning. The differentially expressed proteins were identified using Imagine Master 2D Platinum 6.0 software and functionally classified by MALDI and MALDI-TOF MS.RESULTS:6-gingerol could significantly inhibit K562 cells proliferation and the efficacy was concentration and dose-dependent. After being treated for 24, 48, 72 h, IC50 was 22.86, 15.75, 11.18 microg/mL, respectively. 42 differentially expressed proteins were identified, including 19 up-regulated expressed proteins and 10 down-regulated expressed proteins.CONCLUSION:Proteomic technique can be used to screen multiple proteins associate with the anti-leukemia effect of 6-gingerol, involving some important proteins related to oxidative stress, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis signal transduction, biosynthesis and glycometabolism.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of 6-gingerol on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential(deltapsim) of chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells and human acute T lymphoblastic leukemia MOLT4 cells, to investigate the role of mitochondrial pathway in the signal transduction of leukemia cell.METHODS:With different concentrations of 6-gingerol treatment, using 2,7-dichloro fluoresceinciactate (DCFH-DA) as ROS probe, rhodamine-123 as deltapsim probe, the levels of ROS and deltapsim of K562 cells and MOLT4 cells were tested by flow cytomentry.RESULTS:After treated with 6-gingerol, the ROS levels of K562 cells were significantly higher than control group (P < 0.01), while the deltapsim were significantly lower than control group (P < 0.01), and the ROS levels of MOLT4 cells were significantly higher than control group (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS:6-gingerol can significantly increase ROS levels of K562 cells and MOLT4 cells, decrease deltapsim of K562 cells,induce apoptosis of leukemia cells by mitochondrial pathway.

目的:研究生姜活性成分姜酚及其衍生物姜酚肟对慢性粒细胞系K562细胞的增殖活性、细胞周期及凋亡的影响.方法:采用CCK-8法检测姜酚和姜酚肟对K562细胞增殖活性的影响,PI单染检测其对K562细胞周期的影响,Annexin V-PI双染检测早期细胞凋亡,Hochest 33258染色观察细胞形态学的变化.结果:(1)姜酚作用于K562细胞48、72 h后,显著抑制K562细胞增殖,48 h的IC_(50)值为15.75 μg/mL,且具有时间及剂量依赖性.姜酚肟的抑制作用亦有时间及剂量依赖性,但较姜酚抑制作用弱.(2)姜酚15 μg/mL组细胞周期阻滞于S期,姜酚肟作用组细胞周期与对照组比较无明显差异(P＞0.05).(3)姜酚和姜酚肟作用48 h后出现早期凋亡群,姜酚各浓度组间的早期凋亡率差异显著(P＞0.05),随着药物浓度的增加凋亡率升高.(4)荧光显微间观察出现少量的细胞胞核固缩,核边集,出现凋亡小体.结论:姜酚和姜酚肟对K562细胞有显著的抑制作用,姜酚较姜酚肟抑制作用强,姜酚的抑制机制可能与影响细胞周期及诱导细胞凋亡有关,姜酚肟的抑制机制可能与诱导细胞凋亡有关.