为解决长期存放后硫酸二乙酯技术指标降低而不能满足实验要求的问题,通过对硫酸二乙酯减压蒸馏装置的改进优化,建立了一套高效智能的提纯装置.提纯产品理化检测结果表明:采用改进后的减压精馏装置进行硫酸二乙酯提纯试验,可以准确控制所需的温度、真空度和分流比,仅需精馏一次即可获得合格品,不仅工艺稳定、操作便捷,而且兼具智能化,进一步提高了作业的职业健康安全水平.

采用原位红外光谱技术开展键合剂在不同温度下的贮存老化规律及动力学研究,结果表明羟基为键合剂老化的薄弱环节.采用羟基官能团的变化规律进行动力学分析,得到活化能为117kJ/mol;以吸光度变化0.1％和1％作为贮存寿命的判据,键合剂在30 ℃下的贮存寿命分别为9.37 a和93.7 a.

采用射线对太安进行辐照,基于SEM、XPS及FTIR表征了辐照对PETN结构的影响,利用DSC-TG和压力传感器法考察了辐照对PETN热安定性的影响.结果表明,辐照后的太安在120℃时颜色和形态发生较大变化,放气量剧增,即辐照使太安的热安定性变差.辐照使太安熔化温度由初始的143.8℃提前到140.4℃,分解温度由初始的205.8℃推迟到206.7℃.经辐照后各元素含量明显变化,碳元素含量明显增加,氮元素含量少量上升,氧元素含量逐渐减小,分析认为是发生了去硝基反应.

对聚醚多元醇酸值测定结果的不确定度进行了评估,找到了影响测试结果的重要因素为滴定聚醚多元醇时消耗NaOH的体积.通过实验对该分析方法进行了改进,改进后的方法合成不确定度仅为0.0028mgKOH/g.实践证明,不确定度评定是改进分析方法的重要手段之一.

The stabilities of benzotrifuroxan(BTF) and the PBX based on BTF were compared.The Bourdon method was used to investigate the thermal decomposition of BTF and the PBX under vacuum conditions.Within the temperature range from 80 to120℃,the relationships between the time(τ) corresponding to the reacted fraction of 0.1% and the temperature(T) of the thermal decomposition of BTF and the PBX can be expressed by the following equations:lgτ=5.6144-0.05354T and lgτ=5.6836-0.04865T.Therefore the storage lifes of BTF and the PBX at 30℃ extrapolated by Berthelot equation were seperately 27.9 years and 45.9 years.The results indicated that PBX based on BTF has better thermal stability than BTF.

对GB12008.5-1989标准中聚醚多元醇酸值测定中称样量、允差、溶剂3个方面的问题进行了探讨,并对存在的问题提出了改进办法。

利用布氏压力法对改性RHT-902炸药的热分解放气量进行了测试,并利用由阿累尼乌斯方程推算出的公式以及Berthelot方程分别计算出了改性RHT-902炸药分解反应动力学的基本参数和在不同温度条件下的理论贮存寿命.

Condensed and gas phase after aging process were investigated using FTIR,GC-MS and solid microextraction technique.The results showed that systems of HMX with polymer A,B and polyurethane treated at 75℃ for 4.5 months is still compatibel.