AIM:To investigate the changes of oxidative stress in the stomach tissues and their roles in gastric motility and interstitial cells of Cajal(ICC) in diabetic rats.METHODS: Thirty-eight SD rats(8-week-old,male) were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin(STZ).Diabetes was successfully induced in 36 of them.The diabetes rats were randomly divided into untreated diabetes group and treated diabetes group.Eighteen healthy SD rats(8-week-old,male) served as controls.The body weight and the levels of blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin were measured.At the end of week 1 and week 10,9 rats were sacrificed in each group.The gastric emptying rate and the levels of malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),tyrosine kinase receptor c-Kit and stem cell factor(SCF) in gastric smooth muscle were analyzed.The apoptosis of ICC in gastric tissues was detected by the methods of immunocytochemistry and TUNEL.RESULTS: Compared with control group,gastric motility and SOD activity in untreated diabetes group were significantly weakened,the levels of MDA and TNF-α increased,the levels of c-Kit and SCF decreased,and apoptosis of ICC enhanced.In treated diabetes group,the oxidative stress level was attenuated,antioxidant capacity was enhanced,the levels of c-Kit and SCF were significantly increased,and the ICC apoptosis was reduced.Gastric motility was significantly improved after antioxidant therapy.CONCLUSION: Hyperglycemia affects the expression of antioxidant enzymes in the stomachs of diabetic rats.Oxidative stress is caused by hyperglycemia and is an important factor in the etiology of gastric motility dysfunction in diabetic rats,which may be correlated with the augmentation of ICC apoptosis resulting from oxidative stress-induced c-Kit/SCF damage.

预处理是指在造血干细胞移植前给予受者大剂量化疗或放化疗的处理措施,其目的是抑制受者的免疫反应,减少排斥,腾空骨髓的造血细胞龛,以利造血干细胞的植入,并以最大限度杀灭白血病细胞.我院于1998年至今应用马利兰、环磷酰胺(BU-CY2)预处理方案对69例患者进行非亲缘异基因骨髓移植,现将有关护理介绍如下.

异基因骨髓移植是根治恶性血液病、再生障碍性贫血及遗传性疾病等的有效方法.我院1994年至今进行了14例血液系统恶性疾病患者的亲缘异基因骨髓移植,并获成功,现将采集骨髓(采髓)护理及其在移植成功中的意义报道如下.

目的总结非亲缘异基因骨髓移植相关性口腔粘膜炎的临床观察及护理,以提高护士对相关病情的观察及护理水平.方法对44例接受非亲缘异基因骨髓移植的患者在移植期间出现的口腔粘膜炎的观察、护理和治疗中的问题进行分析和总结.结果 44例有78%的患者发生不同程度的口腔粘膜炎,经过综合护理,除了移植失败的患者,余均在10～16天内好转.结论针对不同的患者进行综合护理,是对非亲缘异基因骨髓移植相关性口腔粘膜炎护理的关键.

造血干细胞移植后并发肝静脉闭塞病(VOD)是造血干细胞移植后与预处理有关的危及生命的严重并发症.根据骨髓移植及VOD的临床特征,阐述了异基因骨髓移植预处理护理、VOD预防的护理、VOD发生时的护理及心理护理等.